Guo Yaoshi, a general of the Liao, Song and Jin dynasties. Defective generals. A native of Tiezhou, Bohai (now Gaipingdong, Liaoning).

Liao recruited Liaodong people as soldiers, known as

"Resentful army", the pharmacist is handsome. Liao died, the pharmacist returned to the Song Dynasty with Zhuo and Yi Erzhou, and the Song Dynasty ordered the deputy Wang Anzhong to guard Yanshan.

Zongwang's army went to Sanhe, the pharmacist refused to fight in Baihe, the army was defeated and surrendered to Jin, and Taizong ordered to stay in Yanjing and give the surname Wanyan.

Later, he attacked the Song Dynasty from Zongwang, and because he knew the reality of the Song Dynasty, he made Zongwang's hanging army go deep and won a complete victory. Hailing ascended the throne and restored his surname.

The remnants of Liao, Guo Yaoshi, a native of Tiezhou, Bohai, whose ancestors and years of birth are unknown. In the sixth year of Tianqing (1116) of Emperor Tianzuo of Liao, Gao Yongchang, a native of Bohai, killed Xiao Baoxian in Liaodong, proclaimed himself the emperor of the Great Bohai Kingdom, changed the Yuan to Yingshun, and occupied more than 50 states in eastern Liaodong.

Emperor Tianzuo sent Prime Minister Zhang Lin to crusade, and was defeated by the Jurchen soldiers supporting Gao Yongchang in Shenzhou. So Emperor Tianzuo awarded Yeluchun, the king of Yan, as the marshal of the capital, recruited the hungry people in Liaodong, and took revenge on the Jurchens

The "resentment army" is divided into eight battalions of 28,000 people, including the Qianyi Battalion, the Houyi Battalion, the Qianjin Battalion, the Houjin Battalion, the Qianxian Battalion, the Xian Battalion, and the Yanzhou Battalion, and Guo Yaoshi is one of the leaders.

Since then, Pharmacist Guo has stepped onto the stage of history. After the establishment of the resentment army, not only was the battle unfavorable, but also rebelled one after another.

In the first year of Baoda (1121), Dong Xiaocun, the general of the resentment army on the southeast road, was executed because of the unfavorable rebellion in Lizhou, so his subordinates Luo Qinghan and Dong Zhongsun led the resentment army to rebel.

Liaodu Tong Yelu Yu Jian and Xiao Gan led troops to quell the rebellion. Guo Yaoshi and others killed several Luo Qinghan and accepted Zhao'an.

Liao selected 2,000 people from them to organize into four battalions, and appointed Guo Yaoshi, Zhang Linghui, Liu Shunren, and Zhen Wuchen to lead each other.

The remaining 6,000 people were sent to the forbidden army. In order to completely solve the problem of resentment against the army, Yelu Yujian suggested to Xiao Gan: "The year before last, the two battalions rebelled and plundered Qianzhou, and they have been recruited from Zhao'an; This year, the whole army rebelled and attacked Jinzhou. If our army does not come, the city will be broken, and tens of thousands of residents will be killed. The so-called resentment of the army failed to repay the grievances of the Jin people, and repeatedly complained against my family. Now, if you take advantage of it to disarm and send troops to cover up and kill all of them, you will never be in trouble. [2] But Xiao Gan disagreed, arguing

"There are also those who are loyal and righteous for a while, how can they be killed?" [3] Pharmacist Guo and others were able to save their lives.

At this point, the characteristics of Pharmacist Guo's fickleness and capriciousness have begun to emerge. And the resentful army is indeed as Yelu Yu said, and has become Liao's trouble.

In March of the second year of Baoda (1122), under the attack of Jin soldiers, Emperor Tianzuo fled to Jiashan, Yeluchun stayed in Nanjing, changed the Yuan and Jianfu, and was known as Northern Liao in history.

Yeluchun changed the resentment army to a victorious army. cause

"The pharmacist is young and strong, and his appearance is quite majestic, while Shen Yi is resolute and courageous, and he is very powerful, and many people attach to him. At the beginning, he was recommended by the four armies of Wuyong to be awarded the palace straight, from the Jurchen, and accumulated the merits before and after",[4] so he was promoted to Guo Yaoshi as the capital to take charge of the Changsheng army and stay in Zhuozhou.

In April, Song Yitai led the Privy Council secretary Tong Guan to lead 100,000 troops to attack the Northern Liao regime as the Xuanfu envoy of Shaanxi, Hedong and Hebei Road.

Due to the containment of Huizong and the incompetence of the Song generals, the Song Yang Keshi Department and the Xinxing Sect were successively defeated by the Northern Liao Yelu Dashi and Xiao Gan.

"From the south of Xiongzhou, the north of Mozhou, between Tangbo and the west of Xiongzhou, Baozhou, and Zhending, the dead bodies are unforgettable."

