Chapter 22 Outstanding Linglian Tang Village
The beautiful Liantang Village, 2 kilometers away from Paradise Town, has jurisdiction over 4 natural villages, 420 households, and a population of more than 1,650. The village has always been martial arts and literature, and has a profound cultural and historical heritage, "fire and smoke cover two governors, and nine commanders on both sides of a river" refers to the fact that two governors and nine generals were born in the inner cave of Paradise Town. Among the nine generals, four of them were born in Liantang Village, and Liang Hongkai, the famous commander of the First Army of the National Revolution, was born in Liantang Village. Therefore, Liantang Village has always enjoyed the reputation of "the general's hometown".
According to historical records: Liang Hongkai (1887~1954), army general, the word Jingyun, was a native of Tiantian Liantang Village, GDXX County. At the age of 20, he worked as a shop worker. Later, he went to Guangzhou to find a job, and when the Qing government recruited a new army, he went to the Guangzhou Shahe recruiting station to enlist in the army, and soon entered the GD Army Primary School, and then joined the League, and responded to Sun Yat-sen's call in the Army Primary School, joined the revolutionary army, successively served as a squad and platoon leader, and later entered the training class of the Guangdong Army Teaching Corps, and served as a company commander after graduation. Follow the revolution of allegiance to Sun Yat-sen.
In 1917, Liang Hongkai was ordered to serve as a battalion commander in the Lin Hu Department of the Guangdong Army, stationed in Yantang, and responded to Sun Yat-sen's call to attack Mo Rongxin's Governor's Office. The following year, he was promoted to the head of the new Guangdong Army Xu Zongzhi Department and stationed in Longmen. Later, he served as the commander of the 1st Army of Chen Jiongming's department and participated in the war to aid Fujian. Soon after, he returned to the GD to participate in the battle to expel the Gui warlord Mo Rongxin.
In November 1920, the 1st Division of the Guangdong Army founded by Sun Yat-sen was established in Guangzhou, and Liang Hongkai served as the commander of the 1st Brigade to participate in the war against Guangxi. In March 1922, Deng Keng, chief of staff of the Cantonese Army and commander of the 1st Division, was assassinated. Liang Hongkai accepted Sun Yat-sen's appointment and officially served as the commander of the 1st Division of the Guangdong Army and the deputy commander of the Guangzhou Garrison. On May 6, Liang Hongkai led the First Division of the Guangdong Army to participate in the Northern Expedition Oath Conference in Shaoguan, at this time, Chen Jiongming, the commander of the Guangdong Army who disagreed with Sun Yat-sen, sent a telegram ordering Liang Hongkai to lead the "First Division of the Guangdong Army" to return to Guangzhou to disobey Sun Yat-sen's Northern Expedition plan with him. At this critical moment, General Liang Hongkai categorically rejected Chen Jiongming's order. With the support of Chief of Staff Li Jishen and patriotic generals such as Deng Yanda and Xu Jingtang, he led the First Division of the Guangdong Army to faithfully follow Sun Yat-sen's Northern Expedition. In mid-May, Chen Jiongming openly defied the Northern Expedition, and in mid-June, he instructed his subordinate Ye Ju to bombard the presidential palace. Sun Yat-sen immediately ordered the division of the Northern Expeditionary Army in front to return to Guangdong to fight for thieves, and the first division of the Guangdong Army was originally under the management of the First Military Department of the Guangdong Army under the control of Chen Jiongming. Although Chen Jiongming was dismissed from the post of commander-in-chief of the Guangdong Army (but still served as the Minister of the Army), some generals of the First Division of the Guangdong Army still obeyed Chen Jiongming's orders. In July, the 1st Division of the Guangdong Army had internal differences of opinion on the way back to the division to fight against thieves, and in order to avoid internal fire, Liang Hongkai and the chief of staff Li Jishen and Deng Yanda and other generals decided to withdraw the troops from the ranks. Transferred to the Longchuan and Heyuan areas in eastern Guangdong, and stabilized and reorganized the troops. Chen Xiujue, the commander of the Third Regiment of the First Division of the Guangdong Army, defected to Ye Ju and led his troops to attack the Northern Expeditionary Army. The Northern Expeditionary