As early as the 18th century, Montesquieu, a French Enlightenment thinker, wrote a macro work called "On the Spirit of Law" (originally known as "L'Esprit_des_lois"). Pen, fun, and www.biquge.info

The book was first translated into China by the late Qing thinker Yan Fu, but at this time the Chinese translation was still called "Fayi", and "On the Spirit of Law" was the translation name of the later version.

Zhou Hexuan wrote:

"Among the sons of the pre-Qin Dynasty, Legalism and Confucianism created two powerful forces, Confucianism advocated 'rule by etiquette' and 'rule by virtue', while Legalism advocated 'rule of law'. "Guanzi" once said: "There are no two measures, there are no two ways to govern, and the rule of law is just a measure". This means that as long as you don't have to do more than one government, you can just use the law, and you can easily govern the country like a gesture. It can be seen that as early as 2,000 years ago, we Chinese have viewed the law from the perspective of statecraft strategy.

Although the Han Dynasty deposed the hundred schools, all subsequent dynasties also respected the Confucian 'rule of etiquette' and 'rule by virtue', but no dynasty has ever abolished the law together. There is no prosperous era in China, not the law is sound, the officials are clear, and even the emperor must abide by the law!

Let's start with a little story.

During the reign of Song Zhenzong, a family official lost the gold plate in the palace. The attendant said to Song Zhenzong that he would beat him first. Song Zhenzong did not allow it, and ordered someone to find the lost property first. And the attendant said, "If you don't beat him, he doesn't know how powerful." If the gold disc was hidden by himself, would he still be able to find it? As soon as he hit him, he recruited. Song Zhenzong emphasized that you can't beat people casually. The attendant said, you are the emperor, you can fight whoever you want. Song Zhenzong explained, my Great Song Dynasty has a law, everyone should act according to the law, and the emperor should not beat people casually.

This is: the law of the world should be shared with the world, and there is a division to abide by it to die. Although the Son of Heaven is not allowed to be selfish, then the great public ...... of the world"

Zhou Hexuan wrote a general knowledge of ancient Chinese law, and began to write about the West:

Montesquieu, a French Enlightenment thinker, wrote his monumental work "Law and Italy" ("On the Spirit of Law"). Only two years after its publication, 22 editions were printed, and various foreign language translations were produced. The French Declaration of the Rights of Man was born from the French Declaration of the People's Republic of China, and the civil rights theory of Mr. Nakayama's Three People's Principles also originated from this book......"

Zhou Hexuan talked a lot about the spirit of the legal system of the Western powers, and then used Sun Yat-sen as his theoretical weapon, he wrote:

In the seventh year of the Republic of China, Mr. Zhongshan pointed out in "The Theory of Sun Wen" that China's revolutionary process was divided into three stages: military administration, discipline administration and constitutional government. Commander-in-Chief Chang has announced that the revolution has entered the stage of political discipline, what is political discipline? Mr. Nakayama called it the 'rule of law', which was formulated and obeyed by the military government, the local council, and the people, with the aim of giving the people equal and free qualifications and the ability to control sovereignty.

In today's Republic of China, we only see the military government, but we do not see the law, or the law is not perfect.

Recently, some people have said that the party is the country and the party is the law, but is this an open opposition to Dr. Sun Yat-sen's legacy?

The Shanghai Party Department banned my "Goddess" and "Dog Official", and I have two objections. First, what is the legal basis? Second, where is the executive agency?

First, there is no law, and second, there is no legal enforcement body, which is contrary to the teachings of Mr. Nakayama.

I asked the central government to enact a law first, and then set up a relevant enforcement agency, and then ban my work, and I have no complaints......"

Zhou Hexuan wrote here, and began to discuss the advantages of ruling the country by law and the disadvantages of ruling the country by people, and raised the issue to the level of the country and the nation. And every few sentences, I have to mention Mr. Sun Yat-sen, anyway, if this great god is brought out, those Kuomintang parties can't find the words to refute it.

