Chapter 39: The Battle of Humen
The base camp believed that the hydrology of the Pearl River, typhoons, and epidemics in hot and humid areas were greater troubles than the Tatar army, so they chose to go out in winter to minimize the non-combat attrition of the army due to dysentery and fever.
The main stream of the Pearl River flows southeast into the sea, and the fleet chooses the easterly east wind to sail into the inland river. The main fleet approached Humen and raised its binoculars in order.
On the hills on both sides of the river, there are more than 1,000 people watching the excitement.
The landlord gentry took their servants with parasols, sat on benches, ate snacks and drank tea. Ordinary people either squatted on the hillside and munched melon seeds, or waited on the top of the mountain.
Bow your head to the people in order.
This is a stage where a real war drama is being staged, and he is the protagonist on the stage.
In the center of the stage, more than a dozen black ships and white ships burned on the sea, raising thick black smoke.
In addition, more than a dozen Tartar warships lowered their flags and surrendered, and the coalition galleys and galleons took over the gang, and the prisoners abandoned their weapons and squatted on the ground to wait for disposal. The rest of the enemy ships desperately fled upstream, and there was only an embarrassed back in sight.
That was the result of the avant-garde fleet, and it was not difficult.
The Walled City of Humen is located on the left bank of the Pearl River, and according to the plan, the enemy of Humen will be dealt with by the navy.
The main force of the 2nd Division overtook the navy and advanced to Dongguan in the northeast, effectively cutting off the main ground connection between the Humen Tartars and Guangzhou.
The Big Cape and Shajiao forts are located on both sides of the Piercing Ocean, with the Sand Horn in the east and the Big Horn in the west. The water surface here is as wide as 10 miles, and although it is the main entrance of Humen, the forts on both sides of the river are useless except for giving an alarm to the rear.
The Marines sent four companies of landing craft to the rear of the batteries at Big Cape and Shajiao on both sides of the strait, braving very weak bird fire and light Fran fire.
The Tatars did not value the sand horns and the big horns, and the forts here were temporary fortifications made of sandbags and bamboo baskets, and the defenders had only about 200 men each. As soon as the Marines flashed their bayonets, they abandoned their weapons and fled.
The artillery-made Tatar cannon was not bad, and the level of craftsmanship was stronger than that of the Ming army of that year. The Marine Corps reported that there was a 6,000-kilogram cannon in the Shajiao Fort, with a clay mold casting, a total length of 284cm, an inner bore diameter of 15cm, an outer bore diameter of 50cm, a thin front and a rich back, 15 catties of food and medicine, and 15 catties of cannons. It was a relatively reasonable double diameter, close to 20 pounds of shore defense heavy guns.
The battleship slowly ascended, and the water surface of the Pearl River gradually narrowed. The sediment content of the Pearl River is low, and the river water is green.
Orderly walked to the bow deck.
In the green mountains and green water in front of you, the upper and lower rungs are in the middle of the water, the distance between the upper rungs island and the Yaniang Shoes Island on the east coast is 400 zhang, and the distance from the west coast is also 400 zhang, and the two channels are located in the effective range of the enemy's batteries.
The enemy's main line of defense.
Humen Walled City is located on the east bank of Yaniangshoe Island, far from the main channel of the Pearl River, and is the rear headquarters of the enemy.
The Tatars built 4 forts on the front, the Weiyuan Artillery City on the east coast of Yaniang Shoe Island, and the Consolidated Artillery City on the west coast.
There is a rungs on the runghead island, a rungs moon cannon city at the bottom of the mountain, and a rungs fort on the mountain. The Moon Cannon City is near the river and surrounded by water on 3 sides.
There are nearly 150 Hongyi cannons of various colors in the Humen Fort Group, among which there are many coastal defense heavy artillery that fire 15-kilogram shells.
Behind the runghead island is the lion ocean, there are two mountains on the big tiger head island, the small hill in the south of the island is the pig's head mountain, the slightly larger mountain in the north of the island is the tiger head mountain, there is a big tiger battery built on it, the muzzle of this battery is facing east, the position is avoided, far away from the main defense line, it is almost useless.
