Chapter Seventy-Six: The Law of Military Training
Receiving the news that Wang Zhixin sent someone to report back quickly, Emperor Chongzhen finally relieved his heart. Pen Fun Pavilion www.biquge.info Emperor Chongzhen did this, of course, there are risks. What if Zu Dashou is transferred, what if the Liaoxi Corridor really can't be played, and what if the Ningjin defense line is really vulnerable.
However, no matter what, when Emperor Chongzhen thinks of the ending of the Liaodong battlefield in history, he still thinks that this risk is still worth taking.
After all, in history, Zu Dashou always fought against the Manchu Qing in Liaoxi, and the Manchu Qing finally entered the customs and destroyed the last Han dynasty. In that case, why not change it up and give it a try.
Today's Zu Dashou naturally did not have the intention of taking refuge in the Manchu Dynasty, but three or four years later for the first time, he was the only one who fled back, while his sons and nephews almost all surrendered to the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and took up the position of military general, fighting against the Ming army, it is difficult to say what Zu Dashou, as the chief soldier of Jinzhou at that time, thought in his heart.
Perhaps Emperor Chongzhen killed Yuan Chonghuan in history, which really chilled Zu Dashou's heart, but He Kegang, who was also Yuan Chonghuan's favorite general, did not succumb to death because of this, and would rather die than surrender.
So in the final analysis, in the face of surrender or loyalty, at the last moment, Zu Dashou's choice was to surrender.
In this time and space, of course, Yuan Chonghuan will not be unjustly killed, but just in case, it is better to transfer the family of the ancestor led by him from Liaoxi, and let them deal with the thieves, so that they will not surrender to the thieves in the future.
In February of the first year of Chongzhen, it was still colder than in previous years, but the cold weather finally showed signs of warming, the sun in the sky had a temperature, there were some stubborn grasses in the corners of the walls, and even their heads appeared, and spores bulged out on the branches of poplars and willows. In short, spring is slowly approaching Gyeonggi.
The major construction sites in Tongzhou, Zunhua and Zhuozhou are still in full swing and busy. Wang Zheng and Xu Ji sent people to Fujian and Guangdong to buy potatoes, sweet potatoes, and corn varieties, and they also returned one after another, and in a few months it was time for seedling planting, and the nursery of the Agricultural Institute was also very busy.
Xu Guangqi was also responsible for preparing for the major event of Kaienke in March, so he could only spare time to go to Tongzhou for guidance.
Tens of thousands of newly recruited young miners, under the leadership of more than 2,000 original iron smelting craftsmen, started work in the periphery of Baiye City, north to Ma Lanyu and south to Yutian, Fengrun and other places.
The original 28 iron-making furnaces of the Baiyecheng Iron Works were successively ignited and smelted. The cement and concrete firing personally assigned by the emperor also made a breakthrough under the arrangement of Li Banghua and under the supervision of the newly established Ministry of Industry, Mining and Metallurgy.
The finished Sanhe soil, plus the ground iron ore, is ground into the furnace together, and then gypsum is added after high temperature firing, and then ground into powder, mixed with an appropriate amount of water, and then hard as iron after condensation and drying.
When the news of the success of the firing came, Emperor Chongzhen was naturally very happy, and immediately ordered to give meritorious service and heavy rewards to the officials and craftsmen of the Mining and Metallurgical Department who participated in the firing, and the officials were promoted to one level and rewarded with one hundred taels of silver, and the craftsmen were all rewarded with fifty taels of silver, and at the same time set up a cement factory, built a wide kiln, and fired on a large scale.
In addition, charcoal factories that burn charcoal and coal coke factories that make coke have also started one after another. Li Banghua proudly said in his report to the emperor that the smoke around Baiye City covered the sky, especially at night.
Emperor Chongzhen, who has a soul of later generations, can only smile bitterly when he sees this, and the smoke and haze that the people around Gyeonggi hate in later generations are now a symbol of advanced industry and prosperity of all industries.
Everything is going on in an orderly manner. However, what Emperor Chongzhen is most worried about now is the method of military training. Qi Jiguang's military book is very clear, and there are also military training records that can be referenced, but he doesn't want to copy it completely. Qi Jiguang's method of training is not bad, but it is too time-consuming.
Although Qi Jiguang's training method is already the best art of war in the Ming Dynasty, he still has not gotten rid of the tactics of the cold weapon era, all kinds of complex battle formations cooperate, and the training requirements for soldiers are too high, and now Emperor Chongzhen plans to let the soldiers recruited by the Zhuozhou battalion are all young and strong people from the homeless people, and it will take me to train to the standard of the Qi family army back then. This is obviously not going to work.
What Emperor Chongzhen needed was a quick fix. First of all, there must be a place for the homeless people to get rid of the habits of the homeless people and become a warrior. This is the reserve camp of the new army in Zhuozhou, and in the future it will become a place where all the non-commissioned officers of the new army complete their basic training, and become a soldier factory like an assembly line, and a homeless young man will be recruited into it, and after three or six months, a new sergeant with a considerable sense of discipline and tactical quality will come out. Here, there is no need to learn complex formations, no need to master professional skills, and there are only two things that need to be repeatedly trained, that is, physical fitness and discipline.
