Chapter 6: Bringing Down Portugal's Omani Indian Ocean "Empire"
Francisco. Morality. The coffins of Almeida and Alfonso de Albuquerque, the two vice-kings of India and Portugal, were about to be covered with no seals.
150 years ago, the Franks invaded the Indian Ocean, which at the time should have been called Lake Arabia.
Clark and Caravel sailed around the Cape of Good Hope and showed at Wacos. Dagama saw a string of Swahili city-states from Sofala in Mozambique to Mogadishu in the Horn of Africa.
These city-states were ruled by sultans from Arabia who claimed that their ancestors were from Shiraz in Persia, and it is also said that they were called the Shiraz dynasty. Below the Arab and Persian aristocracy were native African black officials, captains, soldiers, and peasants.
Arab traders pioneered the coast of East Africa even before the advent of *** religion. They brought a more advanced culture to Africa, starting with a few small merchant ships sailing along the coast, and the Arabs ruled the entire Indian Ocean coast of Africa for a thousand years, all the way to Quanzhou in China.
On the east coast of Africa, the Sultanates of Zanzibar, Mombasa, and Kilwa are the most important. Because there has never been a threat from the sea, these *** city-states are wealthy and have little defense.
Francisco. Morality. Almeida and Alfonso de Albuquerque, driving several tattered Clark sailboats, set up several stone cannons at the gate of the city-state, and led hundreds of soldiers who were not much like pirates to break into the exquisite city-state, slaughtering citizens, burning cities, and selling fair-skinned women into slavery.
In a very short period of time, the Portuguese swept across the Indian Ocean coast, occupied the vast Arabian navigation line from the Cape of Good Hope to Macau, built fortresses, controlled the shipping routes to the East, and built a vast East Indies Empire with only a few soldiers. The Portuguese record at that time was nothing short of a myth.
King Manuel I of Portugal, as the vice-king of the Indo-Portuguese in Goa, divided his East Indian Empire into two, with the Arabian Sea as the boundary and 12 military regions. To the east of the Arabian Sea, it was administered by the Indo-Portuguese vice-king of Goa. West of the Arabo Sea, it was administered by the Governor of East Africa in Mombasa (now Kenya's second largest city). The Portuguese built the most powerful fortress in Africa, Fort Jesus, on the island of Mombasa, as the core of their control over the western coast of the Indian Ocean.
The Portuguese had very few troops, with a minimum of 50 soldiers in the military districts, and with such a small army controlling the Indian Ocean, they could only rely on the myths of the early conquests. The British and Dutch proved to all the powers in the Indian Ocean that the Portuguese were outwardly strong and vulnerable.
With the exception of the Indian citadels, the Portuguese expansion in the Indian Ocean largely followed the city-states pioneered by Arab navigators, and it was the infrastructure of these ports that allowed them to spread rapidly. Now, the Arabs are coming to reclaim the legacy. The rearmed Arabs began their bloody revenge on the Portuguese.
The battle began in a remote corner of the Arabian Peninsula, Oman.
Oman was bullied by the Persians for a long time, and their combat effectiveness on land was poor, and they could only seek to advance to the sea. The Arabs, who ruled the western shores of the Indian Ocean before the Portuguese, were inextricably linked to Oman.
Albuquerque probably could not have imagined that he would be able to wreak havoc on the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf with a few dilapidated and leaky Clark ships, land on the Arabian Peninsula, and do whatever he wanted to the weak Omanis. After 150 years, his proud Clark and Galen fleets disappeared, and the Portuguese were vulnerable to the Arabs. The Omanis will take revenge on what the Franks did to the Arabs, burning, slaughtering cities, executing young men, and selling women into slavery.
I don't know who is behind Oman, and how deeply involved the Dutch are, just like the Portuguese have just entered the Indian Ocean, and the Arab reconquest is also rapid and violent, and Portugal will be completely defeated by the Omanis in a very short time.
Of course, the Federation cannot afford to invest much in Africa, but in the face of such drastic changes, it may be possible to generate considerable benefits with a small effort. The first was to make contact with the future victors, the emissaries of the Federation, riding the south wind, sailing northwest towards Oman.
At the residence, he invited representatives of the Jewish family and the three new pirate captains to dinner.
To attract investment, of course, you have to fool.
The Portuguese colonial empire is over, but the merchants of Lisbon are not. The observance of order outlined to them a grand blueprint for Asia-Europe trade.
The routes from Europe to Asia were well established, and every year unofficial ships broke into the Indian Ocean, including the Dutch, the British, and the Portuguese. Merchant ships departing from Lisbon arrived at the Andaman Sea with immigrants, precious metals, and some manufactured goods, and the Confederation would pay them in silk, porcelain, and pepper.
"Running the course and bypassing the government of a strong country, with the ability of the gentlemen, there should be many ways. For example, find a city-state in Italy and set up an East India Company of your own. ”
Rodriguez from Venice, or Rodriga in particular, asked carefully, "Archon, are you so confident?" ”
Lynch answered the question in place of Order, "Of course, Mr. Rodriga. As you can see, we have a huge market close to India, close to China and Japan. In order to reduce the outflow of precious metals, the European powers would force merchant ships to bring European industrial goods with them. It is true that the demand for European goods in the East is not large, and only a few goods have market prospects. But for us, these goods are quite profitable. ”
Shou Xuan picked up his glass and smiled slightly, "Mr. Rodriga, imagine it." Building a few glass factories on our soil and selling the finished products to China and Japan must be a lucrative business. ”
In 1649, the glass-making technology that had been monopolized by Venice had spread to all of Europe, and Britain, France and Germany had advanced glass-making technology. But Venice is still one of the most important producers of glass in Europe, and the benefits of technology diffusion have become clear, making it easier to recruit artisans.
