34. The monarchy and the people accept it

A long-lost sea breeze hit, making the originally hot city feel a little cool and comfortable.

After Li and Pilate left Sardine Street, they were about to go to the Roman Market, the commercial center of the city of Rome, so the two of them went south along the Flaminian Avenue.

Li wanted to take advantage of this time to ask Pilate some questions about the Roman system of government, official position, and so on.

Bilardo said, "What do you want to know? Just ask, I promise to know everything, and I will say everything! ”

"I remember reading in the history books before, in addition to the Senate, an important power body, Rome seems to have three other assemblies, and many official positions were elected and voted on by these three assemblies."

"Oh! Three big deals! These three assemblies are the Company of Hundred Congress, the Citizens' Assembly, and the Civilian Assembly. ”

"Yes, yes, yes, these three congresses embody democracy, which has a bit of the meaning of 'monarchy and people'."

"You are right, in the kind of monarchy of the same period, where 'the whole world is not the king', the Roman form of government does appear to be much more democratic."

Li Xiang thought to himself: The Roman republic has actually ended long ago, and the "head system" established by Augustus is actually a "feudal monarchy" in disguise.

Pilate went on to say: "The Roman consuls, jurists, and procurators were elected by the assembly of the Company of Hundred, while the municipal and financial magistrates were appointed by the citizens' assembly, and the tribunes were elected by the plebeian assembly. ”

"So what are the duties of these officials? How long is the term of office? ”

"Except for the Ombudsman, whose term of office is five years, the term of office of the other officials is only one year."

"So short? Before the butt is hot in the official chair, he is leaving! ”

Bilate smiled and said, "It's not so exaggerated! If you do a good job, you can be re-elected. ”

Li Xiang nodded, and then said, "By the way, Rome has the highest power, isn't it the consul?" ”

"Under normal circumstances, the power of the consul is indeed the greatest, but the opinion of the procurator will determine whether the consul will stay or not."

Li Xiang couldn't help but be surprised: "Wow! The Ombudsman is so powerful! I thought: The Ombudsman of Rome feels a bit like the "Minister of Organization", and if anyone offends the "Minister of Organization", then his career will come to an end!

Bilardo continued, "Yes! Because the duty of the supervision officer is mainly to supervise officials at all levels, and his status in the officialdom is absolutely above that of the consuls. ”

"Who is the current Inquisitor of Rome? Are you also sitting in the Senate? ”

Bilardo smiled and said, "With such a big official position as the Inspector, he must be a patriarch!" And he sat in the center of the council hall. ”

"Isn't Augustus sitting in the seat in the center of the council hall?"

Bilardo smiled slightly and said, "Brother, you have always been extremely smart, and you still can't figure out some relationships?" ”

"You mean that Augustus was both an archon, an inquisitor, and a chief senator?"

"Isn't that it?"

"Supervise yourself?"

"Yes and no."

"What do you mean?"

"Because, Rome is a double procurator and a double consul, at least they both supervise each other, but at present, another procurator and consul, Agrippa, is on an expedition to Germania, and Augustus has temporarily become the only procurator and consul, plus the chief senator, the generalissimo, the chief priest and the tribune for life and countless other noble status, becoming the core person who really has supreme power." Birado explained.

Li Xiang nodded, and couldn't help but admire: "Otherwise, who else is worthy of such a great title as 'Augustus'!" ”

Bilate smiled and said, "You are now the 'big celebrity' by Augustus' side!" Brother, I will depend on you for my career in the future! ”

Li Xiang smiled and said, "What kind of red people and black people, it's not all mixed food." ”

Bilardo smiled: "Brother, 'excessive modesty is also a kind of pride'! ”

Li Xiang smiled, and then said, "Okay, okay, since you say so, then I promise you that I will definitely help if I can help in the future, how about it?" ”

Bilardo patted Li Xiang's shoulder and said, "With Brother Li Xiang, life is so happy!" ”

"I even have limericks!" Li Xiang said with a smile.

The two laughed at each other.

After laughing, Li Xiang said: "There are other official positions, you can also tell me about them!" That, what is the main duty of that judge of justice? ”

"The Judge of Law, there are six of them, who are responsible for hearing all kinds of lawsuits, and when both consuls are away, they will act as consuls, and when they leave office in the future, they can also go to the provinces to be governors."

"What do city councillors and treasurers do?"

"The magistrates, with four men, were in charge of the streets, the water supply, the maintenance of public buildings and temples, the price of the market at ease, the supply and demand of staple foods, and so on, and so on, and so on, and the most difficult of all the official positions, to deal with and arrange the celebrations of all kinds of festivals."

"We have to pay tribute to the municipal officials for the orderly administration of the city of Rome!"

Bilate smiled and nodded, and continued: "The treasurer is much more relaxed, there are twelve people, mainly responsible for the payment of taxes and supervising the minting of coins. ”

"It is said that in order to safeguard their legitimate interests, the vast number of ordinary people have won the special official position of 'protector of the people', and the 'protector of the people' can be regarded as a pioneering feat in the history of world politics."

"What you said is not bad at all, otherwise the interests of the common people can still be counted on their own 'class enemies', rich and powerful nobles to defend them!?"

Li Xiang thought to himself: Comparatively speaking, the political system of ancient Rome was much more democratic than that of the Han Dynasty in the same period, and what "the king wants his ministers to die, and the ministers have to die" and other "foolish and loyal" words such as "loyal to the monarch and patriotism", if anyone moves to ancient Rome to hype it up, they will definitely be regarded as "abnormal human beings" by the ancient Romans.

Pilardo went on to say: "There are ten tribunes, and they have three powers. ”

"The 'Three Powers'?"

"First, it is sacrosanct, and violence must not be added; Second, it has the legislative power of referendum, and all bills proposed can be enacted into law by referendum in the common people's assembly; The third is to veto all senate decrees, as well as the decrees of the jurisprudence against citizens. ”

"What a tribune."

"And then there's the 'best' dictator."

"'Dictator'!?"

"When the state is in a state of emergency, the Senate may appoint and dismiss a dictator for a term of six months, with absolute executive power, military power, and the power to override any law."

"I heard you talk about dictators, it looks like Caesar was a dictator, right?"

Bilate nodded and said, "Yes! In fact, it was the position of 'dictator' that killed Caesar. ”

"Tell me about it!"

"Caesar's refusal to relinquish power after the dictatorship's term ended, so that the senators unanimously believed that Caesar wanted to overthrow the government, and in order to protect their own interests, the senators united to assassinate Caesar."

Li Xiang nodded, thinking.

Pilate continued: "In contrast, Augustus was obviously much more politically wise, and at the end of his term as dictator, he offered to return all his powers to the Senate, which won the high trust and support of the senators, and gave him the title of 'Augustus'. ”

"When it comes to political wisdom," Li Xiang said, and stopped.

Both of them felt a thick killing force coming from behind them.