The ninth person, Geng Jingzhong, King of Jingnan of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, 88 in force, 92 in commander, 84 in intelligence, and 85 in politics;

Geng Jingzhong is the grandson of Geng Zhongming, the eldest son of Geng Jimao, and one of the three Han vassal kings in the early Qing Dynasty. The Geng family was originally from Shandong and was moved to Gaizhouwei, Liaodong. Geng Zhongming was first a general under Mao Wenlong, who was killed by Yuan Chonghuan and then surrendered to Nurhachi and incorporated into the Yellow Banner of the Han Army. At the beginning of Shunzhi, he entered the customs from Dolgon, and in 1649 he was crowned king of Jingnan. After Geng Zhongming's death, his son Geng Jimao became the lord. In 1671, Geng Jimao died, and Geng Jingzhong attacked the prince of Jingnan.

In the twelfth year of Shunzhi, Geng Jingzhong married the prince of Su, Haogenu, and was attached to the title and Shuo. After succeeding to the throne, due to the rumor that "the Son of Heaven is a doppelganger with fire ears", Geng Jingzhong persuaded the deployment of soldiers to wait for change.

At the beginning of the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, Wu Sangui, a general at the end of the Ming Dynasty, was appointed as the king of Pingxi and guarded Yunnan; Shang Kexi was the king of Pingnan, and Geng Zhongming was the king of Jingnan, and he was called the "three feudatories" at the time.

Starting from Geng Jimao, he took the opportunity of "moving the town" to build a large area of the palace. He chose the ground in the southeast of Fuzhou, centered on the current Wangzhuang, surrounded more than 2,000 houses, and occupied 300 acres of farmland in the vicinity to build the palace. The enclosed house was rewarded with 8 taels of silver for the large room, 6 taels for the middle room, and 4 taels for the small room. 3 taels per acre in the pastoral. The inhabitants were immediately evicted and were not allowed to return. So the location of the palace was called "Geng Wangzhuang", referred to as "Wangzhuang", which is still the case.

The construction of the Geng Wang's Mansion is very luxurious. For example, a pair of stone lions in front of the gate are specially selected from the "white stone" produced in Gaoyao County, Guangdong. This kind of "white stone" is bright and warm, and it is extremely white, like glass. Yang Yong, the magistrate of Gaoyao County, selected the most superb craftsmen according to the size, supervised the production day and night, and then transported it from Guangzhou to Fuzhou over thousands of mountains and rivers. The timber used in the palace was distributed to the local government, and precious varieties such as yellow nan, boxwood, black pear, and poplar were purchased, and thousands of craftsmen were hired to work in a hurry. When King Geng arrived in Fuzhou, he brought a few Indian elephants from Guangzhou to raise them near the palace, so there is still the place name of "Elephant Garden" today.

In the twelfth year of Kangxi, the Qing court issued an edict to withdraw the "three feudatories", which led to Wu Sangui rising against the Qing Dynasty.

In March of the thirteenth year of Kangxi, Geng Jingzhong responded in Fuzhou and killed Fan Chengmo, the governor of Fujian, and more than 50 of his staff. And took the opportunity of repairing the Nine Immortals Temple in the mountain, ordered to change the statue of Wang Tianjun, change the original sitting statue to a standing statue, change the "slave appearance" to an arrogant and irreverent form, and secretly rebelled against the Qing court; He also continued to develop his own feudal power, co-opted his henchmen with the title of official and Jin Jue, and sent henchmen to take over the prefectures of Yanping, Shaowu, Funing, Jianning, and Tingzhou, and bought the hearts of the people under the guise of "restoring vision";

Officials and civilians were ordered to cut braids and keep their hair, and their clothes and scarves and hats were all made in accordance with the Ming system, and they cast "Yumin Tongbao" by themselves. Seeing that the time was ripe, Geng Jingzhong proclaimed himself the president of the general of soldiers and horses, and sent troops in three ways: the east road attacked Wenzhou, Taiwan, and Chu in Zhejiang; The west road attacked Jiangxi Guangxin, Jianchang and Raozhou; The middle route attacked Jinhua and Quzhou in Zhejiang, and invited Taiwan's Zheng Jing to attack Chaozhou and Huizhou in Guangdong, and at the same time invited Taiwan's Zheng to take coastal counties and counties through the sea route as support, and the army was very strong for a while.