Army was flanked before and after returning to the division to fight against the thieves, Cheng Qian led his troops to retreat into HN, Xu Chongzhi led his troops to retreat into western Jiangxi, and Sun Yat-sen learned on the Yongfeng ship that the Northern Expeditionary Army in front of the front returned to Guangzhou and had no hope of quelling the chaos. Transfer to a warship to SH for the redeployment plan. Guangzhou also fell to the occupation of Chen Jiongming's army. The officers and men of the Yongsun faction of the first division of the Guangdong army were also attacked by Chen's army, Zhang Fakui, who was in charge of the guard of the Shaoguan base camp, led his troops to retreat to the Xianren Cave in Shixing to defend it, and the chief of staff Li Jishen also resigned in frustration and went to Chen Jiongming to inquire about the situation. Chen Jiongming deduced that everything was done by Ye Ju, and the first division of the Guangdong Army was later incorporated by Chen Jiongming. Liang Hongkai was held accountable by Chen Jiongming for refusing Chen Jiongming's order to return to Guangzhou to participate in the rebellion in May, and following Sun Yat-sen's order to wave his army on the Northern Expedition, and the first division of the Guangdong Army was temporarily managed by Li Jishen appointed by Chen Jiongming. Liang Hongkai was therefore unable to appear in public, so he could only secretly unite the generals of the Yongsun faction of the First Division to continue to deal with Chen Jiongming. In November, the reorganized first division was transferred to Xijiang to intercept the Yunnan-Guizhou coalition army to go east to discuss Chen, after Liang Hongkai was reinstated, after learning that Zhang Fakui was living in seclusion in the Xianren Cave in Shixing, he immediately repaired a letter and sent someone to summon him to return to the team, Zhang Fakui immediately led his troops down the mountain to Guangzhou after reorganization, and then went to Xijiang to meet Liang Hongkai, becoming a backbone of the first division of the Guangdong Army in the Xijiang uprising in the future. Liang Hongkai later conspired against Chen Jiongming's activities with Li Jishen, Deng Yanda, Zhang Fakui, Guo Xueyun, Xu Jingtang and other generals, and wrote a letter recommending that Deng Yanda be sent as a representative to secretly report to Sun Yat-sen the situation of the First Division of the Guangdong Army via Hong Kong, and asked Sun Yat-sen for strategic decisions. Later, according to Deng Yanda's proposal, Liang Hongkai incorporated most of the officers and soldiers of the First Division of the Guangdong Army who had revolutionary tendencies and supported Sun Yat-sen into the Second Regiment, gathered revolutionary forces, and then prepared separately and waited for an uprising. In January 1923, Liang Hongkai took advantage of Deng Yanda and Ye Ju's dealings, according to Sun Yat-sen's deployment plan, led the first division of the Guangdong Army to revolt against Chen in Xijiang, and led his troops to form the West Road Thief Army with the Yunnan-Guizhou coalition army, completely defeating Chen Jiongming's army near western Guangdong and Guangzhou, and then took the lead in attacking Guangzhou with Deng Yanda leading the engineer battalion as the vanguard. Make Guangzhou the base camp of Sun Yat-sen's revolution again. In February, Sun Yat-sen returned from SH to the Generalissimo's Mansion in Guangzhou to personally take over the military and political power. After quelling the rebellion of Chen Jiongming's army, Sun Yat-sen further realized that Liang Hongkai was a general loyal to the revolution, and wrote affectionately: "The wind blows the grass, and the troubled times know loyal ministers" The inscription was given to Liang Hongkai. In March, Sun Yat-sen ordered the reorganization of the Guangdong Army, and the First Division of the Guangdong Army was ordered to expand the Fourth Army directly under the central government (the Thief Army). Liang Hongkai was promoted to the commander of the Fourth Army by Sun Yat-sen, commanding the whole army to be responsible for the defense of the Xijiang and Beijiang regions. Li Jishen took over as the commander of the First Division of the Guangdong Army. In April, Shen Hongying, the commander of the Western Road Thief Army, accepted the wooing of the Beiyang warlord Duan Qirui and sent his brigade commanders Zhang Xiwu and Huang Zhenbang to occupy Zhaoqing. In May, Liang Hongkai was ordered by Sun Yat-sen to go on a crusade against the rebellion. After leading Li Jishen's first division to conquer Qingyuan, he