The east channel between the rungs and Weiyuan is the main channel of the Pearl River, and the west channel between the rungs and the consolidation is the auxiliary channel of the Pearl River.
The Lower Rung Island, 250 meters south of the Upper Rung, is unmanned.
The Humen Fort refers to the defense system of the Macao fortress, what the Portuguese will do, what the Tatars will do, the Portuguese did not do it, and the Tatars did not do it.
For some reason, the Portuguese designed the forts with coastal defense in mind, and the Tatars copied them without considering the threat from the ground, and there was little defense behind the forts.
If you only look at coastal defense, the Humen Fort is a very powerful fortification, the fort is built with stones, the main structure of masonry and stone, covered with three-way earth defense artillery, although there are many places that are not completed, but also temporarily built sandbag forts.
The entire fort defense system, with a total of about 5,000 defenders, was under the unified command of Zhang Guoxun, the commander-in-chief of the Guangdong Naval Division.
The enemy has a lot of heavy artillery, and there is a certain risk of bombarding the fort with a wooden sailing ship, and the later Yingyi has a steamboat, which can easily tow the battleship to a suitable firing position in the inland river, and there is no order, and it is slightly more difficult to attack the fort than the Yingyi, but the coalition forces are more sufficient.
Putting down the binoculars, Shou Orderly looked up at the mast, and the easterly wind blew the battle flags to the ground.
"Führer?"
"Let's get started."
The Lingwei raised the offensive signal flag, and each detachment acted according to its assigned tasks.
The eastern channel has an iron lock on the river, so the battle does not have to consider the threat of enemy warships.
The two battleships Croto and Aglaia and the two cruisers Kuching and Siwu approached the Weiyuan Artillery City on the island of Yaniang Shoes, where was the enemy's general battery, and Zhang Guoxun's general flag was in Weiyuan.
The cruisers Euphrosine, Burrenshire, and Huberian approached the island of Upper Rung, firing at the Rung-Moon Battery.
Up to 30 galleys were assigned to the two artillery squadrons to help the sailboats get into proper positions and provide cover for the larger ships to prevent the enemy from unleashing fire on the ships.
The artillery battle immediately began, and the battleship did not have to engage all the enemy artillery, due to the location problem, only some of the guns in the enemy artillery city had firing angles, and most of the guns of the rungs on the rungboard hill pointed to the east channel, and not a single gun was within the firing range.
Four companies of marines changed boats and landed on Lower Rung Island under the cover of warships.
The elevation of the hills on the two islands is 28 meters, and the Marine Corps is not equipped with cannons, they have 8 5.5-inch howitzers, 6 light and 2 heavy, and 400 marines are shoulder-to-shoulder, and two artillery positions are set up behind the ridge line of the lower rung, and after simple calibration, the light howitzers bombard the enemy's moon battery 250 meters away, and the heavy howitzers shoot at the enemy's hilltop battery.
The howitzer hit rate was not as good as that of the cannon with direct fire, but the artillery position behind the ridge line was outside the firing range of the enemy battery and would not be disturbed, and one grenade after another was fired into the enemy artillery city, either in the barracks, or in the government office, or in the playground, and bursting up clouds of black smoke.
The flagship Lingwei, the battleship Talia, and the cruiser Penn were on the second line.
The front-line artillery battle attracted everyone's attention, the battleship had a bullet, and the casualties were acceptable.
Half an hour later, the Ling Wei hoisted a signal flag.
Riding a gust of east, the Ling Wei detachment went straight into the auxiliary channel to the west, where there was no iron lock to block the river.
The Lingwei, Talia, and Bincheng dropped anchor in the middle of the Western Passage and launched their broadside guns while engaging the fortified and rungside batteries on the west bank.
There were more than 20 guns in the fortified battery, and only 14 guns in the rungway battery facing the western channel, and the enemy gun emplacements were all in the open air, and the three battleships quickly suppressed the enemy artillery fire.