At that time, Shang Kexi, the king of Pingnan, did not oppose the Qing Dynasty, but merged with Wu Sangui and others to show his loyalty, and his son Shang Zhixin put Shang Kexi under house arrest in the fifteenth year of Kangxi, and only then raised the anti-flag.

Geng Jingzhong's rebellion shocked the imperial court. On the one hand, Emperor Kangxi sent troops into Fujian, issued an edict to cut down Jingzhongjue, and banned his brothers in Beijing; On the one hand, he advised Jing Gengzhong to reform himself, exterminate Zheng Jing, and continue to suppress Fujian. Geng Jingzhong ignored it and continued to raise troops to capture Jiangshan, Pingyang, Jinhua, Yiwu, and Zhuji in Zhejiang, and go deep into eastern Zhejiang; Trap Jiangxi Shicheng, enter Ningdu, Ganzhou; At one time, Huizhou and Qimen in Anhui were captured, and the team expanded to more than 100,000.

In the thirteenth year of Kangxi, the imperial court sent Prince Kang Jieshu as a general to lead the army south to Zhejiang.

In the fourteenth year of Kangxi, he recovered Chuzhou.

Due to the contradictions between the "three feudatories" and the suspicion of the anti-Qing forces in Taiwan, Geng's army lacked salaries, lost morale, and was tyrannical along the way, and soon lost the support of the people, giving the Qing army a chance to defeat each other.

In August of the fifteenth year of Kangxi, the Qing army entered the country, broke through the Xianxia Pass, entered Fujian to take Pucheng, Jianning, Keyanping, and reached the water mouth. In October, the imperial court ordered the general Jieshu to follow the edict to recruit Geng Jingzhong. The Qing army pressed the border. Geng Jingzhong offered the "Presidential General Seal" and killed Fan Chengmo to extinguish his mouth, preparing to lead the sailors to flee. However, his cronie Xu Wenhuan has secretly defected to the Qing army, and he has a heavy army, so he is loyal and not allowed to leave the city.

The Qing army went to Hongtang and entered Fuzhou, Geng Jingzhong was helpless, naked, led the civil and military officials out of the city to welcome the surrender, and asked the prince of Jingnan to remain and exterminate Zheng Jingjun from the conquest, atone for his sins, and the court was gracious. Geng Jingzhong led his troops to defeat Zheng's army. Then he marched into Chaozhou and defeated Shang Zhixin's army, and Emperor Kangxi ordered Jingzhong to garrison Chaozhou.

After Geng Jingzhong surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, he still had the heart of rebellion and was secretly denounced by his subordinates.

In the nineteenth year of Kangxi, the Qing court had different aspirations with Geng Jingzhong's loyalty, and ordered Geng Jingzhong to enter the Hajj, and dismissed the prince for the crime of conspiracy against him, and handed it over to the judiciary for trial.

In the first month of the twenty-first year of Kangxi, the rebellion of the "three feudatories" was completely quelled, and the scholar Mingzhu said: "Geng Jingzhong is loyal to the favor and rebelled, and the sin is greater than Shang Zhixin." So Emperor Kangxi issued an edict to execute Geng Jingzhong and his henchmen Bai Xianzhong, Xu Wenyao, Wang Shiyu and other Ling Chi, and Fan Chengmo's son Fan Shichong divided his meat sacrifice tomb.

After Geng Jingzhong was executed, his family was properly resettled, and he was "organized into five leaders, subordinate to the yellow flag of the Han army", "like the Han army, wearing armor and food"; His two younger brothers, Geng Zhaozhong and Geng Juzhong, both died four or five years after Geng Jingzhong was executed, and they were both given nicknames.