went straight to Zhaoqing along Sanshui. At the operational meeting, Liang Hongkai, Li Jishen, Zheng Runqi, Xu Jingtang, Deng Yanda, Zhang Fakui, and other generals studied the battle plan, and decided that Zheng Runqi's third division would attack the west gate, and Li Jishen and Xu Jingtang's first division would attack the east gate. Deng Yanda led the engineer battalion to dig tunnels and bury mines to blow up the city wall, with Zhang Fakui as the supervisor. At dawn on the 16th, a general attack was launched on all fronts. In one fell swoop, he attacked Zhaoqing, wiped out all the rebels, captured them, and captured the brigade commander Huang Zhenbang alive. Then take advantage of the victory to recover Yingde and Xijiang, Yunfu, Fengkai, and Deqing counties. The northern and western parts of Guangdong were firmly under the revolutionary regime led by Sun Yat-sen. Only Dongjiang and Huizhou are still entrenched by Chen Jiongming's rebellious army. At the beginning of 1924, Sun Yat-sen reunified the Guangdong Army (except for Chen Jiongming's rebels) under the GD Institute into the Founding of the Guangdong Army, Xu Chongzhi was the commander-in-chief of the Founding of the Guangdong Army and the commander of the Second Army, ****** was the chief of staff (later the president of the Whampoa Military Academy was the chief of the General Staff of the Guangdong Army), Liang Hongkai was the commander of the First Army of the Founding of the Guangdong Army, and Li Fulin was the commander of the Third Army. In 1924, when Sun Yat-sen posthumously recognized Deng Zhongyuan as an army general, he awarded Liang Hongkai and Li Fulin as army generals. When Sun Yat-sen founded the Whampoa Military Academy, he transferred Li Jishen, the backbone of the First Army, and Deng Yanda to the Whampoa Military Academy to teach and assist in running the school. He also instructed Liang Hongkai to lead the First Army of the Guangdong Army to closely defend GD and assist in the smooth development of the Whampoa Military Academy. In January 1925, according to the instructions of the Marshal's Office and Sun Yat-sen, Liang Hongkai transferred the main force and the first division of the First Army of the Guangdong Army of the Founding of the People's Republic of China to participate in the Eastern Expedition. In late August, Liang Hongkai was falsely accused of attempting to launch a military mutiny to overthrow the Nationalist Government because of the "Liao case", and was innocently involved in the whirlpool of "participating in the assassination of Liao", and was arrested and imprisoned. The city of Guangzhou was immediately filled with a tense atmosphere, and Xu Chongzhi, commander of the Guangdong Army for the founding of the People's Republic of China, expressed his dissatisfaction and opposition, and all the officers and men of the First Army of the Guangdong Army were even more dissatisfied. unanimously raised their swords and guns against the ******, and a GD civil war was on the verge of breaking out. Of the generals of the three armies of the Guangdong Army for the founding of the People's Republic of China, except for a few Li Fulin who defected to Chiang, most of the rest never listened to ******'s orders. If the Cantonese army, which had been known for its actual combat experience at that time, joined forces with the student army and the SS army under the ****** command, although they had been educated, (at that time, the National Revolutionary Army had just begun to be formed, and the Cantonese army had not yet been reorganized), the powerful Cantonese army would have taken advantage of the geographical advantages. But Guangzhou and GD will be locked in a bitter battle. Liang Hongkai knew the situation well and put aside his personal interests. So Liang Hongkai tried to inform Liang Honglin, the division commander, and strictly ordered Liang Honglin to return to the First Army to give instructions and orders, and the whole army must not act rashly. He deeply expressed that he was an innocent person, and he absolutely did not plot to overthrow the Nationalist Government, let alone participate in the assassination of his colleague Liao Zhongkai, and expressed his willingness to accept all the government's censorship. Otherwise, it will be ****** convicted of provoking a civil war in the GD. After Song Qingling learned of Liang Hongkai's arrest, he immediately proposed to Lao Jiang to intervene. Liang Hongkai escaped under the protection of Song Qingling. Later, under the pressure of Song Qingling and He Xiangning's strong protection and the remarks of people from