Chapter 45: The Man Left Behind
On January 29, 1494, King Ferdinand II of Aragon, on behalf of Queen Isabella I of Castile, signed the "Manhattan and Long Island Land Sale Treaty" with the Delaware Indian chiefs in North America, and purchased Manhattan and Long Island at the mouth of the Hudson River from the Indians in exchange for a box of stained glass beads and ten bottles of sherry, thus demarcating New York City and the province of New York that remained on the map at that time. Although there were some inconsistencies in the names and identities of the signatories, and in the process and manner of the transactions, this was the first time that Castile formally acquired territorial sovereignty from indigenous peoples, thus beginning the large-scale Spanish occupation of American territories.
Ferdinand decreed that January 28, the date the fleet arrives on Manhattan Island, be designated as Thanksgiving, "thank God for his grace," which is also the national day of the birth of the United Empire.
The troops of the Reclamation Corps who remained there included 920 soldiers, 50 officers, 70 sailors (below the rank of captain), 3 captains, 6 priests, and Alonso Córdoba, commander of the 1st Division of the Reclamation Corps and commander of the 1st Regiment (of course, even the commander is barely the commander now), a total of 1,150 men, and left behind 3 galleons and 3 small fishing boats, as well as various supplies, weapons, ammunition, including the most advanced revolver and flintlock pistol.
Ferdinand knew that the latitude of New York, about 40 degrees 42 minutes, was not suitable for growing sweet potatoes, but for corn as the main crop, and then planting spring wheat, rye, and oats. In fact, because of the good relations with the Delaware Indians and the fact that they could exchange or receive food and some supplies from the area at any time, there was little danger to the lives of the troops there, and it was unlikely that they would face food shortages. There are a lot of hares and turkeys on the mainland and islands, but there are a lot of edible plants, after all, the temperate forest area is there, the temperature in New York is also low, and it can freeze in mid-March, and there are relatively few mosquito breeds.
The Indians promised to help them, and as long as the Reclamation Corps was disciplined, they wouldn't get into trouble like Columbus's remaining crew.
But that wasn't enough to put Ferdinand at ease, knowing that the real test was in the north. This is not only the success or failure of a settlement, but also whether he can exclude the British and French colonial forces from the Americas.
The remaining 31 ships were more than one-third less manned, and received some supplies from the Indians, such as food and livestock, and stayed in New York for a short rest. Alonso Córdoba was temporarily appointed mayor of New York City and mayor of New York's reclamation district.
On February 1, 1494, the fleet left New York and headed north along the coast of North America.
On 4 February, the flotilla arrived in the bay of St. Lawrence.
"Your Majesty, is the Gulf of St. Lawrence really an estuary?" America, or everyone present, or even the Europeans of this era, were not mentally prepared for the vastness of the Americas. "If you hadn't told me, I would have thought it would have led to the oceans that connect China."
"Sailing northwest does reach Asia, but it is farther and more north than you think, about the same latitude as the fleet sent by the nobleman Koyapon of Muscovy." It is because of the fantasy of a shortcut to the Pacific Ocean, the map of the northern part of the Americas has not even been accurately drawn in the early 20th century, it seems that the Europeans are sometimes very romantic, and the pioneers of North America clinged to the ideal of the "Northwest Passage", and finally succeeded, reaching the north coast of Alaska, combined with Russian exploration, opening the lock of the Arctic Ocean.
"Huh? Your Majesty, how come I haven't heard that there are people sailing in Muscovy? Amerigo was surprised. Until the Great Northern War, the countries of western and even central Europe did not count the Russians as Europeans, and were surprised that they were able to sail.
"Blame you for not paying attention." Actually, it's useless to pay attention, that's what will happen next year.
"America is much more spectacular than you think, and South America has the largest river in the world...... All right! Americago, don't you look narcissistic when I say America, everyone will use this title in the future, and you won't faint laughing when the time comes......"
The flotilla turned and advanced to the east. Soon, on February 5, the fleet had arrived in western Newfoundland.
After a short stay, Ferdinand did not intend to rest, his goal was to the north of Newfoundland.
On 6 February, the fleet headed north. On the 7th, crossing the Belle Isle Strait between Newfoundland and Labrador and sailing cautiously close to the coast, Ferdinand also used a telescope to observe the landscape along the shore to see if there were any Viking villages. It is not difficult, first of all, the Viking Lance Oz Meadows are exactly at the northernmost point of Newfoundland, near 51 degrees 38 minutes north latitude, at the sharp corner of the Long Ridge Mountains to the west of Newfoundland deep into the Atlantic Ocean, and as you can see from the map, after crossing the strait with Labrador, it is quickly reached.