The tenth person, Shang Kexi, the king of Pingnan of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, 90 in force, 94 in commander, 86 in intelligence, and 88 in politics;

Shang Kexi's ancestral home is Hongdong, Shanxi, and his family is a farmer. His great-grandfather Shang Sheng moved to Hengshui, Beizhili, and his grandfather Shang Jiguan moved to Haizhou, Liaodong, and Shang Kexi was born here, ranking fourth among the five sons. When he was eighteen years old, due to the invasion of Liaoshen by the Later Jin, he moved to Songshan in western Liaoning with his father Shang Xueli for refuge, during which his mother died in the war. Later, father and son joined the Ming army successively. Shang Xueli first joined Wang Huazhen, the governor of Liaodong, and then followed Mao Wenlong to Phi Island. Shang Kexi joined the Ming Army in 1623, went to Phi Island to find his father the following year, and also joined the command of Mao Wenlong, was adopted as an adopted grandson, and was given the name Yongxi.

Soon after the father and son reunited, Shang Xueli was killed by the Houjin soldiers, and Mao Wenlong handed over Shang Xueli's subordinates to Shang Kexi to command. In October 1631, a mutiny occurred on Phi Dao, and Huang Long, the commander-in-chief of the Dongjiang River, was detained by Geng Zhongyu and Wang Yingyuan, and Shen Shikui took care of him. After hearing the news, Shang Kexi rushed back to Phi Island to suppress the mutiny, killed Geng Zhongyu, Wang Yingyuan and other leaders, and helped Huanglong to come back to see the matter.

Soon after, the Wuqiao Mutiny occurred in the Ming Dynasty, and Kong Youde, Geng Zhongming and others occupied Dengzhou and resisted the Ming army for more than a year. After the mutiny, Huanglong sent Shang Kexi and Jin Shenghuan to pacify the Dongjiang islands and expel the traitor Gao Chengyou in Lushun, and then Huanglong settled in Lushun. In February 1633, after the Ming army regained Dengzhou, Kong, Geng and others fled to the sea, Shang Kexi and was ordered by Huanglong to lead the fleet to surround the rebels, because of the hurricane and the whole army was scattered, after landing in Dengzhou, the Ming general Zu Dabi was suspected of being a traitor, fortunately Huanglong rescued and returned to Lushun. Because of his meritorious service in quelling the rebellion, he was promoted to deputy general and stationed in Hirokashima.

In July of the same year, Kong and Geng, who had already invested in Houjin, led the Houjin soldiers to capture Lushun, Huanglong was defeated and committed suicide, and Shang Kexi's wife and concubines and hundreds of family servants and maids who stayed in Lushun also threw themselves into the water and died.

After Huanglong's death, Shen Shikui took over as the commander-in-chief of the Dongjiang River. Because Shang Kexi suppressed the Phi Dao Mutiny at the beginning, causing Shen Shikui to lose power, Shen Shikui held a grudge against him and waited for an opportunity to retaliate. In October 1633, Shen Shikui deceived Shang Kexi to Phi Dao, intending to falsely accuse him of murder. This matter was discovered by Shang Kexi's subordinate Xu Erxian and others, and Shang Kexi had the intention of going.

After that, Shang Kexi sent Xu Erxian and Ban Zhifu's subordinates to Shenyang to contact Houjin. When Huang Taiji heard this, he was extremely excited, shouting "God helps me", and gave Shang Kexi the name "Heaven Helps Soldiers".

On the first day of the first month of 1634, Shang Kexi took advantage of the New Year's Day meeting to arrest the deputy generals Yu Liangtai and Qiu Zhentai, and then plundered more than 10,000 soldiers and civilians from Guanglu, Daxiaochangshan, Shicheng and Haiyang. On April 10, Shang Kexi came to Shengjing, and Huang Taiji went out of the city for 30 miles to greet him, and he was treated the same as when Kong and Geng returned to surrender in the previous year. Huang Taiji praised Shang Kexi for "reaching the right to change", "knowing the danger of fortune, and knowing the turn of the times", rewarded countless treasures, returned a total of 27 Shang Kexi family members who had been captured and could be found before, and rotated the chief military officer.

In 1636 A.D., Huang Taiji changed the name of the country to the Qing Dynasty, and sealed Kong Youde Gongshun Wang, Geng Zhongming Huaishun Wang, Shang Kexi Zhishun Wang, the early Qing Dynasty "Sanshun King", and Haizhou gave Shang Kexi as a fief, and the old department of the family was placed here. Shang Kexi received great courtesy from Huang Taiji, and later followed Huang Taiji to conquer Korea, forcing the Korean king Li Liang to sign an alliance under the city.

