Chapter 39: Rifles
The officer mounted his horse and galloped straight to the direction of the infantry regiment from the hill watching the battle.
Officers wear brightly colored uniforms, which increases the sense of honor and makes it easier for soldiers to find their commanders on the battlefield filled with gunpowder.
Only Shou Zhi wore an ordinary gray chasseur uniform.
A whole squadron of full cuirassiers rode in columns.
Cuirassiers were heavy cavalry, with an average height of more than 175 cm and a height of more than 148 cm at the shoulder.
The polished cuirass was shining silver, and the officer's cuirass was gilded with a layer of gold, and a red ribbon was draped over the chest.
Each cavalryman was armed with a straight sword and a pair of flintlock pistols. The straight sword has a double-sided blade, a total length of 950mm, a width of 34mm, a thickness of 6mm, and a brass gauntlet.
A cavalry squadron with 2 companies of 2 platoons each, a total of 172 people. The width of each cavalry is about 1 meter on the left and right, and the distance between the front and rear is about 0.6 meters. Cavalry, like infantry, is based on a company-and-side formation, and all queue changes are based on the company-side formation. The squadron column marched in 4 platoons sequentially, each company with 2 rows of horizontal formations, and the frontal width was about 40 meters.
The cavalry was the least changed branch of the line tactics era. Feng. Angelis didn't have to worry that he would lose his job.
Angelis originally wanted to use a three-platoon cavalry formation, but Shou Lin refused without hesitation. The Federation cavalry was already small, and the battle line covered by three rows of horizontal columns was even shorter.
The three infantry battalions were formed into a close column for review, i.e., two companies were formed in front of each battalion, and each company was spaced at a distance of one-fourth of the width of the company.
Orderly horses rode through the ranks of infantry.
The smoke blackened the young face, sweat dripped down the chin, and the face was black and white.
The average height of the line infantry is 164 cm, and the tall ones stand in the front row and the short ones stand in the back row.
The average height of light infantry is 160 cm, and the average height of grenadiers is 170 cm.
The flag bearer and 2 escorts stood in front of the regiment with the regimental flag in hand.
The first regiment of the army has three battalions, each battalion has nearly 1,000 people, most of whom are children aged 16-18. Among them, the orphans who were rescued from the mainland in an orderly manner were the mainstay.
The Army's meat may not be enough, but there are enough fish and vegetable tubing, and the relatively adequate nutrition and training give the children lean but strong physique.
The order reined in the horse, and the horse man stood up. He took off his military cap, waved half a circle in the air, and said loudly to the new First Regiment of the Army.
"The soldiers of the 1st Regiment. I saw you coming like a torrent of mountains, and you knocked down and dispersed everything that stood in your way. Your parents will be so proud of you! Yes, soldiers, trust your officers, with your rifles and bayonets in your hands, we can conquer the world! ”
At this moment, it was as if they could see a fire burning in their eyes.
Behind Order, a cuirassier drew his straight sword and raised it into the sky.
"Hooray!"
The army was silent for a moment, and then all the soldiers raised their rifles with bayonets in the air.
"Hooray!" "Hooray!"
Shou Order's face turned red, and he kicked off the horse,
Walk up to the flag bearer.
The regimental flag, blackened by gunsmoke, fluttered in the wind, and the four corners of the flag were dotted with oak leaves, and in the center was a black golden eagle soaring with its wings outstretched.
Shou Xiang took the corner of the military flag and kissed it deeply.
……
The line infantry, which had completed its mission, disbanded, fired about 20 salvos today, marched 3 kilometers in formation, and returned to the camp to rest. The kitchen prepared a large piece of stewed whale meat, full of fat, to replenish the soldiers' strength.
3 companies of chasseurs remained at the training ground.
Unlike the line infantry, the chasseur company was more of a veteran, and the recruits were also immigrants from the interior. In the face of the endless Indochinese tigers and reticulated pythons, these immigrant hunters have developed good marksmanship in the struggle for survival against nature.