Sure enough, on the afternoon of 7 February, the fleet, Ferdinand to be precise, had found the only remnant of the Viking settlement on the North American continent, the Lanceoz Meadows. Later, at the behest of the King of England and financed by English merchants, the Venetian navigator John Capote, who also arrived at the northernmost tip of Newfoundland, also found the remains of the Vikings here, but did not particularly care, thinking that they were left by the aborigines.
The fleet anchored in a small bay on the coast, and Ferdinand and the soldiers of the second detachment set foot on the snow-capped land of Newfoundland, where only the frozen ground was still visible on the coast.
"This place, which has been abandoned outside the civilized world of Europe for 488 years, has given the island its name, Newfoundland, 'the newly discovered land.'" Who would have thought that this place, 500 years ago, was also a warm place rich in grapes? The Xiaoice period of all evil.
"The Lands of Ranceoz is a place full of legends," Ferdinand said with emotion, looking at the Viking ruins of the Lands of Landseco, "and that's not the whole picture. Come on, let's dig ......"
At least eight buildings have been excavated from the remains of the Landeoz Meadows, including a foundry, smelter, and lumberyard that supplied timber to the shipyard. The largest of these buildings covers an area of 28.8×15.6 meters and is divided into rooms. The textile tools excavated in the ruins indicate that the colony was inhabited by women at the time.
Of course, Ferdinand didn't come to archaeology, and he didn't think to dig up all the ruins, but by February 8, everyone was shocked by the early appearance of the ruins of the old era, as early as the Viking Age, there were already European settlements of this scale in the wilderness. If King Henry had made a voyage 500 years earlier, he might have been able to find the "Thorn Tung Quanzhou".
Ferdinand also found good news that the trout in this area, as Capote discovered, countless trout, can sometimes even hinder the navigation of ships. Although not as good as herring and cod in the Great Shoals of Newfoundland, there are quite a few of them, and making ends meet is not a problem. The environment on the island is actually not bad, and the biggest enemy is cold, not deprivation.
In addition, since the evacuation of the Vikings in 1006, the situation has changed several times, and the island's indigenous Algonian "barbarians" have also changed, and under the influence of various tribal cultures in North America, they have evolved into the more moderate Beotuk people, who also belong to the Algonquian language family. The Beotuk people were hospitable and not good at fighting, and by 1800 they had been killed by the British.
Ferdinand set up fishing boats to catch fish, built fortifications in the Lanceoz meadows, set up the banner of the Kingdom of Castile and the "Dougan Cross" of the Reclamation Corps, and sent expeditions to the inland woods and snowfields to capture some deer, as well as the extinct Newfoundland white wolves, and to make contact with the local aborigines. This was Ferdinand's special plan on the island of Newfoundland, focusing on the Beotuks' perhaps first hospitable, first incompetence, and lowest intelligence among Native Americans.
The Beotuks actually live on the coast as well. John Capote spotted the Beotuks on the southeast coast, but now they may be hunting in the forest, as Capote has historically faced, so they need to go a little further inland.
The expedition discovered the first group of natives in the foothills of the Long Ridge Mountains, and soon the Beotuk tribe knew that someone had come to the island where they lived.
The reaction of the Beotuks was - they met a good brother! They were as speechless as in history, and they came to greet them, saying that it was not that we didn't come to the shore to greet you, but that there was a problem with the fishing boats these days, so we went to the forest to hunt and engage in some gathering activities. Then they took out the white raccoon skins and otter skins to welcome the white people, and even though the white people gathered more and more throughout the history and covered the coast, they did not feel anything wrong.
Historically, conflicts have broken out, but the reason for the outbreak is that the British have issued a reward for the capture of the Beotuks. The Beotuks were honest and fled into the forest to gather for a living, and by 1800 they had been killed altogether......
There is such a big wrongdoer, if you don't cheat, you can't do it.
……
"Newfoundland is rich in water, covered with subarctic coniferous forests, well-developed podrites, a wide variety of animals, lakes and swamps. To obtain water in winter, you can dig a hole in the frozen creek or lake and draw water through this hole; After fetching water, cover the cave with a large piece of snow, a cloak, a plank or a box, and pile it with loose snow on top of it, so that the hole can be isolated and will not form a frozen ...... again" At the edge of the forest, Ferdinand was dancing and explaining that he was not in charge of communicating with the natives, and Fonseca could take care of everything.