[5] In June, Ye Luchun fell ill and died, and his wife Xiao Puxian became the empress dowager, and Xiao Gan was the dictatorship of the Northern Privy Council.

In July, the Song Dynasty took Liu Yanqing as the capital and led an army of 200,000 troops to Northern Liao again. At this time, the Northern Liao regime was already in internal and external difficulties, and the former Taiwei Li Chuwen and his son were executed by Tong Guan, and

"At the beginning of the Yan Wang's prerogation, there were many Han troops and few troops, Xiao Gan suggested that more than 2,000 people from the east and west Xi and the kings of the north and south, the king of the second room, and the leather room dragged the division."

[6] There is no longer trust in the Han Chinese. At this point, Empress Xiao and Xiao Gan and others were afraid that the Han people, especially the Chang Shengjun, would change.

"Will be plotted". [7] Guo Yaoshi urgently summoned his subordinates and encouraged them to defect to the Song Dynasty. thereupon

"Thousands of mouths shouted, all responded, and then imprisoned the prison army Xiao Yuqing and others, and sent the regiment to train Zhao Heshou to have 8,000 elite soldiers, 500 iron cavalry, and four counties in one state to surrender."

[8] Guo Yaoshi's fall to the Song Dynasty deprived the Northern Liao of an important armament. After the deliberation of the military officials, Empress Xiao was forced to pay tribute to Song and Jin at the same time to maintain the situation of lingering.

When Song Zhili ranked Guo Pharmacist descended to the Song Dynasty, he made a very emotional descent. He first expressed his strong sense of national identity with the Song, and at the same time said that he was originally loyal to Liao, but Empress Xiao repaid the grievances, and the Song Dynasty was really forced to surrender.

Due to Guo Yaoshi's familiarity with the Liao situation and his possession of such an important armed force as the Changsheng Army, the Song appointed him as the observer of Enzhou and still knew the military of Zhuozhou.

Zhang Linghui, Liu Shunren, Zhen Wuchen, Zhao Heshou, and other leaders of the Changsheng Army, who surrendered at the same time, were also promoted to Fu Zhi and belonged to Liu Yanqing's department.

After receiving the surrender of Northern Liao, Huizong thought that the recovery of Yanjing was imminent, so he couldn't wait to change the name of Yanjing to Yanshan Mansion, and urged Liu Yanqing to march as soon as possible.

Liu Yanqing adopted Guo Yaoshi's opinion: taking advantage of Xiao Gan's main force on the front line and raiding Yanjing with light cavalry, he will definitely get a response from the Han people in the city, and Yanjing will definitely be taken.

So he ordered Guo Yaoshi to lead the Changsheng army of 1,000 people as the vanguard, followed by Yang Keshi, Gao Shixuan and others. The pharmacist department led Zhen Wuchen to understand the situation of Yanjing with 50 people of the Changsheng army mixed with the residents on the outskirts of the city to seize the Yingchun Gate, and the army followed, and the 7 city gates of Yanjing respectively sent 2 generals to lead 200 soldiers to defend it.

At this time, it seems that Yanjing will return to the Song Dynasty. But at this critical moment, instead of appeasing the people in the city, the Song general issued an erroneous order: kill the Khitan and Xi people in the city.

And the Song soldiers were disordered in discipline, drinking and robbing everywhere, which caused a strong resistance, and Empress Xiao also ordered Xiao Gan to rush back to help.

In this way, the Song army fought hard for three days and nights, and there were no reinforcements outside, only Guo Yaoshi, Yang Keshi and hundreds of soldiers were lucky to escape, and most of the soldiers such as Gao Shixuan died in the city.

In this surprise attack on Yanjing, Guo Yaoshi's strategy was not high, but due to the discipline disorder of the Song soldiers, the wrong national policy, the many contradictions between the generals and the cowardice and incompetence of the main general Liu Yanqing, the success was lost, and the recovery of Yanjing became a failure.

Immediately, Liu Yanqing burned the camp and collapsed, the Liao army attacked, and the Song soldiers were defeated. So far, Song's two battles against Yan have failed.

Despite the defeat in the war, Huizong still favored Guo Yaoshi,

"Enter the Anyuan Army to undertake the Xuan Envoy, in December, worship the Wutai Army Festival Envoy. (Xuanhe) five years (1123) in the first month, plus the inspection of the school of major protection, with the knowledge of Yanshan Mansion. [9] In June, he was summoned to the court, given to the concubine of the house, and personally summoned him in the Yanchun Hall of the Houyuan.