Orderly walked up to a chaser who stood straight. There is a white iris on the right chest of the military uniform, which indicates that he is an elite shooter.
The chasseurs wore gray uniforms, which were not as bright as the red uniforms of the line infantry.
The outfit was similar to that of the line infantry, with a total of five belts on their bodies, which were loaded with clothes, three days' worth of food, water bottles, mirrors, combs, hammers, a front and other miscellaneous items, as well as the indispensable rifles, ammunition and bayonets.
Each person had two spare shirts, two pairs of rubber-soled military shoes, and two pairs of military socks in their backpacks.
Because it is training, so the soldier brought all the bags, in the season of the Union itself, it is practical to bring so many clothes and shoes every day, compared to the standard military shoes, the soldier prefers to wear straw sandals, ventilation and ventilation.
Compared to arquebusiers, flintlock pissingers no longer had to carry a 1-mile arquebus, but their weight was not lightened, and the army tended to have soldiers carry the maximum amount of supplies to ensure that they could maintain combat effectiveness for a longer period of time with as few baggage horses as possible.
The total weight of a soldier is more than 30 kilograms, and it can be tiring to fight with such a heavy bag on his back.
More than a year ago, the 1st Regiment of the Army, which was still a test battalion, participated in the actual battle to conquer several small countries in the south.
Many soldiers discarded their backpacks during the battle, and it was certainly advantageous to lighten the load and go into battle in wartime. However, this caused a lot of trouble in the subsequent battles, because a considerable part of the discarded backpacks could not be found after the battle. As punishment, the Army asked the soldiers to buy back the equipment at their own expense.
"Show me your weapon."
"Yes, Führer."
Orderly opened the hunter's ammunition box, and there were a total of 60 rounds of fixed ammunition, 20 fewer than the line infantry, and there were two spare saltpeter inside.
The flint of the flintlock pistol is clamped to the hammer and has a thin, straight stone blade. The soldier pulls the trigger, and the stone blade scrapes against the anvil to produce a spark, and the anvil moves while being scraped, opening the lid of the medicine pool, and the spark ignites the gunpowder.
After flint is used many times, the stone blade becomes dull, and the ignition effect is poor, so flint is a consumable. Generally, a flint is beaten 30 times, and it is recommended to replace it.
The firing rate of the arquebus is generally 50%, and the firing effect of the flintlock pistol is better than that of the arquebus, and the results obtained by the army's current test show that about 7 percent of the flintlock pistol can be successfully fired at one time.
Like the line infantry, the bayonet used by the hunters was sleeved, which was distinguished by the way it was inserted.
The army experimented with many bayonet sleeves. In this era, it was certainly not possible to produce a bayonet with sufficient accuracy, and the connection between the sleeve bayonet and the barrel was also a big problem, and it was impossible to produce a sleeve that matched the barrel exactly, so some additional fixings were needed.
Various bayonets with elastic parts were phased out one after another, and the problems were poor reliability and high price.
There are two types of sleeves left.
The sleeve of the hunter's bayonet had a bolt with a clamp slot, which was turned and tightened after being put on.
The line infantry had a zigzag groove in the bayonet sleeve, into which the barrel crosshair was inserted, which was jammed with a collar rotation.
The army tried and tested and ordered the latter bayonet.
The sleeve bayonet used by the hunters was not of any additional benefit, but as a mass-produced competitor, the number of bolt sleeves was a bit large, and it was a pity to lose them, so they were distributed to the hunters who rarely participated in the bayonet charge.
The most special piece of equipment for the Elite Hunters is that rifle.
This is a rifled rifled rifle.
An iron ram was an important technical improvement under the gun, and European flintlock muskets and arquebuses used a wooden ram, which greatly limited the reload rate.
