A caliber of less than 13mm is called a light arquebus, and a caliber of more than 13mm is a heavy arquebus.

At this time, the East Asian arquebus originated from the "Malacca" arquebus used by the Portuguese in South Asia, and Japan was the first country to introduce the arquebus, which was imitated and called the iron cannon.

The Ming Dynasty also introduced the Portuguese Malacca arquebus, which was not promoted, and the Ming army found that the Japanese improved iron cannon was more suitable for the East Asian battlefield during the invasion of the Jiajing Japanese invaders, so the iron cannon was used as a template for mass production, because the arquebus hit rate was far greater than the bow and arrow, and could be used to hit birds, called bird guns.

The most striking feature of the bird gun is that the handle is bent downward, which is combined with a close shot to the cheek.

Very few Ming soldiers were armed with Turkish-style arquebuses, known as the Rumi guns, which had a longer barrel than the birds, a bed with an iron bracket, a straight, narrow butt, slightly inclined downward, and fired at the shoulder.

The Federal Army imitated the Swedish arquebus, which was long, straight, and shot at the shoulder.

Now the current situation of the equipment of the Ming army is like this, chaos, chaos, mess, everything. Li Mingzhong and some of the Ming army were also armed with a large number of disgusting three-eyed guns and fast guns.

It's not appropriate to change clothes before the battle, that will only make the rookie more vegetable. Moreover, Hainan does not have the financial resources to redress tens of thousands of troops in Haibei for the time being.

The arquebus barrel is very troublesome to build, and the price of a qualified shotgun is 3 to 5 taels, and the price of a bow is also about 3 taels. In comparison, the price of a three-eyed gun is only 7 yuan silver.

Shou ordered handed the shotgun back to the soldier, shook his head, and left the barracks.

The next day, the north wind blew the battle flags whirling.

The strength of the company was only doubled, and the orderly encirclement was not deployed.

Heavy artillery was fired, and 18-pounder shells flew into the enemy camp, crushing everything they touched.

Shou Xiang pulled out the binoculars, and the Green Battalion soldiers hid in a few newly dug trenches, but they learned to dodge the artillery.

The 18-pounder gun brought to Wuchuan was an iron cannon, and half an hour after firing, firing was suspended to cool the barrel.

"Let the Ming army rush." Keeping the order to Zhang Shijie said.

Several teams of peripheral Ming troops and Hainan soldiers advanced with weapons.

The Green Battalion leaned out of the trench and ping-pong.

Shou Xuan couldn't help but scold, as expected, except for the troops who had fought in Guangzhou, the other Ming troops would not stick to their gills when they hit birds, and they were all fighting birds with their guns pointing up.

"I can't teach well after teaching for so long! Who is in command of that force? ”

Zhang Shijie was helpless, "Li Mingzhong's people don't know, ours is Liang Kesheng." ”

"How can Qi Jiguang's regulations punish people who beat birds like this?"

“…… If the real does not stick to the cheeks, cut off the ears, and if the officer immediately beheads the soldier, he will be exempted from even the seat. If you are in battle, the officers and soldiers will be killed together. ”

"We can't control Li Mingzhong's people, just kill people, remove them, and you can take the punishment measures."

"Yes......"

Shou Xuan looked at it for a while, and sighed, "Pull it off." ”

Li Mingzhong's troops did not dare to fight again after firing 4 or 5 shots. The quality of the Ming army's bird guns is extremely poor, and it is easy to explode after 5 shots. The Ming army was equipped with many bird guns, and many of them were used to replace them in actual combat. The Japanese iron cannon and the Sanya arquebus did not have this problem, they could shoot continuously, but it would be meaningless to shoot again.

The infantry withdrew their positions as if they had been granted amnesty, and the heavy artillery took over the firing.

The order was very disappointed with the Ming army.

The poor performance of the spearmen did not affect the outcome of the battle. In the afternoon, Lian Decheng abandoned the battalion and fled northward, and the green battalion was broken off by cavalry.

Nicholas was used to defend the artillery position, Zhang Shijie occupied the enemy camp, and the light infantry pursued forward.

"Uncle Sanyuan," Shou Xuan called out to Li Laiheng, "Lian Decheng has hundreds of cavalry broken behind." ”

"Leave it to me."

