Chapter 27: The Coastal Defenses of the Tatars

Ding Yaokang: "Two generals, there are two more things to do before sending troops. First, build adequate shelter. The north wind is freezing together, and there are many southern soldiers on the island, so we must repair the cold for the soldiers before it cools down. Second, the islanders have dug some wells, and we had better dig more and build some pools to store rainwater. ”

The North is no better than the South. The southern islands can live in some grass huts and bamboo huts, and the requirements for building specifications are relatively low, and most of the coastal Ming troops solved the accommodation problem in this way. In the north, it is not possible, and the residence has high requirements for cold protection.

"Zhongcheng, I will leave you 1,300 people, I can only work hard for you, and the remaining soldiers must attack. Our first wave of attacks was the most powerful, and the Tartars were the most defenseless and could not be delayed any longer. ”

"This ...... Well, which county are you guys planning to hit? ”

Zhang Pengfei sneered, "It's too cheap to hit the county seat, I'll hit Dengzhou directly." ”

"Huh?"

"Oh, hehehe." Gu Rong smiled very happily, not surprised at all.

On the coast of North China, there are five lines of sand between the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River, and the tide is very fast, and it is difficult for large ships and pointed bottom warships to approach, so they have to drive east for a day before heading north to avoid the underwater sand bar.

Outside the mouth of Tianjin, there is also a divergence of sand lines, and these underwater sediments change every year, and only the most familiar sailors can divert the water into the harbor. Moreover, there is a barrage 20 miles outside the mouth of Dagu, which is difficult for large ships and sharp-bottomed warships to approach.

Landing at these two places was very risky, and without steam-powered ships, it would be difficult for the sailboats to navigate these tortuous passages, and a gust of turbulent wind could knock the ship to death on the sand bar.

The lifeline of the Tatars is the Grand Canal, and Huai'an, Qingjiangpu and Tianjin are the most important nodes of the canal. The Tatars were able to amass 4,500 warships in Fujian and Zhejiang, but only about 20 ships remained in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea, which were vital to the safety of the imperial capital. It is because the underwater sand bars in Jiangbei and Tianjin are the best coastal defense facilities for the Tatars.

In North China, only the Shandong Peninsula and the Liaodong Peninsula are free of sediment accumulated by large rivers, and the coast is convenient for landing, while the economic benefits of attacking the Liaodong Peninsula are obviously not as good as Shandong.

Barnaby soon learned of Zhang's decision, he had seven ships, and the captains' meeting was seven members.

Scarface Rogers taps his dagger on the table to attract the captains' attention.

"Are the Chinese crazy? I heard that Dengzhou is the main fortress in northern China. ”

Barnaby laughed a few times, "Crazy people are good, I like crazy people's plans. ”

"Chief, are you serious?"

"It doesn't matter if you're serious or not, dear Rogers. All I know is that Dengzhou is the richest city in the north of the Shandong Peninsula, and money is the most important thing. ”

"This ...... Chieftain. ”

"Rogers, unless we grab the Spanish treasure ship, how much money can we make by robbing the ship at sea? Think about it, when you build a city, how much money will be recruiting you? ”

"Shouldn't we send someone to find out the strength of that fortress before attacking?"

"My dear brother, Zhang was one of the commanders of that city, and he knew every thing about the fortress."

"But that was 10 years ago, and only God knows how much has changed in that time."

"Well, I'll admit you're right. Still, I decided to go with them. ”

"Why?"

"Because I'm a more successful captain than you, my gut tells me we're going to win."

“****”

Barnaby looked at the other captains, "Who is for and who is against?" ”

"Yes" "Yes"

……

Adopted by the Captains' Meeting.

Barnaby grinned, turned to Rogers, and said, "Dear Captain Rogers, your ship is staying at camp, and we're going to have to stay here for a long time, so you'll have to settle your home." ”

“******”

Protests were useless, as Rogers' brig and the 140 people left behind by each ship watched their homes, and Barna ratio 580 people joined Zhang Pengfei's fleet.

In order to simplify the command structure, Zhang Pengfei left all the Korean soldiers and 900 Ming troops, and left 17 warships for the defenders.

The remaining 3,600 officers and men sailed out of Ocean Island on 50 warships.

Zhang Pengfei dared to fight Dengzhou Jiancheng, of course, there was his reason.

The Tatars built a fire brigade and selected key cities in the world to deploy green battalions.

The 3rd Battalion of the Land Division was established by the Tatars in 1644 and had a large establishment, with a combined number of nearly 10,000 troops in the three battalions. This is the historical tradition of inheriting the town of Denglai and the governor of Denglai in the Ming Dynasty.

The green battalion of Shandong made great contributions to the neutralization of the Tatars in the south, and the green battalions of Linqing and Yizhou suppressed Liu Zeqing Town, which was stationed in Huaixi at that time, until finally surrendered tens of thousands of Ming troops. The green camp led by Ke Yongsheng even fought south to Ganzhou and captured the fortress that had a far-reaching impact on the development of the situation later.

The green battalions were scattered and stationed in various flood areas, and the bomb pressed places. The Green Battalion is not only a field force, but it is only a small aspect of the many attributes of the Green Battalion. More often than not, the Green Battalion is a policing officer, a handyman who repairs a river, and a businessman who does a small business.

Whenever there is a war, the emperor Lao'er sends out an expedition loaded with silver, and draws troops from various flood areas, drawing 4 or 5 soldiers here, drawing 7 or 8 guns there, and making up 2 or 3 thousand soldiers, which is a large army.

