Chapter 44: The Battleship Grows in the Water
The Changshui is a Swedish-built modified Galen, the ship is very new, with a length of 36 meters without the first mast, a maximum width of 9.8 meters, a draft of 4.3 meters, and a displacement of more than 700 tons. Sweden is rich in oak resources, and as an ocean-going armed merchant ship, the Swedes extravagantly used a large number of oak timber, and the whole ship was heavy and strong.
The hull is painted in yellow and the outboard waist is black. The overall design is biased towards the British style, with a U-shaped bottom between a V-shaped bottom and a flat bottom. The V-shaped bottom sea surface has good maneuverability, good rudder effect, fast ship speed and slow roll frequency; However, the center of gravity is relatively high relative to the height of the keel, and the roll amplitude is large, and it is easy to capsize in high sea conditions. The design close to the flat bottom is the opposite of the V-shaped bottom, with a small roll amplitude, fast roll frequency, easy seasickness, slow speed, and poor maneuverability.
The performance of the British's U-shaped bottom is between the two, which is relatively modest, and is suitable for large warships.
Similar to the general Galen of this era, in order to strengthen the longitudinal load-bearing structure, there are stiffeners on the outside of the ship, that is, the outer waist plate of the ship. The waist plate that goes up along the stern gives the whole ship a more pronounced spontane. The bow is also in a more pronounced arc shape.
In the future, cruisers the size of the Changshui would often have their stern towers removed, and the entire ship was designed with a flat deck. The outboard waist plate runs parallel to the hull deck, further strengthening the longitudinal structure. But now, since the gun deck could not be as rounded as the outboard waist plate, the horizontal gun deck would cut the stiffeners of the outboard waist plate in the outer wall.
The arc-shaped bow of the ship allowed the bow of the Changshui to have 4 guns pointed outward, and could not concentrate the maximum firepower on the side for a salvo.
In a dozen years, Europe will enter the era of artillery warfare on the battle line, and these backward characteristics of Galen determine that it will soon be eliminated.
Another backwardness of Galen is that the bow beak is low and straight. There was no way to change the structure of the hull, but he changed the bow beak to an arc-shaped upturned shape in the modification, which could enhance the boat's wave-breaking performance.
At the front of the mast system of the Changshui is the bow mast, which has a transverse girder on the bow mast. A side is hung between the underside of the transomster and the bow beak to lift the bow sail.
The foremast and mainmast are of the same structure, except that the mainmast is thicker, and the two masts are the bottom mast, the middle mast, and the upper mast connected in sections from bottom to top. If it is a battleship of several thousand tons, there will be a top mast above the upper mast, and a ship the size of the Nagasui does not need it. On each mast there are transoms for hanging sails.
The improvement that Chen Shouxu made here was to replace the mainsail of the foremast and mainmast from a bottom truss sail to a middle truss sail. Because the wind closer to the sea surface is more likely to cause turbulence, the wind direction at high altitudes is more stable. However, if the center of gravity of the upper truss is used as the mainsail of the vessel, it is too high, so the middle truss sail is a better choice. And because Chen Shouxu was accustomed to the swiftness of the Tempest, in order to increase the speed of the Changshui downwind, he added retractable wings to the fore, the bottom of the mainmast, and the middle boom to both sides.
The trail mast is like the Tempest, the jib is replaced with an oblique truss sail, and the crosssail of the trail mast only has the upper and middle truss sails, which do not need to be changed.
Between the masts, in order to assist in the operation of the ship, Chen Shouxu added a multi-sided schooner. Among them, the first mast is hung with a three-sided cable sail, a two-sided cable sail between the mainmast and the foremast, and a cable sail between the mainmast and the aftermast.
The rudder system of the Changshui was still the same as that of other ships at this time, with a rudder stick and no steering wheel. The rudder extends into the aft deck and steering takes place on the aft deck. The rudder has only 7 degrees of steering on one side, so the steering of the boat must be assisted by the sail.
The sails of the whole ship can be said to be armed to the teeth, ahead of Europe for more than half a century. But the trade-off is that the entire ship's rope system is very complex and requires a lot of manpower.
Starting from the highest point, the Changshui has five floors, including the stern deck, the open foredeck and aft deck, the upper deck, the lower deck and the cargo hold.
The aft deck is open and the load-bearing structure is weak, except for four swing guns on the bulwark. The aft deck was the roof of the officer's cabin, and Chen Shouxu did not leave much room for himself, so he demolished part of the original stern. The rest of the aft cabin was divided into two parts by him, the captain's quarters occupied the smaller part, and a bed was placed along the longitudinal length of the ship, and the rest was a table and a cabinet sufficient. The large part is the officer's dormitory, and more than Chen Shouxu's room is a round table in the center of the aft cabin. This round table is actually the rudder shaft cover of the rudder. Reflecting the treatment of officers is that there are two officer toilets on each side of the tail cabin, which is the first time for Chen Shouxu that he has enjoyed a separate toilet in such a long time.
Below the aft deck is the aft deck, which is actually on the same level as the foredeck. The two decks are hollow between the foremast and the mainmast, connected by an aisle close to the bulwark on both sides. The foredeck was not long, and the winches for lifting the anchors on both sides were laid down, since the side stings of the mast were fastened to the bulwarks by three-eyed grimaces, and the space was limited, with only 2 gun doors opened.
Four longboats were erected in the hollow between the fore and aft decks. On the aft deck, there are four gun doors, one of which is located in the stern, next to the officers' beds. The fore and aft deck guns were 8-pounder cannons.
