http://10.168.58.178/qidian/post.php?id=3225431&cid=343240807 Jin Liang once went to the Mongolian steppe to play in the later harmonious and prosperous years, and the herdsmen of the hot weapon era and the herdsmen of the cold weapon era seemed to have no blood inheritance, hospitable, auspicious and auspicious, Jin Liang completely forgot that the wolf totem written by a certain bastard was to praise these nomads. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 infoAfter the reform and opening up, in order to pursue economic interests, those post-modern herdsmen began to overgraze the grasslands for 30 years, causing the tragic consequences of the wind and sand entering the imperial capital, and began to try to make up for it.

Jin Liang felt that some of the postmodern herdsmen's compensatory practices for the environment were worthy of reference for the herdsmen in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, so he said to Tian Chou and other officials in charge of animal husbandry: "I repeat that sheep are restricted from free-range, but not from captivity.

You can choose some grasses that are especially good for horses and sheep, for example, alfalfa is the best grass for horses, and herders can grow large patches of alfalfa on the grassland and then harvest it to feed the horses, and the same can be said for sheep, so that the sheep will not have a chance to uproot the grass again.

For horse breeding, the ranch we originally built has been relatively successful, so I won't repeat it, I'll talk about how to keep sheep in captivity.

Most of the fields and orchards that are not suitable for grazing can be planted with pasture, and then the grass can be harvested to feed horses and sheep, and at the same time, wheat, grain and other crop straw can be used to feed horses and sheep.

Captive sheep are conducive to accumulating farm fertilizer, and the contents of sheep manure are conducive to improving the soil and increasing the yield of grain per mu.

After raising sheep in captivity, go out with a sickle and come back with a bundle of grass, which can make full use of idle labor and raise sheep in every household, so that not only herdsmen can raise sheep, but farmers can also raise sheep.

Captivity is to raise sheep in a concentrated manner, which can minimize the spread of disease in the flock, when the plague comes again, there will be no phenomenon of tens of thousands of dead sheep, raising goats on the grassland, the most common problem is summer fat, autumn strong, winter thin, spring death such a bad phenomenon that changes with the season, once captive, this situation will not exist.

In addition, we have been implementing the plan of a cup of milk for one person to enhance the physique of our Han people, in addition to milk, is goat milk, in fact, goat milk is more beneficial to the human body than milk, but limited to the shape of the sheep and the milking period, goat milk production is very small, after captive sheep, it can be convenient to concentrate on milk production, which can greatly improve the concentration and yield of milk production. ”

Since then, not only are few people in the Hetao grassland under Jin Liang's control raising goats herding on the grassland, but even the herdsmen on the Mobei grassland have gradually learned to raise goats in captivity, but this has not reduced the number of goats, but because the people in many states and counties in the Central Plains have learned to raise goats in captivity to increase their income, the number of goats has doubled compared with before, goat milk, wool, and cashmereThe supply of mutton and sheepskin was also guaranteed, but it did not pose a threat to the water and soil of the grassland, because after getting used to captivity, everyone was too lazy to go to the stocking.

"Where's the cow?" Tian Chou asked, "Do you want to keep cattle in captivity?" ”

Jin Liang thought for a while, and said with a smile: "Cows, horses, these large livestock, can be captive, stocking combined, specific breeding technology, I will not repeat, you Taifu Temple professionals study well, my request is to maintain the current grassland water and soil on the basis of some appropriate breeding." First, we are now developing the Hetao, and there is an urgent shortage of cattle; Second, if you want to achieve the plan of one cup of milk a day per person, the number of cows should also be increased; Thirdly, we need a large amount of cowhide to make leather armor, because for these three reasons, the number of cattle may as well be increased by half, half in captivity, and half in free-range. ”

Jin Liang thought of the tragic lesson of the wind and sand in later generations, and thought that nearly one-third of the prairie had been desertified, and couldn't help but shiver.

He felt that it was not enough to reduce the grazing of goats, but that more critical actions must be taken to conserve soil and water and prevent desertification in the savannah.

Jin Liang proposed a "double contract system for grass and livestock" to the more than 300,000 Xiongnu herdsmen, which was a measure learned from the Mongolian Autonomous Region in later generations, and Jin Liang made some changes according to the actual situation in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.

Specifically, this system means that all the pastures in the Hetao area are owned by the central army, and then each herdsman is equally given 100 acres of pasture for grazing, and if there are eight herdsmen in this household, there will be 800 acres of pasture, and once the pasture is demarcated, it will always be the herdsman's family, and the herdsmen can no longer move from water to grass, and each herdsman must pay one cow or a horse or five sheep to the government every year as a tax to contract this pasture.

Jin Liang promulgated such a system, not only to protect water and soil and prevent desertification of the grassland, but also to control the herdsmen, if they are allowed to move freely, it will only cheapen the Xianbei people and Ding Ling people in the Mobei grassland.