The Shandong Green Battalion was often drawn in the Tatar offensive against the south, especially the troops along the canal with slightly stronger combat effectiveness. In this way, in terms of the distribution of military salaries and post-war replenishment, the governor of Shandong and the general army must give priority to the field troops in the west.

The third battalion of Denglai could not receive full military pay for a long time, and their lives were very hard, and they could not be replenished when they died of illness and fled. After the dismissal of the governor of Denglai, the coastal green battalion soldiers had no one to speak for them, and their lives became even more miserable.

The soldiers of the Green Battalion were paid in full, and they only had an income of 24 taels of silver grain a year, which could barely maintain the food and clothing of the whole family, and he had to take money out of these incomes to buy military uniforms and gunpowder to cope with daily training, which was not enough to spend.

The remaining strength of the three battalions was less than half of the strength set in 1644, leaving only 34,000 men. It is this little soldier who must be scattered and stationed on the flood land of most of the Jiaodong Peninsula, with two or three soldiers in this chimney and twenty or thirty soldiers in that city.

This is certainly not enough, so Shandong still has to rely on the guards to maintain the coastal defense on the surface.

In the late Ming Dynasty, there were two major tumors, the clan and the guard, and the so-called civil officials and gentry were not worth mentioning at all compared with these two hereditary nobles.

The Ming Dynasty consumed countless social resources on the hereditary officers of the guards.

There are not only people in the hereditary officer families of the guards, but also people who take the imperial examination to become civil officials, and at the same time grasp the local civil and military powers, forming a terrible system of guards and gentry.

For example, Shandong Chengshanwei, this smallest guard has as many as 17 hereditary commanders.

When Zhu Yuanzhang set up the guard station, he said that raising one million soldiers would not cost the people a penny, which was complete nonsense.

There is space for land division in the border areas, but only a small amount of land can be used for farming in the interior and coastal garrisons, and the garrisons have relied on local areas to intercept silver grain to feed soldiers from the beginning.

How innocent are the people? Where can you afford so many nobles.

The military household left by Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di to future generations was not only the foundation of the Ming Dynasty's rule, but also the fundamental reason for the demise of the Ming Dynasty.

In the late Ming Dynasty, it was impossible to maintain both the field troops under the suppression system and the hereditary military households of the guards.

Emperor Chongzhen probably understood this problem, the Ming Emperors of the past dynasties, only Chongzhen had the courage to open the knife on the privileges of the guard, a certain period of Jinshi, he did not record a military household, but he can only do it to this extent.

When the Tatars entered the customs, they did not have to carry the burden of the Ming Dynasty. However, it is difficult to return to the guard, and it is very complicated to change.

The general principle of the Tatar people's reorganization of the national guards was to abolish the military functions of the guards, the military households were changed to tunding, the hereditary officials were changed to liuguan officials, and the small soldiers of the military households became tenant farmers, no longer serfs of hereditary officers, and they paid grain and taxes like ordinary households. The place where the guards were originally supported withheld silver grain was handed over to the central government, and this alone brought 10 million taels of central financial revenue to the Tatar court.

In consideration of the practical difficulties, the Tatars still retained part of the military functions of the Shandong Coastal Defense Station after sorting out and reforming most of the country's guard posts in the early years of Shunzhi. The six guards of Weihai, Chengshan, Dasong, Jinghai, Lingshan, and Aoshan still enjoy privileges as in the Ming Dynasty, do not pay taxes and do not accept forced labor, and the number of students and lifters is more than that of private households.

Later, the Tatars also tried to empty all the guards, but the resistance was too great to move.

Shandong's civil and military, half of the province's gentry all opposed the evacuation of the guards.

There are preferential treatment in the military household examination, and the gentry of the guard naturally have a strong voice in the local area. (In the end, it was Yongzheng who was stunned, and he was determined to threaten to kill his head, so he removed the six guards along the coast of Shandong, changed the military households to civilians, and paid taxes as usual.) )

At that time, Huang Fei, the naval division of the Ming army, led tens of thousands of soldiers and civilians in Dengzhou to the south and evacuated Dengzhou City, but it was impossible for him to evacuate all the military households in the Jiaodong area. These remaining military households became an important part of the Tatar coastal defense in Shandong.

In the words of the Tatar officers, the people of the border and sea areas were far away from the prefectures and counties, and they were close to the guards. With the Green Battalion Flood Soldiers as the core, there is something to order the garrison of the guard to summon the people of Tunding to go to the city to defend or assist in the arrest, which is indeed a good practice, but this can only deal with small-scale pirate invasions.

At this time, the Tatars had not yet built Macao-style coastal defense forts throughout the country, and the coastal defense facilities were still those fortifications left behind by the Ming army. The Tatars had a total of 100 forts along the coast of Denglai II, all of which were slightly rebuilt on the basis of the chimney piers of the guards, and were not permanent fortifications.

The so-called fort is nothing more than a three-storey rammed earth mound, with three barracks under the pier and a wooden thatched pavilion on top to keep out the rain.

According to the establishment, each chimney fort needs to be garrisoned by 5 green battalion soldiers. This kind of coastal defense facility is made to show the officials who do not know how to do it, because the military pay is insufficient, there are only 1 or 2 soldiers guarding the gate at ordinary times, and the barracks are empty and no one is stationed. If there is a superior official to inspect, he will send someone to make a show.