Li Laiheng put down his face armor and pulled out his saber.

The loyal cavalry was roughly divided into two groups, with the front row of the column with cuirass and the back row with only the cloth armor.

The state of the war horses of the loyal battalion is much better, the quality of the cavalry is much better, and the armor is much better.

In a surprise attack, Li Laiheng rushed into the cavalry queue of the Green Battalion and was involved in hand-to-hand combat. Several groups of Ming infantry rushed over to help, dismounting the Green Battalion cavalry in rows.

Li Laiheng nodded to Ming General Leng Xiongjie and led his troops to continue the pursuit.

The Green Battalion completely collapsed, discarding its armor and flag weapons and running forward with its legs spread. The loyal cavalry regained the long-lost feel of chasing and slashing Zuo Liangyu and Sun Chuanting, and the corpses of the Tartar army were everywhere.

Wuchuan is more than 30 kilometers away from Huazhou in a straight line, and the loyal cavalry chased it out for 5 miles, and met the light cavalry of the army to report back. The cavalry of Geng Fan's brigade went south, boundless.

Boundless is, of course, an adjective that means a lot, and the scouts can't finish it.

Li Laiheng asked his soldiers to blow the conch and gather the scattered troops to retreat south.

The various units of the Ming army successively withdrew to their original positions, and the heavy artillery was transferred first in the defensive order.

Geng's brigade appeared on the battlefield, with thousands of cavalry and tens of thousands of infantry. The Ming army was covered by 6-pounder guns, and after the cavalry was broken, it withdrew to Wuchuan Island overnight. The last few 6-pounder guns could not be withdrawn, and they were all nailed.

More than 10,000 main forces of Geng Jimao appeared in Wuchuan, and he only came to demonstrate. A few days later, the Tartar army retreated eastward, leaving Gaozhou and besieged Huazhou.

The enemy was broken by Huang Yingjie, the former commander-in-chief of the Ming army who surrendered in Huizhou, and a small group of Ming troops pasted it and caused him some casualties.

All the Ming generals were relieved and actually won

After losing for so many years, I actually won.

Actually won.

Orderly is not too happy.

There were many problems with combat reactions, especially the poor shooting discipline of the Ming army.

The border army of the Ming Dynasty did not like the bird guns that required strict military discipline, and preferred to use two primitive firearms, the three-eyed gun and the fast gun, to release their anger at the enemy, and then charge in a swarm.

At that time, Qi Jiguang tried to rectify it and eliminate the three-eyed gun and fast gun from the army, but he could not withstand the strong inertia within the border army, so he had to compromise and continue to keep two kinds of garbage.

After the appearance of cannons, Qi Jiguang's car battalion had no actual combat value, but his greater contribution was the efforts to regularize the Ming army. Unfortunately, after his death, the Ming infantry, which was once again disciplined, became a flash in the pan. The Ming army continued to go all the way to the black on the desperate road of Tatarization, and North Korea even directly regarded Liaozhen as Tatar.

The Ming army that Shou Xiang has seen in the Ming army usually uses the two instruments and three talents, three talents and four phases, and four phases and five elements, which should only appear in the Xianxia plane, rather than the main material plane.

Everyone, including the Ming army, knew that it was completely useless to practice these formations, and that the enemy in the field would only fire firearms indiscriminately, and then be slaughtered by the Tatars.

Ironically, the Tatars were better at learning advanced military technology than the Ming army.

The old slave relied on the Han Ilgen (free people) class to establish a firearm Han army, which accounted for one-third of the strong strength of the Eight Banners, of course, came from the Ming army, but the actual combat effect of the surrendered Ming army was not good, coupled with some economic reasons, the old slave eliminated Ilgen, and the Han people entered the banner as a slave.

When Huang Taiji ascended the throne, Bingzi invaded Korea in a chaotic manner, and under the resistance of Korean spearmen, 12 middle and senior generals were killed and suffered heavy losses.

After the war, Huang Taiji transferred 1,600 prisoners of war to form 8 Korean leaders, one for each flag, all armed with bird guns. The Korean shotgun tactics came from Japan, and many of the Korean soldiers were surrendered to the Japanese, and these Japanese veterans brought the "three-stage strike" of large-scale use of shotguns in the Warring States Field War into the Eight Banners Army.