The most prominent bow of the hull has a toilet built into the beak, 2 squatting positions in the open air, and 2 squatting positions with a roof, which are generally used by soldiers. When the wind and waves are strong, you have to endure the splashing waves while squatting in the pit, which can be very uncomfortable in cold weather.
Below the fore and aft decks was the ship's first continuous deck from bow to stern, which was also the battleship's main fire output gun deck. There were nine guns on each side, three of which were powerful 24-pounder cannons near the mainmast. If given a choice, Chen Shouxu originally wanted to buy the powerful 24-pounder Koflin cannon, but Littmanning would not sell it, and was only willing to provide a cannon with a multiplier diameter of two-thirds of the cannon. On the gun deck, in addition to the 24-pounder cannon, there were 12-pounder guns, and the effective range of the two was close.
According to the design of the original Swedish ship, the gun deck, the freeboard of the Changshui, was 1.7 meters above the sea surface. However, after Chen Shouxu's refit, the sail and heavy guns increased the draft of the hull, and the freeboard was only 1.4 meters above the sea. This means that in some high sea conditions, the gun doors of the gun deck will not be able to open.
In addition to the gun, there were two winches on the gun deck. The mast halyard extends through the hollow position between the fore and aft decks, and the upper and midst masts of the mainmast and foremast can be raised and lowered with a winch. Because the rear mast is relatively thin, it can be directly lifted by manpower.
It stands to reason that the stern cabin on the sail warship is actually the most comfortable on the first continuous deck, but in order to maximize the use of space, Chen Shouxu moved to the upper stern by himself, leaving the aft cabin of the gun deck to the officer candidates on board. They, like ordinary sailors, had to sleep in hammocks on the cannons. In the stern were two 8-pounder tail guns for the protection of the Chrysanthemum.
Below the gun deck is the lower deck, which is actually below the waterline. This is the ship's galley, spare ship material store, medicine store, infirmary, carpenter's workshop. Because it is below the waterline, there is also a partition wall between the outboard and the hull, in which is a narrow carpentry passage to plug the leakage.
Below the lower deck were ammunition depots and cargo holds, which contained food, fresh water, wine, and fuel. There are also countless rats and cockroaches here.
Beneath the cargo compartment is the nightmarish bilge, which is so low that one can only go in on his stomach, loaded with ballast stones and spare cannons. The deck design of the ship is slightly high in the middle and slightly low on the sides. In this way, all kinds of sewage flows into the bilge through the hole in the side of the ship, and the bilge emits a hellish stench for many years.
There are three human-turned, chain-type pumps on board. One leads directly to the sea, which is used to extract seawater to scrub the deck, and can also be used to extinguish fires during battles. The other two are connected to the lowest ditch in the whole ship and are used to drain water outboard. If the ship is not maintained, maggots grow on the bottom of the ship, or cracks in the planks of the ship, and seawater seeps, these two pumps have to run day and night to keep the ship afloat.
The Changshui was originally a trophy ship for pirates, but for the pirates who grabbed the ship, the ship was too big, and it was originally slow. It was customary for them to tow the ship back to the base to be used as a floating battery or simply burn it on the spot, but the pirates felt that the ship's oak was too wasteful, so they towed the ship to Curacao and sold it to Litmanning.
Chen Shouxu bought the ship, and the cost of refitting and all the guns and supplies, including spare guns, cost a total of 9,000 pounds, and it was already possible to build two brand new cruisers in Europe. The pirate credit union's silver reserves accumulated from previous robberies were empty.
The pirates originally complained about Chen Shouxu's resolute purchase of the Changshui, but they didn't dare to say much because of the prestige brought by his winning streak. But when the Changshui was presented to them after all the modifications, all doubts disappeared. Pirates are also sailors, and having a powerful warship is the dream of all sailors.
The modified Changshui has changed beyond recognition compared to the prototype. The ship had a total of 32 guns, 6 24-pounder cannons, 12 12-pounder guns, and 14 8-pounder cannons. Three-masted full-sail, maneuverable in cross-sail battleships. Even taking into account the battleships that European powers might send, the Long Water is a top-notch presence in the entire Caribbean. A warship that is faster than the Changshui can't beat it, and a warship that beats the Changshui can't outrun it.
On the day of the last trial voyage of the Changshui, Chen Shouxu raised the blue Changshu flag on the foremast to show all the Dutch the mighty battleship, and the whole of Curacao became a sensation.
When he returned to port to recuperate, Litmanning boarded the ship and said to Chen Shouxu, "Mr. Captain, your modification is a miracle, and I regret selling this ship to you a little." I'll double the money, and the ship will be sold back to me, right? ”
Chen Shouxu smiled and said, "Your Excellency, please allow me not to agree. You know I have something very important to do right away, and the Changshui is the key to it. I just took this converted battleship with me, but I left you with all the design plans and shipwrights with modification experience, and you can do better on the basis of the Changshui. ”
Litmanning smiled happily, "Yes. Captain Orderly, you're right, I'm just kidding. It's been a pleasure to work with you, and there's always something unexpected going on. ”
Chen Shouxu is also in a good mood, "The cooperation is pleasant, and I deeply feel the same way." ”
"Mr. Captain. Hopefully we still have a chance to work together. ”
"There will be." Chen Shouxu stretched out his right hand, "Then, Your Excellency the Governor." Goodbye, time is running out and I must set sail right away. ”
"Goodbye. Beat the Spaniards hard. ”
The Changshui was towed out of the harbor by the longboat, and two sets of signal flags were raised on the mainmast, "Behind me, in a single column." ”
With the Changshui as the flagship and lead ship, the Storm and the Revenge formed a column and sailed north, Curacao getting farther and farther behind the fleet.