This system has a mandatory 'sexual' requirement, that is, every herdsman contracted grassland must be planted with pasture, no longer relying on the sky to provide grass, can no longer watch the grass being eaten by livestock, and the herdsmen must learn to plant grass, especially for those degraded grasslands, and use agricultural measures such as soil loosening, light harrowing, shallow tillage, ploughing, and reseeding to promote the restoration of degraded grassland.

The main reason for the degradation of grassland into desert is the lack of grass and the severe imbalance. Only by forcing herders to plant grass can we increase the production capacity of artificial forage and strengthen the material basis of livestock production. Only then can it be possible to improve the individual production of livestock, speed up the turnover of livestock, and realize the return of grazing to grassland. Only by recuperating and recuperating can we promote the transformation of grassland animal husbandry from traditional extensive management to intensive and semi-intensive management. According to the experience of later generations, replanting L. chinensis in degraded L. chinensis grassland can make its productivity reach the same as that of naturally restored L. chinensis grassland within two or three years, which is a powerful measure to achieve rapid recovery. One acre of artificial grassland can make rational use of ten acres of natural grassland, so that one hundred acres of desertification and degraded grassland can be restored and rebuilt.

Jin Liang also put forward a good strategy to promote grassland soil and water conservation and increase the income of herdsmen, which is also a big strategy that Jin Liang is preparing to implement in the future: "poultry to the north and livestock to the south". "Poultry raising in pastoral areas and livestock raising in agricultural areas".

To put it simply, it is to raise poultry in the grassland and livestock in captivity in the interior.

Jin Liang's proposal was really an unheard of proposal that had never been heard of before, so that after Jin Liang put it forward, Tian Chou and other officials of the Taifu Temple were stunned, and they didn't understand what Jin Liang meant on the spot, because they couldn't think of any benefits of raising poultry on the grassland.

Jin Liang patiently explained: "I'll tell you about the benefits of raising poultry on the grassland. You can see why I'm doing this.

First, poultry farming can make full use of grassland resources. Herders generally own large areas of grassland, and many herders own hundreds of acres of grassland, but such a vast grassland does not bring much benefit to herders. The average income per mu is less than 10 yuan, which is far inferior to that of homesteaders who cultivate in the Central Plains. However, the vast grassland gives poultry a lot of activity space, as long as there are rivers, wells and other water sources next to it, the grassland can be moderately used to raise poultry, compared with four-legged sheep, horses, two-legged poultry, the destructive power of the grassland is almost negligible, because raising poultry is only the use of the space on the grassland ground, only three or four months can sell poultry, there is no disturbance to the soil, will not cause desertification and other catastrophic 'sexual' consequences, and poultry manure can also promote the growth of grassland pasture.

Second, although the grassland north of the Hetao has little rainfall, it is concentrated in June to September, during this time, the sun is sufficient, the rainfall is concentrated, the temperature is suitable, the poultry can grow healthily in this season, and the fattened poultry can be sold in the season when the grass and trees are withering, so as to avoid the strange phenomenon of mixed thinness, summer fat, and winter fat loss caused by breeding cattle, sheep, horses and other livestock.

Third, there are many kinds of insects, grass seeds, young leaves, shrub seeds, and tree species in the grassland, although people can't eat these things, but poultry can forage for food, raising chickens in the grassland can save an average of four or five catties of grain compared with feeding food in captivity at home, and these saved grains are completely poultry from the grassland to forage freely, those insects, seeds and young leaves. The entire Han Dynasty can eat 70 or 80 million chickens every year, and if they are all fed with grain, they will consume more than 400 million catties of grain, and if they are put on the grassland to graze the birds, they can save more than 400 million catties of grain, which can feed more than 1 million poor people.

Fourth, raising chickens, ducks and geese in the grassland only needs to use the three or four months of grass and trees to grow, plus the time required for incubation and later sales, the herdsmen spend less than six months before and after, if the herdsmen switch to raising poultry, they can work for half a year, rest for half a year, and the traditional winter lambing, winter grazing and other hard work, from then on away from the herdsmen. The most important thing is that even during the six months of work, the labor intensity of free-range chickens is much less than that of cattle and sheep with the same economic benefits, and older herders or women can do it. In one pastoral area, a woman raises 2,000 chickens, feeding them three times a day, in less than a quarter of an hour, less than the time it takes her to milk a cow, and a herder can easily raise 5,000 poultry.

Its five major lands have increased the income of herders. This is the most critical of these benefits, no matter how good our idea of managing the grassland is, if it cannot bring benefits to these herdsmen, it is doomed to fail, and the result of failure is that they abandon us and go to the Xianbei people and Ding Lingren. I can calculate an account with you, raising a chicken and selling it can earn 20 yuan, 5,000 chickens is 100,000 yuan, and the overall income is still more than raising cattle, sheep and horses, and it is much easier.