all walks of life, ******Liang Hongkai was released after paying bail (service fee) under the condition that Liang Hongkai was not guilty. After Liang Hongkai was released from prison, Song Qingling and He Xiangning expressed their condolences, and Li Jishen, commander of the Fourth Army of the former Guangdong Army, which was reorganized into the National Revolutionary Army, and many generals expressed regret. Liang Hongkai told them about and analyzed the situation at that time. At that time, there were Beiyang warlords to the north of the GD. With Chen Jiongming's rebel army in the east and GX rebel army in the west, the GD revolutionary base camp was surrounded by reactionary forces on three sides. If a civil war breaks out in the GD, the revolutionary regime that Sun Yat-sen has worked so hard to establish in the GD will be robbed by the reactionary forces, and the lives of the people will be devastated. And patiently persuaded, guided, and encouraged his subordinate generals to obey Sun Yat-sen's last wishes. Continue to work for the revolution. Accomplish the great cause of the reunification of the motherland, and hope that ****** sincerely take up the heavy burden of inheriting Sun Yat-sen's Northern Expedition and live up to the heavy responsibility of building a new ********. Later, during the Second Northern Expedition of the Northern Expedition, the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army after the reorganization of the Guangdong Army marched forward bravely in the Northern Expedition and won the title of "Iron Army". During the Anti-Japanese War, Wang Jingwei betrayed the country to seek glory and invited Liang Hongkai to serve as the puppet governor of GD Province. Liang Hongkai flatly refused, severely reprimanded Wang Jingwei, and said that as a soldier, it was a pity that he could not go to the battlefield to fight against the Japanese invaders, and later Li Jishen also invited Liang Hongkai to GX to help organize anti-Japanese work. But at ZQ's ******, a pair of eyes were firmly fixed on Liang Hongkai, fearing that another anti-Chiang force would rise in the future. Liang Hongkai recounted the matter in his reply to Li Jishen, and Li Jishen expressed his understanding. After the Japanese army completely blockaded China's coast, the Japanese army continued to send troops into Burma to cut off China's only foreign supply line of supplies and lives to China. In 1942, the Chinese government sent 100,000 expeditionary troops to fight in Burma. However, due to the inconsistent coordination of the allied forces, the coordination and command of the battlefield could not be unified, and in just a few months, the Chinese expeditionary force that entered Burma for the first time suffered heavy losses, and finally ended in a retreat with all difficulties and dangers. When preparing for a counteroffensive in northern Burma and western Yunnan, when ****** was choosing a commander, he remembered Liang Hongkai, who had brave combat and actual combat experience at home, so he summoned Liang Hongkai to ZQ for discussion. When they met and reminisced, they said that the past was a misunderstanding, and poured out the matter of Wang Jingwei and Li Jishen's invitation to Liang Hongkai, and at the same time praised Liang Hongkai for his traitorous behavior. He has the enthusiasm to defend the party-state and the people of the country, and hopes that Liang Hongkai will put on his clothes again and go to the battlefield to eliminate the Japanese invaders. Liang Hongkai readily agreed, but hoped that ****** would allow Li Jishen, Chen Jitang, Liang Honglin, Liang Xiunian, Zhuo Renji, Jiang Guangding, Cai Tingkai and other generals of the First Army of the Guangdong Army to return to the army to participate in the battle against the Japanese army. After hearing this, he frowned, and verbally promised to study and study. During the counteroffensive in northern Burma, ****** sent Zheng Dongguo as the commander of the new First Army to command the counteroffensive in northern Burma. At the same time as the Indian troops penetrated deep into the counteroffensive in northern Burma, the American commander, General Stilwell, issued an ultimatum to ****** to launch a counteroffensive in western Yunnan. In order to cooperate with the counteroffensive in northern Burma, ****** reassembled the 200,000 Chinese expeditionary force, and selected Wei Lihuang and Liang Hongkai, who had been suspected of collaborating with the Communist Party. In the end, it was decided that Wei Lihuang would serve as the commander-in-chief of the counteroffensive in western Yunnan. Later, he instructed Liang Hongkai to return to his hometown to organize anti-Japanese forces, and informed him that Li Hansoul had been ordered to notify the XX county government to allocate 3,000 catties of rice to Liang Hongkai every year for expenditure, and re-appoint Liang Hongkai as a lieutenant general of the military committee of the government. Liang Hongkai lost the opportunity to re-put on his armor and return to the battlefield to serve the country due to Lao Jiang's suspicion. Liang Hongkai was the first military general to be protected by Soong Ching-ling, and he was also the only military general who was reappointed from the ****** release from the 'Liao case'. