Chapter 669: Wooing William
Nicholas II was frustrated in his attack on Benedict X's army in Campania and was temporarily unable to open the situation, but behind him, he was pleasantly surprised by the German mercenaries led by Hildebrand and the Church knights who arrived behind.
Hildebrand used a strategy to divide and disintegrate the Tuschylum family and the Roman aristocracy, and not all of these opponents were willing to abandon their families in order to support the rival Pope Benedict X, who was born in the Tuscullum family, and at this time the Holy See had a very high weight in the hearts of everyone, especially the Hildebrand Grand Rector Grandpa, whose prestige even surpassed that of the new Pope Nicholas II, and was highly respected by the secular aristocracy and clergy.
After gaining the support of the nobles in Tusculum Castle, Hildebrand conquered the castle with a combination of internal and external tactics, capturing a group of nobles who were hostile to the Holy See.
Subsequently, he led his army to attack left and right, and successively conquered the cities of Tivoli, Viterbo, Orvieto, etc., and almost swept away the aristocratic families entrenched in Rome, so that the situation of the war was tilted in the direction of the Roman Church.
After pacifying the nobility around Rome, Hildebrand led his army south to join Pope Nicholas II's army, which had nearly doubled in size to 12,000 men.
Most of these additional soldiers came from the soldiers of the noble families of Rome and the knights of the Church who joined the army one after another.
At this time, Pope Nicholas II and Hildebrand had nearly twice as many troops at the hands of the opposing rival Pope Benedict X, and many wealthy Roman families had joined them, and Benedict X, who was entrenched in the Campania region, was no longer sustainable.
In the end, it was the Norman army that came from behind Benedict X who gave them the final blow, and it turned out that Tancred, after receiving the order to leave, was unwilling to return with such a small amount of credit after a hard trip to Rome, so he persuaded Richard, Count of Capua. Morality. Hengu, together with his army, attacked Benedict X from the rear.
When Nicholas II and Hildebrand saw a large Norman army attacking Benedict X's position, they immediately realized that this was an opportune opportunity to defeat their opponents, and they immediately ordered an attack on Benedict X's position.
Under the attack of the Normans and the Papal Guard, Benedict X and the Roman magnates who supported him suddenly collapsed, countless soldiers rushed north, and nobles and knights also galloped wildly on horseback, trying to escape.
Benedict X, who had also wanted to escape with the Roman noble knights, was captured by a group of soldiers who tried to do the right thing, and was forced to surrender to Pope Nicholas II and Hildebrand.
With Benedict X in his hands, the power of the Roman aristocracy gathered around him also collapsed.
In the autumn of 1059, Nicholas II led a triumphant army, this time capturing the rival Pope Benedict X, forcing him to renounce his papal status and imprisoning him in the monastery of Saint-Agnese, which increased Nicholas II's prestige in the Holy See enough to make him stand up to the Cluni leader Archbishop, Hildebrand.
Having sufficient prestige, but his position was not secure, and the support of the Clunians alone was not enough, he set his sights on the Normans in the Kingdom of Sicily.
In order to secure his position, Nicholas II immediately summoned Caesar, the king of Sicily, who had subsequently arrived in Rome. Morality. Outwell, accepting his allegiance, forged a strong alliance with the Normans of Sicily.
The alliance between Nicholas II and the Normans of Sicily was beneficial to both sides, and Nicholas II strengthened his position as pope with the support of the Normans of Sicily, making his power completely superior to that of Archdiocese Hildebrand, Cardinal Archbishop Habert, Monte. Bishop Albert of Cassino. Morality. Sidrus et al.
Similarly, in exchange, Pope Nicholas II declared the recognition of the legitimate Norman ownership of the Kingdom of Sicily, Apuria, Calabria, Salerno, Sicily, etc., giving legitimacy and legitimacy to the Norman rule there.
At the same time, in Pavia, the Duchy of Lombardy, there was a conflict between the locals, the archbishops, and the clergy, and Nicholas II considered it an excellent opportunity to meddle in the affairs of the Duchy of Lombardy and expand the influence of the Holy See.
Hearing this, Nicholas II did not hesitate to send Cardinal Peter. Damien and Bishop Anselmo of Lucca, later Alexander II, traveled to Milan together to settle conflicts between the Pavians and the archbishops and clergy.
The result naturally ended in a new victory for the Pope, and the client, Archbishop Victor of Milan, faced with a serious ecclesiastical conflict, had to propose to cede the power of the Milanese Church, including the right to appoint bishops, to Rome.
Subsequently, Nicholas II summoned the Archbishop of Milan, Vido, and the bishops of Milan in the Lateran Palace, and established a council, which aimed to continue the Cluni reforms of Hildebrand, strengthen the discipline of the clergy, and greatly strengthen the authority of the Holy See.
The establishment of this council marked the beginning of a new era and also had great influence on the election of future new popes, which in the years that followed it gained the power to supervise the holy election of the pope.
Previously, papal elections were actually controlled by the Roman aristocracy, unless the emperor was strong enough to intervene from a distance and impose his will, but now, through the establishment of the Council, Nicholas II vested the right to elect the pope to the cardinal of cardinals in Rome, and carried out a number of reforms regarding the process of electing the papacy.
Nicholas II consolidated and strengthened his authority through a series of initiatives that made his prestige far greater than that of other popes over the years.
However, at this time, Nicholas II was also faced with an extremely serious problem, that is, how to deal with the relationship with the Norman king William.
Previously, because of the stupid actions of the former Pope Sdwan IX, not only broke the previous peace agreement between the Holy See and the Normans, but also caused the momentum of the Holy See to plummet, and powerful monarchs such as William, Ferdinand I, and Henry IV were no longer afraid of the Holy See's excommunication.
Therefore, the current priority is to repair the relationship with William, fortunately, Pope Nicholas II was originally close to William, William had always been his supporter, and his French status also made it easier for him to get close to William and the Normans.