Sixth, reduce the damage to grasslands, reduce the risk of grassland desertification, and promote grassland restoration. There is no threat of overgrazing by large livestock, and pastures that have just suffered some damage, such as those near Baichengzi, may be exposed to sandy soil, but if you actively grow grass and raise poultry, you can restore the local pastures to their best time in a year or two.

Seventh, the grassland air is fresh, there is no epidemic in the Central Plains, chickens, ducks and geese are stocked in the grassland, and there are few diseases, so you can rest assured. ”

After Jin Liang said the seven benefits of raising poultry in the grassland, Tian Chou and other officials of the Taifu Temple looked at each other, Jin Liang was right, these benefits can be confirmed and known, but the general has been in the army, how could he know so many poultry breeding, but they dare not ask, Jin Liang will not tell them that he has visited a large chicken farm in the Mongolian pastoral area in later life.

Tian Chou thought for a while and asked a question: "The main rooster, ducks, geese and other poultry peck some insects from among the grass and trees, and eat them, but they eat grass seeds, young leaves, shrub seeds, and tree species, which will destroy the reproduction of pastures, shrubs, and trees, and may not be conducive to consolidating water and soil." ”

Tian Chou's question is difficult to fall into, Jin Liang, who grew up in the grassland, thought about it and replied: "Grass, shrubs, and trees bear countless seeds every year, and how many of them are bred in the end, and most of the seeds are spoiled because they are scattered in places that are not suitable for growth.

Of course, it is impossible to raise too much poultry on the grassland, and it is impossible to sell it if you raise too much. After all, the life of the Han people is not good now, and it is good to have a bowl of porridge to eat, who wants to buy a chicken to eat, in my reasoning, the entire Han people now eat less than one chicken a year on average, and the number of chickens, ducks and geese eaten a year will not exceed 50 million, and the Han people in various states and counties will raise some chickens, ducks and geese in their own courtyards, which can be produced and sold by themselves, and the poultry that can be raised in the first few years of the grassland will not exceed 30 million, and the 300,000 herdsmen will not be able to raise more than 100 per person.

Of course, when everyone's living standards improve, when everyone can eat dozens of chickens a year, when the entire Han has to eat a billion chickens a year, the grassland can be stocked with hundreds of millions of chickens. ”

Tian Chou asked again: "Is the lord going to start implementing it now?" ”

Jin Liang thought about it carefully for a while, shook his head lightly, and said: "Don't force it first, encourage the herdsmen to try to raise poultry, and explain the seven benefits of raising chickens, ducks and geese to the herdsmen clearly, and let them automatically and voluntarily buy chicken breeds from the government, and don't force them." ”

Despite all the measures taken to prevent the desertification of the grasslands, Jin Liang is still not optimistic about the ecological environment here.

After more than ten days of observation, Jin Liang found a fact that made him very depressed: compared with the Europa steppe at the same latitude, the shortcomings of the grassland outside the Dahan Pass are very obvious, the soil layer is thin, the water level is low, and the amount of water is small.

However, Lake Baikal and Songliao region in the eastern part of the steppe are all black soil belts, and the temperature in summer is also very high, because of the vast lake surface, the huge water body is a natural two-way giant "air conditioner", the temperature of the lakeside in summer is about 6C lower than the surrounding area, about 11C higher in winter, the relative humidity is higher, and the relative humidity is higher, with the characteristics of the ocean's nature, when the wind and rain are smooth, Duo Jinliang is ready to sweep away the Xianbei people, Ding Ling people, and Fuyu people in the future, and most of the herdsmen will move there to live there, half farming and half herding, and slowly reclaim the Great Northern Wilderness into the Great Northern Warehouse.

That fertile black land, Jin Liang drooled when he thought about it, compared to there, the Hetao area south of the Saijiang River is not so attractive, but it is still occupied by Murong Xianbei and other Xianbei tribes, and there are Liu Yu, Gongsun Zhan, Gongsun Du, Wu Huan, Central Xianbei and other forces in the middle, and Jin Liang sighed, or swept away the western Xianbei close to him, let's talk about it.

The area controlled by Xianbei in the west is very vast, the easternmost to Shanggu County, the westernmost has been close to Wusun Kingdom, the southernmost to Wuyuan County, Shuofang County, and the northernmost has been near Beihai, Beihai is what later generations called Baikal Lake, Su Wu once herded sheep there, because of the control of more territory, herdsmen and horses, strong soldiers and horses, so the western Xianbei adults rely on the central Xianbei and ascend to the top of the Xianbei Xinshan Yu Kuitou disdainful at all.

Jin Liang burned Qingyan Mountain, and defeated the 140,000 horses of the Hetao Xiongnu Tribal Alliance in one fell swoop, and this news was detected by the Xianbei scouts, and spread to the Xianbei Lord in the west through the grassland flying eagle.