"The pharmacist bowed to the court and wept: 'The minister is in captivity, and when he hears that Emperor Zhao is in the sky, it does not mean that he has to look at the dragon's face today.'" The emperor praised it deeply, entrusted him with Shouyan, and said: "I am willing to serve death." He also ordered Tianzuo to take the hope of the Yan people, and changed color and said: "Tianzuo, the minister is the master, the country is broken, and the minister is surrendering." His Majesty's envoys are ordered by him, and he does not dare to resign, if he rebels against the master, His Majesty is willing to pay others. Because weeping is like rain. [10] This performance of Guo Yaoshi was deeply appreciated by Huizong, who gave him two golden basins and a royal bead robe, and the official inspector was the master of the school.

In March of the fifth year of Xuanhe (1123), according to the original Song Jin

Under the terms of the "Maritime Alliance", Jin handed over Yanjing and the nearby six states to Song, and Jin relied on the original agreement

"The number of households outside Songting and Yuguan returned to the country, and more than 8,000 households such as Guo Yaoshi, the commander of the Changsheng army, were requested, and the Yuan family was also from Liaodong."

[11] The Song Dynasty believed that by returning the Yan people to Jin instead of the Changsheng army, not only could the Changsheng army be retained, but also the Yan people's land and land were used to support the Changsheng army, and the state did not need to pay for food, which could be described as killing two birds with one stone.

During his tenure in Tongzhi Yanshan Mansion, Guo Yaoshi relied on the grace of Huizong, did whatever he wanted, and flew high.

And the prefect Wang Anzhong

"Can't make it, the first song is meant to be done". [12] The imperial court tried to supply all the weapons, armor, staff, and horses that Guo Yaoshi wanted.

He sent his subordinates to the states within the Song Dynasty to do business and earn money. He also summoned the craftsmen of Emperor Tianzuo to make all kinds of rare things and make friends with the powerful.

At this time, there were 50,000 victorious troops, and the township soldiers were claimed to be 300,000. But Pharmacist Guo and his subordinates did not change

"Zuo Wei", that is, he still wears Liao clothes, not Song clothes. At that time, people compared it to An Lushan. Although Guo Yaoshi was difficult to restrain him, he also made some military achievements for Song.

After Yanjing was broken by the Jin soldiers, Xiao Gan called himself the Divine Emperor of the Great Xi State and changed his name to Yuan Tianfu. In June of the fifth year of Song Xuanhe (1123), Xiao Gan led his troops out of Lulongling due to lack of food and attacked Jingzhou.

He defeated the victorious army Zhang Linghui and Liu Shunren in Shimen Town and captured Jizhou. At that time, the situation was very critical, and Tong Guan moved from Beijing to reprimand Wang Anzhong and Guo Yaoshi.

In July, Guo Yaoshi and Xiao Gan fought in the waist shop, defeated Xiao Gan, and pursued Lu Longling with victory, killing more than half of them.

Xiao Gan was killed by his subordinate Bai Dege, and his head was sacrificed to Song. In August, Guo Yaoshi defeated Xiao's cadres and captured Alu Taishi alive, and obtained the honorific title of Yelu Deguang of Liao Taizong and painted the gold seal, relieving the threat of the remnants of Liao to the Song.

Song Kim's

The "Sea Alliance" was only a short-lived alliance based on the siege of Liao, and once Liao died and the Song and Jin directly bordered, war was inevitable.

In November of the third year of Jin Tianhui (1125, the seventh year of Song Xuanhe), the Jin soldiers attacked the Song Dynasty in the east and west, and the East Route Army took Zongwang (斡立不) as the capital of Nanjing Road, entered Yanshan from Nanjing, and even trapped Tan and Jizhou.

Guo Yaoshi led the Chang Sheng army to meet the Jin army at Baihe.

"The soldiers of the pharmacist are distinct, the infantry is clean, and the Jin people are afraid at first sight. It is not to look east and worship the sun, but to order all the troops to advance. The pharmacist fought for more than 30 miles, the Jin people had already gone north, Zhang Linghui and others fled first, and the Jin people chased after them."

[13] The escape of Zhang Linghui and others led to the complete rout of the Changsheng army, and Yanjing could not hold it.

Guo Yaoshi discussed surrender with Cai Jing of Song Zhiyanshan Mansion, but Cai Jing was unwilling, so Guo Yaoshi detained Cai Jing and the transfer envoy Lu Yihao and others, and surrendered to Zongwang.

Jin Bing entered Yanjing. After the news reached the Song court,

"The emperor is still secret, and he is willing to cut the land with the king of Yan, so that the world will be guarded, and there is nothing to do." [14] In the chaotic situation at that time, Guo Yaoshi ignored Song's great kindness to him, and once again chose to change, and Song Zhi

"Powerful Rank" and become Jinzhi

"Hero". After the meritorious man of gold, Pharmacist Guo, lowered the gold,

"Taizong took the pharmacist as Yanjing to stay, gave him a gold medal, and gave him the surname Wanyan. From Zongwang to the Song Dynasty, everything in the Song Dynasty is false and real, and the pharmacist knows everything."