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Liang Hongkai moved back to Guangzhou from his hometown, and Zhang Fakui, then commander of the Fourth War Zone, personally greeted him at the wharf. And regularly visit Liang Hongkai's house on Da Nan Road, Guangzhou, and affectionately call Liang Hongkai's uncle to take care. Liang Hongkai was the top adviser to the GD provincial government and presided over the management of the cemetery of the 1st Division of the Guangdong Army in Guangzhou. Undertake some tax contributions. Prepared for the establishment of the school for the children of the bereaved children of the first division of the Guangdong Army and served as the chairman. In 1947, he participated in the **** National Congress" representative election, before going to Hong Kong in 1949, Liang Hongkai secretly left his sixth son in Guangzhou Panyu Deng Zhongyuan School to study, his sixth son later joined the Chinese People's Liberation Army, in the cause of defending the motherland, silently contributed to the force, and his grandson also enlisted in the army in 1987. After demobilization, he was transferred to the people's public security to become a people's defender. Serve the country and the people wholeheartedly. Liang Hongkai was forced to transfer to Taiwan in 1953 because his family was detained to Taiwan, and he was replaced as a representative of the **** National Congress in Taiwan. He died in Taipei in December 1954. He was 67 years old. The memorial meeting was chaired by Xu Chongzhi and Zhang Fakui, and Mrs. Deng Zhongyuan attended the memorial meeting. The inscription "Comrade Jingyun is eternal".
Liang Hongkai firmly inherited the first division of the Guangdong Army led by General Deng Zhongyuan to loyally follow Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary Northern Expedition during the setback of the Northern Expedition, and tenaciously united the first division to support the generals of the Sun faction during the setback of the Northern Expedition. To make Guangzhou the base camp of Sun Yat-sen's leadership of the revolution again, Mr. Sun Yat-sen clearly understood. After the celebration banquet of the generalissimo in Guangzhou, he was awarded the inscription written by Sun Yat-sen, "The wind knows the strength of the grass, and the troubled times know the loyal ministers". In assisting Sun Yat-sen to establish the national government for the third time, he made outstanding military achievements. When the military situation in eastern Guangdong was urgent, according to Sun Yat-sen's instructions, the first division of the Guangdong army was dispatched to reinforce it, which stabilized the situation in eastern Guangdong. In January 1925, according to the instructions of the Marshal's Office and Sun Yat-sen, the First Division of the Guangdong Army was dispatched to participate in the First Eastern Crusade. The vast number of generals and soldiers are obvious to all, but many things are not understood by many people to some extent and lead to misunderstandings. In commemorating the 100th anniversary of the Xinhai Revolution, people re-understood and recognised General Liang Hongkai, a patriotic general who loyally followed Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary cause in his early years.
Liang Hongkai has a son and a daughter, and his son Liang Bozhong lives in the United States. Daughter Hui Ming, settled in Canada, Ms. Hui Ming loves the motherland, loves her hometown, cares about the development of education in her hometown, and donated funds to build Liantang Primary School in 1987, in order to commemorate her father, Liantang Primary School was named Liang Hongkai School.
During the period when General Liang Hongkai lived in his hometown of Paradise Liantang (1941-1945), he ****** ordered Li Hanhuai, who ordered the XX County Government to allocate 3,000 catties of rice every year as a subsidy for Liang Hongkai's living expenses.