The Tatars were very happy to learn military technology, and the shells fired by the enemy batteries were no different from those of the Federation, including solid shells, grenades, chain shells, and shotguns, except for the absence of fiery bullets, which were somewhat risky to use, and were not used by the navy in this battle.
Twelve artillery frigates, including the Yuexiu, overtook the flagship detachment and sailed into the northwest of Shanghengtai Island with 50 galleys.
Dahushan Island is in the north of the escort fleet, there is the cliff of Pig's Head Mountain, if there is a fort on Pig's Head Mountain, it may be able to cover the back of the Upper Rung Island, but unfortunately no, the Big Tiger Fort is further north of Hutou Mountain.
Chen Shangchuan, the commander of the detachment, divided 4 artillery frigates, 8 galleys and 40 Ming galleys to reconnoiter and attack upstream, and the remaining naval divisions of the Tatars must be hiding somewhere.
The remaining eight frigates bombarded the enemy barracks behind the island of Upper Rung, and the Tatars scurried like headless flies.
One hour later, the West Bank fortified batteries were first dumbfounded. Then, the female wall and gun emplacements of the rungs facing the western channel were all destroyed.
Five Marine companies were transferred to small boats for landing, and two 5.5-inch howitzers from the Army Artillery Company reinforced the landing force.
The Marines climbed out of the dinghy with their bright bayonets.
The Tatars guarding the fort organized a counterattack, and more than 200 people rushed out of the fort with various cold weapons.
The rifled guns used by the hunters fired a salvo to suppress the Franc light guns pulled by the city.
The Marines simply lined up in two rows, and after three volleys, the Tatar attack died away in the smoke of gunpowder, leaving behind a field of wounded soldiers in red cherry blossoms and white hats and crying fathers and mothers.
The Marines occupied the barracks first, and two 5.5-inch light howitzers were placed in line to cover the infantry upward attack at close range.
The bayonet charge dispersed the enemy troops defending the platform.
The Marines forced the captives with bayonets to turn their guns and fired at the 50-gun Ridge Moon Battery down the hill.
The artillery fire from behind soon forced the Moon Fort to raise the surrender flag.
The Marines cut the two barrages of the East Channel, and one battalion of the 8th Army Regiment landed on the west bank and occupied and consolidated the forts. 1 battalion landed in the northwest of Yaniangshoe Island and climbed to the top of Wu Mountain.
There was a lookout built by the Tatars on the top of the hill, and there were no artillery defenses, so the army easily occupied the ridgeline.
All the artillery batteries of the Tatars were artillery charged, and there was not even a female wall behind the batteries, and the army was condescending, relying on the terrain and trees to shoot down the hill, completely destroying the enemy resistance in a few minutes.
The Green Battalion soldiers left their commander behind and scattered.
As the Tatar banner fell, the onlookers on both sides of the strait erupted in warm applause.
At 5 o'clock in the afternoon, the Green Battalion troops stationed at the Dahushan Fort surrendered, and the army took advantage of the situation to capture the Humen Walled City, and the battle ended.
The coalition forces destroyed 5 enemy batteries, captured 91 pig iron cannons, captured 3,500 enemy soldiers, killed Zhang Guoxun, the commander of the enemy's Guangdong Naval Division, and seized 230,000 taels of silver.
Twenty-three of the total army were wounded and one was killed, except for the time it consumed, it was a battle that was not worth mentioning.
This was due to the fatal flaw in the design of the enemy's battery system. The soldiers even joked that the Führer should issue a large medal to the designer of the Humen Fort.
The captives confessed that the enemy had allocated 1 million taels of silver in the city of Guangzhou in order to build the Humen Fort.
Whether it is the Ming army or the federal army and navy, everyone's eyes are bright, and their morale is high.
That night, the fleet was anchored.
After dawn, Chen Shangchuan led the galleys to set off first, carrying artillery and boat bridge supplies to Dongguan to support the main army force fighting there.