Chapter 126: Iron and Blood Change the Disadvantages of One Citizen and Two Soldiers
During this period, although the formation and training of security brigades in various localities was the top priority, it was also quite important to clean up the land that had been encroached upon by the thousands and hundreds of security posts.
Many people say that the Ming Dynasty collapsed because of the financial crisis, and the establishment of the township office in the past to collect commercial taxes is just open source, but in addition to open source, more important is the need to throttle.
Some time ago, someone commented in ancient times, how unfortunate the people of the Ming Dynasty are, the people of a country have to raise two armies, so how can the people not be poor? How can such an army not be treated cheaply? In this way, how can the army have sufficient logistical support to keep it safe inside and outside?
Zhu Yuanzhang founded the country and pulled out 2-3 percent of the land in the world for the use of the guards, hoping that the guards would be able to fight in a few tuntians and a few conquests, and the country would be exempted from the pain of hard labor.
But the ideal is very full, and the reality is very skinny, since the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, many guards have fled, and they have become homeless, so not only can not meet the salary and food of the guards, can not fight.
In order to defend against foreign enemies and suppress the rebellion, since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the whole country began to recruit soldiers, and recruited soldiers at several times the salary of the guards.
What is even more absurd is that although the scholars and doctors of the whole country knew that the guards could not fight, they did not reform the system of the guards, nor did they take back the land that was swallowed by those wealthy families and the generals of the guards, accounting for two or three percent of the country's plastered land.
In this way, since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, in order to recruit soldiers, the imperial court and local officials have continued to apportion and recruit soldiers, so that the common people of the Ming Dynasty have raised two kinds of soldiers with one people, and everyone is overwhelmed.
This is also the reason why in the face of the rising Jurchens in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, in addition to Yang Hao's organization of a four-way conquest, he was unable to organize a large army to recover the lost territory in the following decades.
In the past few years, Yang Lin has slowly realized the harm of the coexistence of guards and recruitment, and now that he is in charge, of course he must abolish this phenomenon.
Qian Bangxin came to Guang'an Prefecture by boat, and Li Shikai, the governor of Guang'an, and Liao Qifang, the commander of the garrison and the 4th battalion, came to see him, and everyone sat together to discuss the situation of the Guang'an Thousand Households.
Early the next morning, Qian Bangxin, Li Shikai of Guang'an Zhizhou, Liao Qifang, the garrison and others came to Qianwei.
Qianwei is located in Zhushanzhai, although it is in disrepair, but from a distance, Qianwei still looks quite majestic, all the way the road is paved with bluestone, the instrument gate is five or six zhang high, can be six carriages pass at the same time.
In the Ming Dynasty, there were two systems implemented at the local level, one was the local government, and the other was the guard system, just like the Xinjiang Construction Corps and the Yunnan Construction Corps in the previous life.
Far away, Liu Tongchun, the head of the thousand households, stood outside the Yimen with a hereditary Bai Zong, waiting for everyone to come, Qian Bangqi walked out of the sedan chair, and ignored everyone, came to the lobby of the thousand households and sat down.
Qian Bangqian snorted coldly, glaring at everyone: "Back then, Hong Wuye set up the guard system to ensure local tranquility, but you Guang'an thousands of households are good, and the flow of Kou into Sichuan, the Sichuan governor Chen Shiqi's order to transfer troops fell on deaf ears.
Ma Yuan's interest rate department attacked Guangzhou Prefecture, and your Guang'an Qianhu Institute did not have any resistance, basically fled in despair, Liu Qianzong, are you guilty? ”
Liu Tongchun snorted coldly a few times, shook his head and said: "My lord has been an official in the local government for many years, and he is also the imperial history of the imperial court, so you should know the situation of the guard." Since the Zhengde period, the health center system has gradually declined, and now it exists in name only.
Grandpa Gao set up a total of more than a dozen guards in Sichuan, and how many people rose up to oppose this invasion? ”
Garrison Liao Qifang shook his head angrily and said: "In this way, the system of this guard has already decayed, in this case, why do you still have the position of hereditary position of thousands of households in Guang'an?" ”
As soon as he mentioned the thousands of households in Guang'an, Liu Tongchun's momentum came up, and he arched his hand to the north and said: "This is the blessing of my ancestors, I think that my ancestors followed my grandfather to fight in the south and the north, because of the hereditary Guang'an thousands of households."
The old man has no choice, he is hereditary by Wanli Ye, this thousand household positions, what's the matter, don't you like it? ”
Liao Qifang pressed the handle of the knife with his hand, stared at Liu Tongchun's eyes and said: "Back then, Gaozu Ranger and other hereditary guards just hoped to raise millions of male teachers for the imperial court without spending a penny of the imperial court.