In the winter of the 32nd year of the Republic of China (1943), General Liang Hongkai donated funds to rebuild the tomb of the 66th Liang Shungong (the ancestor of the 66th Liang Shungongtai) in Jinzhong Mountain, Lankeng.
Also: Regarding General Liang Hongkai's donation to rebuild the tomb of the Golden Bell of the Golden Bell in Jinzhong Mountain, Lankeng, this is related to one of his personal experiences.
Legend has it that during the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, there was a merchant surnamed Liang from Shiken in Shunde (now Shiken, Foshan), who was doing business in Yangchun County and unfortunately fell ill and died. His family rushed to Yangchun to bury him in a coffin and transport him back to Shunde for burial. When passing through the vicinity of Lankeng Village, Hetou, XX County, suddenly lightning and thunder, strong winds, wind and rain, when everyone carried the coffin to a sheltered place to put down, the weather changed more drastically: a strong tornado, pouring rain, so that people's eyes could not see anything, after a long time, finally the rain stopped quiet, at this time, the family of the bereaved found that the coffin stopped here is missing. So, I hurriedly searched everywhere, but I couldn't find anything. Later, the family members of the bereaved found a trail that looked like a heavy object dragging on the grass, and they felt strange, so they followed the grass mark and followed it for several mountain passes. At the foot of a very steep hill, the trail stretched upwards, and they went all the way up, and near the top of the hill they saw a mound of mounds that seemed to be loosened by ants, and they could vaguely see that the coffin was buried under the mound.
They stood in the place where the coffin was buried, but what they saw was a very pleasant scenery of rolling mountains in the distance, pine and cypress trees on both sides, and the bereaved family thought that this might be a blessed land of feng shui. Coincidentally, in the entourage of the bereaved family, one of them was proficient in geographical feng shui, when he saw that this mountain is extremely steep, surrounded by cliffs, like a big golden bell, and only here near the top of the mountain to the north has this gentle slope, like the ear bridge of the golden bell top, it is really a rare treasure cave. So, he said to everyone: "We don't need to transport the coffin back to Shunde, the ants will carry the coffin up, and make it called Tianqiao Acupoint, sit on the trunk to Kun, and the golden dragon will be located in Kun, heaven and earth." This is a gift from heaven to bury, a cave for officials and nobles, and people have nobility and fame.
Later, the Shunde man surnamed Liang who was buried here, his grandson Liang Chu was in the 14th year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (1478), and was compiled by Hanlin to the official department of Shangshu, Huagai Hall University Scholar, plus the title of prince and prince, and entered the aircraft service, and once served as the first assistant (prime minister) of the Taiwan Cabinet.
Besides, Liang Hongkai once was on the march to fight, was pursued by the enemy, and withdrew to Xinxing with his troops. Liang Hongkai was in the station to think about the military situation, hazy saw an old man in ancient clothes invited him to go out for a walk, Liang Hongkai followed the old man all the way into the mountain, sat down in a hut, and then played chess with the old man, until the day was getting bright, Liang Hongkai fell asleep in a daze. When he awoke, he found himself asleep leaning against a large rock at the foot of Admiralty, and the old man was gone, and when he returned to the camp, he learned that his troops had been ambushed by the enemy the previous night, and almost all of them had been wiped out. And he was very grateful to the old man. Later, after many searches, I knew that there was no old man with a fairy wind here, but on Jinzhong Mountain, there was an ancestral tomb that was rumored to be the prime minister of the Ming Dynasty, Liang Hongkai thought that it was the immortal with the same surname as him in the ancient tomb who guided him to avoid this catastrophe. Later, Liang Hongkai sent a force to repair this ancient tomb, the original depressed and fallen tomb was re-encircled with blue bricks, the tomb was expanded with gray sand, and the lawn in front of the tomb was widened into a worship platform that could accommodate hundreds of people. Hetou Lankeng Jinzhong Mountain because of its beautiful scenery, and there is a legend that it is the ancestral tomb of the gods of Liang Chu's grandfather, so Jinzhong Mountain has become a good scenic spot for many tourists to climb the mountain and visit the mountain, especially during the Qingming Festival, the people who come to Jinzhong Mountain to seek curiosity and explore the saint are endless.
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