Physical training doesn't need to be too complicated, just run, just run the specified mileage within the specified time. Discipline depends on queues and batons. In Emperor Chongzhen's vision, the new army will be equipped with a large number of muskets in the future, the first is the arquebus that is more common in the Ming Dynasty today, but the next step is to gradually prepare the front-loading flintlock smoothbore, and perhaps one day in the future will be equipped with the rear-loading flintlock rifled gun.
No matter what kind of muskets they are equipped with, musketeers will be an important force in the new army, and platoon training is of course crucial for a musketeer.
Even if the new army adopted a mixed mode of hot and cold weapons at the beginning, the queue was still important, such as the spear formation like the stone pillar white pole soldiers, although the requirements for the soldiers were not much, but its queue quality and discipline concept were absolutely decisive.
What Emperor Chongzhen wanted to refer to was the tactics of the European warlords in this era. In Europe in the early 17th century, it was also an era of transition from cold weapons to hot weapons, and the most classic method of warfare was the spear phalanx invented by the Spaniards in the late 16th century. A standard pikemen phalanx, about 3,000 men, is mainly composed of two arms, one pikemen and one musketeers.
The pikemen were armed with spears three or four meters long, somewhat similar to the "Zhangba spear" that was legendary by the ancient Chinese. A pikemen phalanx of three thousand people, pikemen of about two thousand, they are the main force of the pikemen. The musketeers numbered about a thousand, mainly to provide protection for the two flanks of the pikemen.
The musketeers of this era, even in Europe, were arquebusiers. They were distributed in the four corners of the pike, covering the two flanks of the phalanx. Originally, a phalanx of spears was also equipped with sword and shield men, armed with a giant shield in one hand and a sword in the other, to provide close protection for the pikemen when the enemy used a bow and arrow, or when the enemy rushed to them.
Later, however, the performance of the arquebus improved dramatically, and the melee protection was provided by more arquebusiers, so the sword and shield soldiers or sword and shield soldiers disappeared.
But for the Ming army, because the enemy they will face in the future is the Eight Banners who are equipped with a large number of archers and proficient in cavalry and archery, so the sword and shield hand or sword and shield soldier is still very necessary.
As for the artillery battalion and the cavalry battalion, they are all needed, and this is a sharp weapon for the offensive. The role of the spear phalanx is more about defense. Cavalry and artillery were mainly used for offensives. However, this kind of further training plan is not something that the new army reserve battalion in Zhuozhou can consider. Their main function is to transform a farmer into a soldier who can understand military orders and obey them absolutely through three months of purgatory-like training.
So now, what Emperor Chongzhen needs to consider is to provide a basic drill for the training of the new army battalion. Emperor Chongzhen gave Sun Chengzong the task of compiling the new army drill code.
After the end of the great court meeting on the fifth day of the second lunar month, Emperor Chongzhen summoned the British ministers Zhang Weixian and Sun Chengzong, as well as Sun Yuanhua and Mao Yuanyi, who were working in the military aircraft department, and at the same time, through Xu Guangqi and Sun Yuanhua, he recruited the Spanish Jesuit missionary Pang Di'e, who was more familiar with the Spanish phalanx, as well as the German missionary John Tang and the Italian missionary Xiong Sanba, who were familiar with the tactics of the European army today.
Emperor Chongzhen first asked Pang Di'e and others in public, about the situation of the European spear phalanx, after listening to Pang Di'e, Tang Ruowang, Xiong Sanba's explanation, and then talked about some of his own ideas, in this regard, several missionaries present are very agreeable, but Zhang Weixian, Sun Chengzong and others have some different opinions.
In Zhang Weixian's view, the most important thing for a soldier is martial arts, especially the ability to ride and shoot. Although Sun Chengzong is inclined to firearms, he prefers the car artillery battalion and hopes to pay more attention to artillery, Sun Yuanhua and Mao Yuanyi of course also agree with Sun Chengzong's idea, that is, they want to train a new army like Qi Jiguang's army according to Qi Jiguang's training method.
In the end, under the insistence of Emperor Chongzhen, the ministers attending the meeting of the Military Aircraft Department finally decided that the new army drill code is divided into two stages: basic drill and professional drill, and the basic drill will be done according to the emperor's words, and the professional drill will be subdivided into pikemen, musketeers, vehicle artillerymen, archers and cavalry.
The rules for the conduct of archers were led by the British Gong Zhang Weixian, who advocated the large-scale practice of cavalry archery. The rules of the pikemen phalanx were to be carried out by the Spanish missionary Pondie. The detailed rules of the conduct of the musketeers were in charge of Sun Yuanhua, Tang Ruowang, and Xiong Sanba. The detailed rules for the operation of the car and artillery battalion were in charge of Sun Chengzong and Mao Yuanyi.
All the drill books had to be written within two months, because by May, the planned lecture hall might be opened. The first group of people to be trained according to the new army's drill code were the first batch of students in the martial arts hall.