In the decisive battle of Songjin, Huang Taiji specially transferred Korean spearmen to reinforce. These North Korean soldiers knocked out 9,700 kilograms of gunpowder and more than 50,000 rounds of lead bullets on the Songjin battlefield. With a small force of 1,000 men, this shotgunner achieved very good results.

The Tatars learned to line the rifle infantry, naming it the "chain of the bunzha", and on this basis developed progressive, chain, square battalion, and regimental battalion formations.

The core element of infantry is military discipline, the Ming army has no military discipline, and what the infantry thinks about when they go to the battlefield is how to escape, so they must be fenced with a car camp to prohibit them from running. And the harsh military discipline of the Eight Banners is in line with the essence of the use of infantry.

The problem of shooting by the Ming army had to be solved.

Platoon gun salvos depend on discipline, and shooting will never be good without solving the problems of overall military discipline and army structure.

These Ming armies in Haibei and Hainan are more allies, and it was difficult to intervene too deeply in the past. Relying on martial arts generals is useless, so you can only start from scratch. In this case, the Ming army should not use too much force, and it is inconvenient for them to come forward in order themselves, so they took advantage of the prestige after the great victory to send civilian officials to all the Ming army.

The pro-people officials in the peripheral areas, Zhixian, Tongzhi, and Zhizhou, all gave up the right to appoint Hainan, and this time with the help of Guangdong in Qiongzhou, in the name of the Inspectorate and Envoy Department, sent supervision officers into the various armies.

The report of the small town according to the inspection of affairs, the large town according to the inspection of the deputy envoy, and the report of the supervisor is one of the considerations for the distribution of materials in Hainan. Shou Xiang hopes to use this softer way to reshape the Ming army system, at least like a regular army.

Post-disaster reconstruction has begun in various places.

Three of the sharp-angled platforms in Huazhou were damaged, and the defenders lost half of their firepower and equipment. Once a Star Fort is destroyed, the destruction of the remaining defenses will be accelerated. Geng Jimao had no experience in fighting fortresses, and he didn't know that he was close to success.

This battle consumed many veterans of Geng Fan, and Lian Decheng and Xianqiyu were even more severely damaged. But Shang Kexi and Geng Jimao own the whole province of Guangdong, and they are more resilient, and there are Tatars who occupy most of China behind them, and they will definitely come again.

Taking advantage of the desperate respite, the Ming army cleaned up the mess, strengthened the city walls, and repaired the fortress.

The camps and forts of Huazhou, Lianjiang, and Suixi were five or six out of ten, and the losses were heavy. Personnel are on the one hand, and on the other hand, the situation in which the ministries have managed to settle down has been disrupted.

The Ming army and their families put away their grief, they have experienced too many such scenes over the years, they did not panic, including the elderly and children, all of them devoted themselves to the reconstruction work.

Time is life, and the Ming army has no time to waste.

……

On New Year's Day in 1652, on November 19 of the fifth year of Yongli, Pingle Mansion was lost. The guard general Zhu Min committed suicide in a big robe like entering the virtuous crown.

Three days later, the Tatar Guangxi Admiral Line captured Kunlun Pass. The Yudian battalion retreated 50 miles, and Chen Jin, the secretary of the superintendent of the army, committed suicide and was rescued, and returned to Nanning to report emergency.

He Jiuyi, the general of the Qin Domain, dragged the line to De'an, and more than 3,000 people from Yongli Tianzi, civil and military ministers, harem concubines, forbidden soldiers and family members boarded the boat, escorted by 1,000 Qin Domain cavalry, and traced the left river upstream.

The water upstream is shallow, and the boat will eventually sail. The Son of Heaven abandoned the boat and landed in Zuojiang Road (now Chongzuo) in Guangxi. Some of the Praetorian soldiers took the opportunity to break away from the troops, and the scene was extremely chaotic. The loyal forbidden army lifted the emperor's throne all the way to the west, and the minister's family hurriedly followed.

Many officials, including Chen Jin, were left behind and scattered in the 100,000 mountains.

The 16-year-old Princess Anhua fell ill, and she and her sister Princess Guangde watched the emperor's brother's royal car disappear into the vast mountains, leaving only an old eunuch and minister Huang Liao by her side.