Combined with the secret report transmitted by Feiying from a certain head of Xianbei in the central part of the country, knowing that after Jin Liang destroyed the Xiongnu, the soldiers would inevitably point directly at the western Xianbei, and he couldn't help but be shocked, and hurriedly convened the Tuoba tribe, the Beilu Jie Division, the Mohou Division, the Tulai Division, the Bohan Division, the Pilan Division, the Migui Division, the Yugou Division, the Tilun Division, the Yuezhi Division, the Douliuhan Division, the Qidouhun Division, the Stacking Digging Division, the Yue Dajian Division, the Fuhun Division, and other leaders of the Western Xianbei tribe to discuss the matter.

Although Jin Liang swept away the Xianbei people who came to Bingzhou in the past few years, no Xianbei warrior dared to be presumptuous under Jin Liang's halberd, but those Xianbei who invaded Bingzhou were only part of the Xianbei tribes, and the remaining tribal leaders had never dealt with Jin Liang, so they naturally didn't know how powerful Jin Liang was, and the 140,000 Hun cavalry defeated by Jin Liang were also pressed and beaten by the Xianbei people before this, so these Xianbei tribal leaders didn't think Jin Liang was anything terrible.

The Western Xianbei Lord put the son of Luoluo and proposed: "The Jinliang Central Army is mighty, so it is better for us to retreat." lure Jin Liang's army to the Mobei Prairie, and then encircle and annihilate it! ”

Most of the Xianbei tribe leaders shouted, "Putou Xiaoshuai, you still remember." When Lao Shan Yu led us to break the three-way army of the Han Dynasty? What Xianbei people never forget is that the Han Dynasty sent more than 100,000 horses to attack in three ways, and was defeated by Tanshi Huai, and seven or eight out of ten Han soldiers died. In fact, the Han army that attacked that year was only 30,000 horses, and the rest were county soldiers and auxiliaries.

These stupid Xianbei people still carry the understanding of the past, thinking that the combat strength of the Han army is still so poor, and there is nothing to fear, especially in the western Xianbei strongest tribe Tuoba Commander Tuoba Jufen is the most disdainful.

Tuoba Jiefen's father, Tuoba Lin, was the previous Tuoba Ministry, and he was for the development of Tuoba Ministry. Falsely claiming that the gods suggested that the tribes be migrated, Tuoba was old at the time, and passed it to Tuoba Jiefen, who was ordered to move south.

In the historical "Book of Wei", the ancestor of the Tuoba people who founded the Northern Wei Dynasty, Tuoba Jiefen, is depicted as a god, and in the process of Tuoba Jiefen's southward migration, "the valley is high and deep." Nine difficulties and eight obstacles", the tribe originally planned to stop, but "there are divine beasts, whose shape resembles horses, and whose voices resemble cows." The first guide, the years are out, and finally migrated to the homeland of the Xiongnu. The subsequent record is more like a myth: Later, when Jie Fen once led tens of thousands of horsemen to hunt, he saw a beautiful woman coming down from the sky, and told him that he had come to "be ordained" with Jie Fen, so he "slept together". Later, the goddess said goodbye, and a year later, the goddess gave birth to a male to Jiefen, and this man was Tuoba Liwei. After the death of Jie Fen, he was succeeded by Liwei. Tuoba Jiefen's son, in addition to the second Tuoba force is weak, there is still a long Tuoba Pigu, is the ancestor of the bald black lonely founder of the Southern Liang during the Sixteen Kingdoms period.

In fact, the reason why Tuoba Jiefen migrated to the hometown of the Xiongnu was that he was attacked by the Ding Ling people in the north and had to migrate, and Tuoba Jiefen was not as wise as the "Book of Wei" written by the traitors, and the goddess threw himself into his arms, and now Tuoba Jiefen has just migrated from Mobei, and he doesn't know much about the Han at all, thinking that the tribe has more than 100,000 people, and can pull up 30,000 or 40,000 cavalry, which is a few large tribes in the western Xianbei, and he can underestimate the Han army that has been repeatedly defeated in the hands of the Xianbei people.

Zhi Luoluo and Pu Tou's father glanced at each other, they learned from the secret report that Jin Liang hated this Tuoba Department very much, saying that as long as the Tuoba Department was destroyed, they didn't know why Jin Liang hated this Tuoba Department so much, but this Tuoba Department had just migrated from Mobei and occupied part of their territory, and Pu Tou's father didn't have a good impression of this Tuoba Department, but because of the internal unity of Xianbei in the west, he didn't rashly attack this Tuoba Department, and now the Tuoba Department wants to come out and touch the hard nail of Jinliang's Central Army, so let them touch it, It's also good to test the reality of the Central Army. (To be continued.) )