On that day, Gaozu allocated the land to you according to the method of 30 acres of land, and now since you can't raise an army for the imperial court, then hand back the land given by Gaozu that day, and the imperial court will immediately find loyal people who are willing to pacify the rebels and Tartars. ”
Liu Tongchun was secretly frightened, the following hundred total people couldn't sit still one by one, the establishment of the Guang'an Thousand Households Imperial Court was given 30,000 acres of fertile land, but after several generations of management, coupled with the flight of military households, these fields are now under everyone's name, if the fields are called out like this, it is even more uncomfortable than killing yourself.
A hundred generals shouted: "This, this land is given by Gaozu, you a garrison actually dares to take back the land given by Gaozu, is it the opposite?" ”
Everyone followed and shouted, Liao Qifang pressed the handle of the knife with his right hand, and glared at everyone angrily: "This guard asks again, will you call out the land of your greedy ink?" ”
Hearing the rumors, the tenant farmers in the surrounding towns and villages had already heard the wind and moved, and everyone helped the old and the young to run over, some watched the excitement, and some listened to the rumors and wanted to protect their farmland.
Seeing that more and more people gathered around him, Liu Tongchun became interested and shouted loudly: "Fellow villagers, the land of Guang'an Weisu was given by Gaozu, and these few people who don't know where they came actually want to take back the land given to us by the imperial court, do you think it's okay?"
In this way, the land that he had cultivated well was taken back by others, and although the rent on the land cultivated in the name of the military household was a little less than that of the tenant farmers, it was taken back in this way, and no one would agree to it.
The crowd was excited, some people held weapons, and more people raised hoes and steel drills in their hands, shouting loudly, and resolutely refused.
Liao Qifang raised his hands and signaled everyone to be quiet, but why did everyone come to make trouble in the first place, how could they listen?
Everyone shouted loudly to each other, one after another, one after another.
Taking the simple horn from a guard, Liao Qifang put it on his lips and said loudly: "Ladies and gentlemen, this official doesn't care whether your ancestors have been military or not, but according to the regulations of the Ming Dynasty, you are all military households now.
Now that the rogue is rampant, and Houjin has also been killed in Hanzhong, since you are a military household, the official will draw 500 men from the middle of it to be soldiers in accordance with the regulations of the Ming Dynasty, and the other 500 men need to pay the military salary of the 500 men who are soldiers. ”
Everyone was greedy and cheap to cultivate the land of the health center, mainly compared to the ordinary agricultural land outside, the land rent of the health center was cheaper.
Now I heard that half of the men should be soldiers, and half of the remaining ones would help support the wives and children of the others.
Because the guards are different from the recruits, the guards are paid by the guards during the war, unlike the recruits, who are paid one by one, and there is no compensation after they die in battle.
Everyone complained one by one, many people cried repeatedly, they were just ordinary croppers, and they had no training at all, and now they let everyone go to the battlefield to die, and just like the guards in the past, they didn't want to do anything.
Seeing that everyone was arguing, Liao Qifang pointed to a few old and frail people in the crowd and asked to join the army immediately, these people were so frightened that they hurriedly knelt on the ground, saying that they were just homeless people, and now they were renting thousands of land.
Compared with the land of ordinary landlords, the land of Juntun is fertile, the land is concentrated, and the harvest is guaranteed, but everyone pays no less than renting seeds, and pays land to the total amount of land according to the fixed rent, and there is a load of grain per mu every year.
According to different personal circumstances, Liao Qifang asked everyone to stand separately, so that only about 1 percent of the original military households, another 2 percent were confiscated for committing crimes, and the vast majority of them were just ordinary tenant farmers who rented thousands of fields and hundreds of total fields.
Liu Tongchun, the general manager of the Guang'an Thousand Households, turned pale, shook his head and said: "My lord, since the establishment of the Guang'an Thousand Households in the Hongwu period, this military household has fled a lot, and the whole country is the same, and my ancestors have also tried their best to maintain this thousand households." ”
Qian Bangxin frowned, although he heard that the health center system had long been corrupted, but what he saw today was far beyond what he imagined in the past.
With a wave of his hand, Qian Bangxin let those who had participated in the training in the past two years come out, but after shouting for a long time, except for the guards around Mr. Qian and Mr. Bai, everyone else muttered vigorously, they were just farming, no different from ordinary farmers.
Some even complained that every year, everyone paid the military rations on time, and if they didn't obey the slightest bit, or the number was a little less, these thousands and hundreds of generals came with their own soldiers to urge rent, forcing everyone to flee the famine.
The Ming Dynasty implemented the division of military households and civilian households, and the military households fled from the famine and were caught back to punish serious crimes, and everyone said frankly that although they were tenants under the hands of the thousand and hundreds of generals, they were much worse than the tenants of the landlord's house.
