Chapter 5: The Advent of the Quyuan Plow
Qi country, outside Linzi City, Baili Township.
Purple flags fluttered on the ridges of the fields, and thousands of elite troops tightly surrounded the middle of the several horse-drawn carriages, and the sound of horses' hooves and neat footsteps felt a little unusual in the silent field.
As Mitar called a halt, the carriage also stopped.
"Taifu and all the Qing family came with the widow." Tian Jian was wearing a plain white robe and said to the ministers behind.
Diao Bo wiped the sweat from his forehead, and followed Tian Jian's steps, he felt a little strange, what was the king going to do, calling the hundred officials from the court to the field.
"Look, what are the similarities and differences between the way these country people farm?" Tian Jian waved his robe and pointed at the people who were sowing seeds in the fields.
"This?" Mao Sui narrowed his eyes and observed carefully.
In front of them were two families, one slowly cultivating with a hoe, while the other was pulling a strange thing with an ox, and after passing by, it left a neat deep ditch.
Mink Bo also observed this, and he went to the field carefully, touched the brown soil, put his hand into the dragon pulled out by this strange thing, and said to himself, "Not shallow."
Then he walked a few more steps, came to the land cultivated by the people next to him, felt the difference between the two, and said: "Your Majesty, what is this strange thing, that it can pull out a hook that is about the same as manpower, but I don't know how fast it is, and how much it costs?" ”
"Its thing is called Quyuan plow, the speed is more than 20 times that of manpower, it can be pulled by people, it can also be pulled by oxen, of course, when the ox pulls it will be much faster, the practice of pulling pears with oxen has already existed in Wei State, but the wonder is in this Quyuan plow." Tian Jian said with a smile.
The Quyuan plow, also known as the Jiangdong plow, is a plough invented during the Tang Dynasty in China, and according to the Tang Dynasty man Tortoise Meng's "Leiyun Jing", the Quyuan plow consists of 11 parts made of wood or metal. Quyuan plough has been used until the Qing Dynasty, did not make great improvements, its principle is the use of machine-led mouldboard plough. Compared with the previous plough, the curved plow has several major improvements. First of all, the straight wheel, the long wheel is changed to the curved wheel, the short wheel, and the plow disc that can rotate freely is installed at the head of the wheel, so that not only the plow frame becomes smaller and lighter, but also is convenient for turning and turning, the operation is flexible, and the manpower and animal power are saved.
The plough of the Han Dynasty has been basically shaped, but the plough of the Han Dynasty is a long straight plough, and the turning is not flexible enough when ploughing the land, and the soil is laborious and the efficiency is not very high; Jia Sixian's "Qi Min Yaoshu" of the Northern Wei Dynasty mentions the long curved plough and the "Wei plow", but due to the unknown record, it can only be speculated that it is a short plough; At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the long curved plough further appeared. The advent of the flexible "Wei plow" and the emergence of the long curved plough laid the foundation for the final formation of the Jiangdong plow.
Its advantage is that the plow body can swing during operation, full of mobility, easy to plough, and light and flexible, conducive to rotation, suitable for the characteristics of small paddy field area in the south of the Yangtze River, so the short curved plough first appeared in the Jiangdong area.
The second is to increase the plough evaluation and plough construction, such as the promotion of the plough evaluation, can make the plough arrow downward, the ploughshare into the soil is deep. If the plough is raised, the plough arrow is upward, and the ploughshare is shallow when it enters the soil. The organic combination of plough evaluation, plough arrow and plough construction can adapt to the different requirements of deep ploughing or shallow tillage, and can standardize the adjustment of cultivated land depth, which is convenient for intensive cultivation. The plough wall not only breaks the soil, but also pushes the ploughed soil to one side, reducing the resistance of the plough forward. The Quyuan plough has a complete structure, is light and labor-saving, and is an advanced plough at that time. After the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, there was no obvious change in the structure of the plough.
"If this is the case, then it can be reclaimed in large quantities, and then the national strength of our Qi country will increase greatly." Mao Sui sighed.
In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the place of the Jin Kingdom was still a small Jiangnan, and there was no later black miasma in Shanxi, and the use of land by the people at this time was still very immature.
Is this the ancients who knew how to recycle?
Of course not, I've never seen a person who can't even eat enough to recycle!
The main reason why the ancients did this was that they did not have the ability to cultivate other land, generally speaking, twenty acres per person is the limit, but the yield of crops grown in twenty acres is incomparable with that of later generations.
"Yes, the widow is determined to spread this thing throughout the country, and to issue a law." Tian Jian nodded.
It is very necessary to push the Quyuan plough to the entire Qi country, the Quyuan plough uses ox power, which greatly dissolves the labor of the people, and can also increase the land reclamation, which provides a guarantee for the Qi country to increase the national strength.
What does the national strength look at, one is the population, the second is finance, and the third is food, why is Zhao anxious to replace Zhao Kuo to replace Lian Po in the Battle of Changping, it is not that Zhao has no food, Zhao Guo can compare with Guanzhong and Bashu of the "Land of Abundance".
In China, the lands of Guanzhong and Bashu have always been the richest, even better than Jiangnan.
Moreover, in the Warring States Period, the invention of Quyuan plough was not afraid of plagiarism by others, you must know that even ox ploughing was only available in the south during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and its invention was available in the Han Dynasty.
In ancient societies where information was extremely scarce, these inventions would not have been disseminated.
"Dare to ask the king, what is the law?" Mink asked.
"The widow has decided that the whole country of Qi cannot kill cattle from now on, unless they die of old age and disease, they cannot eat beef. Moreover, the Qi country must also have one cow for every ten households. Tian Jian said slowly.
"Yes, Your Majesty." Diao Bo nodded, seeing an artifact like Qu Yuan Plow, he understood that the current cattle were the country's reserve resources, and they could not be killed at will, because this was closely related to the grain production of Qi State.
"In addition, the people are encouraged to open up wasteland, and those who open up more than 100 acres of wasteland will be rewarded with ten gold, and half of the land will be privately owned, and the other will be owned by the state." Tian Jiandao.
Mink Bo showed a hint of embarrassment and said: "Your Majesty, except for a part of the people, some are slaves, and the rest of the land belongs to the nobles. In this way, it may cause national unrest. ”
Tian Jian sneered and said: "Han Aihou can use Shen Bu to change the law, and those Korean nobles are not an obstacle, but what is the result?" It's not that it has been suppressed, and now if the Qi country remains unchanged, how can it have the ability to compete with the other countries? ”
"This?" Mink's face became more and more ugly.
The change touched not the interests of one person, but the interests of the ruling class and nobles of the Qi State, just like the Qin State changed the law, and those old clans were unwilling to change the law, and they were finally beheaded by Qi Qi of 300 people in Baijia Village, which established the faith of the change of the law, and cut off the nose of Qin Xiaogong's eldest brother Yingqian, which established the majesty.
And the current Qi State, the original Zou Ji reform was only a tinkering with the concept of governing the country, and did not cause a major change in the class. Now it's still the rule of the aristocracy.