The iron pusher lever is currently only equipped by the Federation in the world, and this iron rod is very hard, weighing more than 1 catty, which increases the extra weight of the soldier, but compared with speeding up the reload, the disadvantages are not worth mentioning.
Like flintlock pistols, rifled guns are not a rarity, and rifled guns existed in Europe 1500 years ago. At that time, rifling was relatively shallow and straight.
Around 1550, a rifled gun fired from an arquebus fired in Europe cost slightly less than two sets of ordinary plate armor, and although it was expensive, it was not a great deal.
There are still a lot of rifled guns in Europe, and many wealthy hunters will buy one, which can double the efficiency of hunting.
Of course, European armies were also equipped with rifled guns, but they were not used as standard weapons, and they were few in number.
The Federal Army basically changed its flintlock pistol at the same time as the mainstream armies in Europe, this thing is not high-tech, and the gap is only in the level of craftsmanship. In comparison, thanks to Sanya's high-quality iron ore, which is wrought iron made from charcoal and refining furnaces, the barrel made is of better quality than most European products.
Rifled guns are different.
There are two problems with the fact that rifled guns have not become the mainstream equipment of the army in Europe.
The first is that the loading speed is too slow, in order to ensure that the bullet can rotate, the projectile must be embedded in the rifling, so the diameter of the bullet is larger than the inner diameter of the projectile, and the bullet must be hammered into place with a mallet when loading the bullet.
The second is that the rifling wears out quickly, and every stroke is hurting the rifling.
These two problems are not important to civilian hunters, but they are fatal to the military. It takes three or four minutes for a rifled gun to fire 1 shot, and at the same time the flintlock gun fires 8-10 volleys, which is disproportionate.
In response to this issue, some people have proposed amendments.
Since the goal is to wedge the lead projectile into the rifling, and the lead is very soft, keep the barrel caliber larger than the bullet, but reduce the last chamber, load the bullet and beat it hard with an iron strip, the lead bullet deforms and expands, and it can also stick to the rifling.
The design was simple and effective, and the reloading speed of the rifled gun was greatly increased, but with it another problem was that the deformation of the lead bullet was too sharp and irregular, which affected the accuracy of shooting.
Later, some soldiers melted lead to make the bullet into a cylindrical shape, which alleviated the problem of bullet deformation to a certain extent, but it was not solved. Moreover, the diameter of the front and rear of the barrel is different, and the processing is relatively difficult.
The army has changed its thinking, since it needs to deform the bullet, adding a short steel rod to the tail of the barrel with the same diameter before and after can also achieve the goal.
After the lead bullet is stabbed to the bottom, it is hammered hard, and the short steel rod is against the bullet, and the bottom of the bullet will be stretched open and close to the rifling, and the irregular change of the bullet is not so drastic and acceptable.
The rifle manufactured under the final scheme hit 20 rounds in the test of 100 rounds at a target target of 400 paces, 1.2 meters wide and 1.8 meters high. On average, every 10 rounds take 25 minutes.
At 200 moves, this score increases to 48 rounds, and the average time spent on every 10 rounds drops to 11 minutes.
In the firing of a 400-step-long, 10-meter-wide, 1.8-meter-high, and 3-centimeter-thick fir plank, 51 of the 100 shots hit, of which 26 penetrated, which shows that at a distance of 400 paces, the rifled gun still has relatively abundant lethality.
Such shooting results were staggering, and the Army quickly accepted rifled guns.
The smoothbore gun is very reliable, it is a weapon that can be passed down from home, and it is normal to shoot 10,000 rounds without problems.
The rifling is not good with rifles, the rifling is ablated by friction, and the steel rod in the rear of the barrel withstands the most impacts and does not have a high service life. And once this thing breaks, it's hard to fix.
The combination of price and reliability dictated that the smoothbore gun remained the main combat weapon of the Federal Army, and the rifle was only used to equip elite marksmen in light infantry companies, who fought more in skirmishers than in salvos.