Representatives of the Jimenez family, young Mauro. Jimenez said: "Archon, how do we divide the profits? ”
"You are a shareholder with technology and craftsmen, and we are a shareholder with land and materials. The ratio depends on how much money you bring in and how many skilled immigrants you bring in. ”
"We want to get a controlling stake."
"Enough money, of course."
The Jewish Oriental Company had to invest in precious metals in the initial stages of its operations, and silver was one of the most valuable goods in Europe. The profits of shipping silver from Europe to Asia and bringing it back to Europe in exchange for gold are considerable.
The merchant ships of the Jews from Europe were loaded with silver and some cargo, which did not occupy much tonnage, and the rest of the space was loaded with artisan immigrants from all over Europe and transported to Asia. He promised to pay the Jews for the return journey with the finest raw silk, cheap white sugar, rock sugar, and tea.
Unlike the colonization of the Americas, it was easy to establish a positive economic cycle in Asia.
The Spaniards conquered the areas that had been explored by the Indian Empire and seized large silver mines. Later, the British and the Dutch could only endure disease and dig in the soil.
The Americas were pristine wilderness where malaria and yellow fever were rampant. The British spent decades pioneering the Jamestown Tobacco Coast, the colonial company collapsed several times, and immigrants died one after another.
The Dutch West India Company was in a mess, bankrupt and had to rely on the East India Company to save the American colonies.
In terms of farming alone, the area beyond the North American border has been occupied by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. The Americas are not an option at all.
The business side was not a big problem, and it was quickly agreed.
Portugal lost the Eastern Route, and this historic mission would have been carried by the Dutch for a long time. Orderliness is also a kind of prying at the corner of the Dutch.
Mauro. Jimenez: "The route from Europe to your country is too long. The Portuguese could not maintain the route around the Indian Ocean, and we had to cross the Indian Ocean like the Dutch. It's a good idea to have a stopover point for your fleet. ”
"Captain Scarfield, I need your advice."
The Madagascar pirates were dressed in ornate and exaggerated captain's uniforms, and Sven was polite and polite. From the outside, it is impossible to tell that this is a murderous and famous pirate.
"Gentlemen, I recommend Mayotte to you."
Mayotte, located in the Strait of Mozambique, together with the islands of Grande Comore, Anjouan, and Moheli, forms the Comoros archipelago. Mayotte covers an area of 375 square kilometres, with moderate rainfall and some areas of particularly fertile land due to its volcanic rocks. The Comoros Islands are neither controlled nor covered by Portugal, and are considered virgin land in the eyes of the colonists.
Scarfield: "It only takes 100 soldiers to control the island, capture slaves in the archipelago to build a fortress for us, and move some farmers and artisans to the island, you can control it." ”
Orderly quickly took stock of the resources available to him.
"Captain Barnaby, how many people are willing to go with you to the Philippines to hunt bacon?"
Barnaby grinned, "400 people, I need at least 4 ships." ”
"No problem, I'll give you 1 brig, 2 sloops, 2 half-galleries, 5 ships."
"Captain Ritter."
"Your Excellency."
"I want to change your position, bring 400 soldiers, and I'll give you another 2,000 immigrants to occupy Mayotte."
"I'm honored."
"Let's do what you did before, and then we'll take the lead in the Federation when we solve some minor diplomatic problems."
The mixed force of the Ritz Madagascar pirates and the Asian soldiers, which was divided into the Ritz Madagascar pirates and the Asian soldiers, invested so many people in the early days that the military expenses could only be solved by some old methods.
"The three captains' crew members who are not physically fit to go to sea or are unwilling to go to sea again are all placed in my territory and joined the Coast Guard, and I will solve your worries."
"Sir, I don't want to stay on land all the time." Scarfield discovers that Order has missed him.
"Captain, please wait a moment," Order, turning his gaze to the representatives of the Abravanel family in Naples and the Mingus family in Istanbul, "two gentlemen. ”
Mingus: "We have only one question, where is the city that Your Excellency promised us. ”
Shou Xuan smiled, "There are many lands in Asia, and you should be more concerned about people. ”
Mingus: "In a few years, even a dozen years, we can ship thousands of people from Europe, and it's not that hard. ”
The wealthy Jewish merchants were only a minority, and most of them did not have a high social status and struggled at the bottom.
"But I'm interested in another proposal from Your Excellency, a country."
"Just like Italy, the city-state autonomous state, how far it can develop depends on your ability."
"The country needs a population, and we can't bring tens of thousands of people of the same clan."
Shou Xuan smiled, "Mr. Mingus, you may have forgotten a place. In fact, it is much easier for your people to acquire population in the Indian Ocean than in other European countries. ”
Everyone was stunned for a moment, and then remembered something instantly.
"Ethiopia."