Seeing that these lowly military households dared to publicly expose everyone in order to avoid joining the army, although they raised their hands and surrendered without resistance before the (Onishi) rogues came, some of the hundred generals boasted of their hereditary identity one by one, and accused these military households of not being the same.
Besides, most of the land of ordinary landlords is in hilly areas, and the land like the guard is in patches, which is convenient for cultivation, fertile land, and guaranteed in drought and flood?
And for fear of being conscripted into the army, some bold military households stood up to protest, renting thousands of land for cultivation, and renting land for landlords' families is also farming.
Now the war is in chaos, the land is very wasted, the government encourages the official tun, the people, the landlords also need tenants to cultivate, as long as everyone has the strength, as long as they can survive in this troubled world, nothing else matters.
Seeing that everyone was tense and accusing each other, and did not take the officials and soldiers in their eyes at all, Li Shikai, the governor of Guang'an, said angrily: "You have said so much, the old man understands it."
Guards? What kind of guard, you thousands and hundreds of generals swallowed up the land of military households, and one by one they became big landlords, and all of these military households became your legal slaves and tenant farmers under you.
You say that you have military training, but the training is only these thugs who help you collect rent, like those big families, which family has no thugs? ”
The people shouted their grievances one after another, and the military households wept over and over again, saying bluntly that they were not even as good as ordinary tenant farmers, and that everyone fled the famine if there was a slight accident, and a few military households actually fled to rent the landlord's land a few months ago.
Qian Bangxin, Li Shikai, Liao Qifang and others glanced at each other, and immediately announced:
Depose all the general and hundred general positions of the Guang'an Thousand Households
All the land under the jurisdiction of the thousand households was confiscated and used as official land
Thousands of generals and hundreds of generals paid compensation for the military rations forcibly requisitioned in the past three years
All military households are exempted from household registration and converted to civilian households
The houses of military households belong to themselves, and each male is rewarded with 2 acres of land
…..
Seeing that he not only lost the honor of the hereditary thousand generals, but the land that his ancestors had finally seized by ingenuity was confiscated by the government in this way, and he also had to pay compensation for the military rations levied in the past three years, Liu Tongchun could no longer sit still, he stood up and claimed that he was the hereditary commander of the thousand households in Guang'an, and he was under the command of the capital, and under the management of the imperial court, and the government had no right to govern.
Liu Tongchun relied on his martial arts, and even overturned the official who was going to bring shackles to him, and his words were threatening, whoever dared to abolish the system of the guard, who dared to confiscate the fields of the guard, he would fight with the other party.
Seeing Liu Tongchun so arrogant, Qian Bangxin couldn't hold back anymore, and loudly accused Liu Tongchun of receiving the emperor's favor and not wanting to repay it, and now he is so openly slandering the government.
After seeing Qian Bangqi angry, Liao Qifang remembered Yang Lin's entrustment, waved his hand, and rushed out more than a dozen soldiers on the side, quickly subduing Liu Tongchun and several rebellious officers.
When he saw the officials of the guard station who were escorted over, he asked if he obeyed the new rules of the government, as long as he dared not say a word, the guards around him raised their knives and killed them immediately.
Seeing that the invincible hereditary Qianzong Liu Tongchun was killed, the other officials of the guard station were frightened one by one, and everyone was silent, and they didn't dare to resist at all.
In the midst of cheers, Liao Qifang announced that the large 100 households would be changed into townships, and the small 100 households would be transferred to other townships, and the names of the heads of each township would be newly established to form rural grassroots organizations to clean up the land occupied by the 100 general managers and clean up the household registration.
Hearing that the government exempted everyone from the status of a military household, and that each adult male and female could get two acres of land, and that the other fields were cultivated according to the official fields, everyone cheered one by one.
Qian Bangqi's face was pale, and after everyone left, he repeatedly blamed Liao Qifang for being reckless, how could he kill people in public, and what if there was a civil uprising?
I didn't think so, but Liao Qifang apologized again and again, and tried to let Qian Bangqian do a good job in the reorganization of the guard, which was established by Gaozu Zhu Yuanzhang.
In fact, Qian Bangqi also had no way to take Liao Qifang, and vaguely felt that all this was planned by Yang Lin in secret, but what can be done now?
After thinking about it all night, Qian Bangxin still lived in Qianhusuo with a team of guards according to the previous plan to supervise the abolition of the guard system, but on the other hand, he wrote a letter to advise, hoping that Yang Lin would not be so careless.
Although these guards are hateful, and it is not indispensable to eliminate the evils of the guards through an iron-blooded policy, a few heads fall to the ground in a blink of an eye, which is not the work of a righteous gentleman.