Although Newfoundland is a rich land in terms of resources, the weather is cold, in fact, there is no way to do any farming, although it can grow spring wheat, but compared to fishing, gathering, hunting, it is inefficient. The role of the Reclamation Corps here is actually that of the Fishing and Hunting Corps.
Fonseca showed a high level of management, arranging for the second detachment to establish a medium-sized fortified fortress in the Lance Oz Meadows, while Amerigo led six large ships with small fishing boats to sail east and south around the island of Newfoundland, and found the Great Shoal of Newfoundland, a "fishing paradise", off the southeast coast of the island.
Amerigo described with shock and ecstasy at the astonishing number of cod in front of him: "There are so many cod here that you don't need to use a fishing net, just put a stone in the basket and sink it into the water and lift it up, and the basket will be full of fish." ”
Ferdinand informed them of the traditional fishing practices used in Newfoundland's waters throughout history, which continued to thrive until mechanized uncontrolled fishing destroyed Newfoundland fisheries, and finally in 1992 the Canadian government banned cod fishing in Newfoundland waters, but there was no way back.
According to Ferdinand, Amerigo was transported by the larger Clark to unload several small fishing boats farther offshore. There are two or three fisherman-turned-sailors in each small boat – specially prepared. They split up and cast their nets in the vicinity to catch fish. When the boat is fully loaded, it sails to the big boat, unloads the harvest in the hold, and then continues to cast the net. A small boat goes back and forth two or three times a day. After dinner, the crew will also marinate the fresh fish caught that day on the big boat. A few days later, Amerigo returned with a fleet full of ships and sailed back to the meadows of Lanceoz, shocking the people's jaws. Many sailors rushed to learn from their fellow fishers and tried to go out to sea to catch a handful. But fishing isn't quick either.
Two days later, Amerigo went out to catch a handful again, and the diet of the entire second detachment was guaranteed. The priest on board burst into tears and praised God's mercy, so that he could say goodbye to the pain of fasting, and he always felt a little powerless to spread the gospel hungry.
At the same time, Fonseca and others have been playing tricks on the indigenous Beotuk people.
The Beotuks are very kind to the Reclamation Corps, in addition to the Reclamation Corps being very polite and giving the Beotuks a lot of strange things, and because the flag of the Reclamation Corps is the "Dogen Cross Flag", the white thin-waisted lame hound is regarded by the Beotuks as their totem - the Beotuk Wolf (Newfoundland White Wolf).
Fonseca amazed the Beotuks by showing them advanced iron tools and knives to the natives, and then Fonseca told them that the people of the "Saguenay Kingdom" who had lived here had come to the east of the island and tried to send a large army to conquer it, and had formed an alliance with the Innu people on the opposite continent.
"The king of Saguenay has issued a bounty - kill a Beotuk and you will receive several domains, livestock, and money!"
Fonseca said this as Ferdinand instructed, and it was not a discredit to the English, anyway, it was like this in history.
"We know, a long time ago, that's what they've always been the way around! Those stinking and dirty fellows came to feast on us, but poisoned us, unlike you, who were clean and friendly......"
In fact, at that time, the Vikings really wanted to win over the aborigines, and they also served such good things as milk, but the aborigines were lactose intolerant - so it was tragic......
After ten days and a half of deception, as did the priests carrying the cross, the Beotuks believed that they were about to encounter a combined attack by the kingdom of Saguenay, now renamed "Khroran", and the Innu. And the Castilians and Aragonese came to help them. The Castilian suggested that they form a "Canadian province" in the "Spain" of the Castilian, Aragonese, and Algonquinian families, while Newfoundland was under the jurisdiction of a "city of Lanceoz", with Fonseca, the head of the Castile here, and the chief of the Beotuc, taking turns as mayor - of course, Fonseca's position as governor of Canada was ignored by them, and the Beotuks only knew that it was the city of Lanceoz that directly governed their island. Fonseca also offered to hire a group of Beotuks as fishermen and auxiliary soldiers, the Beotuks thought they were going to buy slaves, some poor Beotuks brought over their own children who could not support themselves, and some fishermen who could not survive - the fishing boat had recently broken down - came from the nets...... After explanation, it was learned that it was only for labor, going out to sea to fish, or answering the call to fight, and that you could get glass beads, wine, wheat, and milk (Ranseoz pasture + livestock = ...... And so on, without being restricted in their freedom, they all smiled.