On the morning of the next day, Ta Kung Pao published the full text of this article in the form of a front-page headline, which immediately aroused enthusiastic support from progressives.

Especially in Shanghai, Chen Dezheng is too crazy to play, and he will be scared when he sees people unreasonably. At this time, he hosted the Shanghai "National Daily", often wrote his own articles to crusade against someone, and then let his party sticks, or even send hooligans and gangsters to commit murder, completely ignoring the law.

As soon as Zhou Hexuan's essay came out, it was immediately reprinted by major newspapers, and they began to criticize the Shanghai party department's misdeeds.

However, a Saint Seiya is a Saint Seiya after all.

You reason with him, and he plays hooligan with you.

The next afternoon, all the Shanghai newspapers that reprinted this essay received a warning from the Shanghai Party Department. Immediately afterwards, more than 30 hooligans rushed into the Shanghai branch of Ta Kung Pao and smashed them indiscriminately, and even Zhang Jiluan was slightly injured.

This is not the end, Chen Dezheng wrote an article in Shanghai's "National Daily", arresting Zhou Hexuan and scolding him: "Zhou Hexuan is a complete traitor. He grew up drinking the milk of foreigners, and he has long been no longer Chinese, and even his thinking has been completely Westernized. This person has no backbone, first as a secretary for Chu Yupu and then as a secretary to Zhang Xueliang. climbed the power of the Zhang family's father and son, and became the president of Peking University. Peking University is the ancestral court of China's contemporary university, how can he be a person with no qualifications and no morality? This person misled the public and misinterpreted Mr. Zhongshan's teachings in vain, and his heart was clearly exposed, that is, he wanted to oppose the central government. His "Goddess" and "Dog Official" were all written with the support of Zhang's father and son to slander the central government, and the seizure of his books by the Shanghai Party Department is 100 percent correct......"

Immediately, more than 20 newspapers in Shanghai began to crusade against Zhou Hexuan.

As for the articles that helped Zhou Hexuan speak, none of them could be published, and whoever dared to publish them would be seized.

Zhou Hexuan laughed angrily, he finally understood why Hu Shi would resign and go abroad next year, this battle could not be fought at all.

Don't play according to the routine!

Can you believe that Chen Dezheng was still a second-class scholar a few years ago? This guy even opposes the commercialization of literature, believing that real literature should be pure literature. He also called for social reform and a literary revolution.

As a result, as soon as he gained power, he immediately turned into a party stick and bit anyone he caught.

Now Chang Kaishen is talking to Zhang Xueliang about the Northeast Banner, which is a super important thing. But Chen Dezheng dared to write an article at this time to scold Zhang Zuolin and Zhang Xueliang, thinking that they were traitors and lackeys of the Japanese.

"It's shameless!"

Xu Zhimo angrily threw away the newspaper and said to Zhou Hexuan: "Mingcheng, others dare not speak, I will help you speak." In the next issue of New Moon magazine, I will launch an essay contest so that all the articles that cannot be published will be published in New Moon magazine! ”

"No, you can wait and see the show." Zhou Hexuan said with a smile.

"New Moon" magazine dared to do this, and it was bound to be seized, just like helping Hu Shi speak in history.

A few days later, the Shanghai branch of Ta Kung Pao returned to normal, and the smashed machines were replaced with new ones, and Zhou Hexuan was ready to replace the equipment anyway.

The headline headline of Ta Kung Pao was "Commander-in-Chief Chang Loves Reading, Likes to Read, and Reads Good Books."

Well, in fact, there is nothing special about it, but Chang Kaishen is touted in the news, saying that he not only governs the country and the army in a good way, but also is a leader with connotation and thought who likes to read. At the end of the article, it is mentioned that in the study room of the Commander-in-Chief Chang in the Ciyun Temple in Beiping, all of Mr. Zhou Hexuan's works are displayed, including "The Goddess" and "Dog Official", which were seized by the Shanghai Party Department.