[14] Due to Guo Yaoshi's understanding of the Song situation, Zong Wang sent Yanjing south to attack the Song Dynasty, and Guo Yaoshi led 1,000 cavalry as the vanguard.

The pharmacist resigned with few soldiers, and the Jin people gave him 1,000 cavalry, and ordered him not to kill the prefectures and counties he passed through without authorization.

The news that Later Hui Zongchan was located in Qinzong reached Zongwang's camp, and Zongwang wanted to withdraw for fear that the Song Dynasty would be prepared.

"Guo Yaoshi said that the Southern Dynasty may not be prepared, saying that the wealth of Bianjing and the palace ban are not the ratio of Yanshan, so that the prince Langjun soldiers are fast, and they can take advantage of this momentum to break the bamboo, rush to the big river, and the soldiers will break the victory, but they can return without a fight. Gou heard that he was prepared, Yaobing Hebei, and looking at the Southern Dynasty to show the prestige of the country, and it was not too late to return."

[15] In this way, Zongwang followed his advice and drove straight ahead. On the seventh day of the first month of the fourth year of Jintianhui, Zongwang's headquarters arrived in Bianjing, guided by Guo Yaoshi, and stationed in Mutuogang, northwest of the city.

Previously, Guo Yaoshi had played in Mutuogang, and knew that Song's Tiansi Prison had 20,000 horses and fodder here, so he guided Zong Wang to take it all.

The Jin soldiers could not attack Bianjing, and negotiated peace with the Song Dynasty, Jin

"The province of the palace and the invitation to take treasures to play are also guided by the pharmacist." [16] In this way, Pharmacist Guo made great contributions to Jin.

But after Jin retreated, Zong Wang found an excuse to capture Guo Yaoshi's victorious army. After that, Guo Yaoshi's experience was not recorded in the biography of "History of the Song Dynasty" and "History of Jin", but clues can be found in books such as "Chronicles of the Great Jin Kingdom" and "Records of the Years since the Establishment of Yan".

In the autumn of the tenth year of Jintianhui (1132), Guo Yaoshi, who was then the guard of Pingzhou, was imprisoned in the marshal's palace for unknown reasons and was soon released, but his family property was obtained by the left deputy marshal Wanyan Zonghan.

In this regard, the author of "Dajin Guozhi" has a very appropriate comment: "Although Dajin uses it with expediency, is there no doubt about it? Beginning to seize its victorious army and armoured saddle horses to disperse, and then seized its family wealth and confiscated it, the pharmacist was fortunate not to die. [17] Since then, Pharmacist Guo has not been recorded in historical records.

"Jin History" said: Guo Yaoshi, a native of Tiezhou, Bohai. The Liao State recruited Liaodong people as soldiers, so that the grievances were reported to the female straight, and they said

"Resentful army", the pharmacist is his commander. Hulugu attacked Xianzhou and defeated the medicine master under the city. Emperor Liao died to protect Tiande, and Yelu pinched himself and reformed

"Resentful army" for

"Victorious Army", General Zhu Wei, the pharmacist. Pinched to death, his wife Concubine Xiao weighed the system, and the pharmacist returned to Song with Zhuo and Yi Erzhou.

The pharmacist sent 6,000 Song soldiers to Yanjing, and Zhen Wuchen took the Spring Gate with 5,000 people, all of whom entered the city. Concubine Xiao ordered the city gate to be closed and fought with the Song soldiers.

The pharmacist was defeated, lost his horse and walked away, and crossed the city to avoid it. The Song people still appreciated it. Jin Shi Taizu cut the six states of Yanshan and the Song people, and the Song Dynasty made the deputy pharmacist Wang Anzhong guard Yanshan.

And Anzhong can't shelter Zhang Jue and kill him, and the head of the letter is with Zongwang, the pharmacist is deep in the Song people, and has no ambition to self-consolidate.

Zongwang's army went to Sanhe, and the pharmacists and others refused to fight in Baihe. The army is defeated, and the medicine master is surrendered. Zong Wang then took Yanshan.

Taizong took the pharmacist as the Yanjing guard, gave him a gold medal, and gave him the surname Wanyan. From Zongwang to the Song Dynasty, everything in the Song Dynasty is false and real, and the pharmacist knows everything.

Zong hopes to be able to go deep with the hanging army, garrison under Biancheng, make a pledge to pay money, and cut the land to return to victory, and the pharmacist can measure the feelings of the Song people, and he is willing to do so.

And the two towns were not restrained, and ordered the generals to ask for it, and the pharmacist broke through the Shun'an military camp and killed more than 3,000 people. Hailing ascended the throne, and all the surnames were duplicated, so the pharmacist Anguo was still surnamed Guo.