In 1642 AD, in the Battle of Songjin, he followed the Qing army to attack Songshan, Xingshan and other places, and made great achievements. In that year, the Qing Dynasty set up the Eight Banners of the Han Army, and Shang Kexi was incorporated into the Han Army with a blue flag.

In 1644 AD, Shang Kexi and other Sanshun kings entered the customs with the Qing army and chased Li Zicheng to Wangdu. Later, he and Wu Sangui went down with the British prince Azig Yancheng, occupied Yan'an, where Li Zicheng's nephew Li Jin was based, and then marched out of Wuguan to Huguang and Jiangxi, pursuing the rest of Li Zicheng, Li Zicheng was killed in Jiugong Mountain, and was ordered to return to Beijing.

In 1646, he attacked Hunan with Kong Youde and Geng Zhongming, and returned to Beijing in 1648. In 1649 A.D., he was renamed the "King of Pingnan", gave the gold seal and the golden book, and Geng Zhongming, the "King of Jingnan", marched into Guangdong with more than 20,000 people from the old department. They followed Tianjin, Dengzhou, Wuchang, Yueyang, Nanxiong, Shaozhou, Yingde, Qingyuan, and finally reached the city of Guangzhou.

On the way, due to the violation of military law by his subordinates, Geng Zhongming, the king of Jingnan, was sentenced by his son Geng Jimao. In February 1650, the army of Pingjing arrived in Guangzhou, all the way to the bamboo, the wind returned, the Yongli Emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty fled to Wuzhou, but Du Yonghe, the governor of the Southern Ming Dynasty and Guangzhou, refused to surrender, Shang Kexi and so on besieged the city for 10 months, and finally captured the city, massacre the residents of the city, later called the "Guangzhou Massacre". The city of Guangzhou had a population of about 400,000 at that time, and about one-fifth of the victims died.

On December 3, 1650, the second day of the destruction of the city of Guangzhou, Shang Kexi entered the city, "stopped the slaughter, sealed the treasury, collected the editions, urgently sent people to the county to watch the sacrificial vessels, so as not to scatter them, spread the county, and settled the generals and soldiers, lived for several days, and the prefectures and counties to which they belonged came and returned one after another."

In 1653, he defeated the Southern Ming general Li Dingguo in Zhaoqing, and then pacified the Chaozhou rebel general Hao Shangjiu, and defeated Li Dingguo again in Xinhui in 1654, consolidating the Qing Dynasty's rule in Guangdong.

During his 26 years in Guangdong, Shang Kexi maintained social order, rebuilt ritual music, culture and education, pacified the remnants of the Southern Ming Dynasty, promoted agricultural development, and donated funds to build Buddhist temples to accommodate monks in the late Ming Dynasty. At the same time, he has not yet carried out the enclosure as is customary. On the southeast coast, he fought against Zheng Chenggong and other coastal anti-Qing forces, and on the other hand, he wrote to the imperial court to cancel the order to move the border and ban the sea, and the imperial court suppressed the people's resistance after refusing to allow it.

Shang Kexi privately taxed in the private market in Guangdong, "no less than two millions of silver per year", monopolized salt, mines and all trade, so people at that time had the saying that "the wealth of Pingnan is the first in the world".

In October 1655, Shang Kexi asked for the first time to return to the old Liaodong with "phlegm disease", and retained the Shunzhi Emperor with "the whole of Guangdong is undecided". In 1673 A.D., Shang Kexi returned to the old Liaodong for the eleventh time, leaving his eldest son Anda Gongshang's letter to guard Guangdong. Kangxi allowed him to return to the old Liaodong, but the imperial court was difficult to control with Shang's letter and ordered the withdrawal of the feudal domain.

Shang Kexi registered and prepared to move back to Haicheng. Unexpectedly, after receiving the holy decree of the complete withdrawal of the three feudatories, Wu Sangui, the king of Pingxi, played the banner of "Xingming to seek capture", raised troops against the Qing Dynasty, and Emperor Kangxi ordered Shang Kexi to stay in Guangdong, and added Shang Zhixin as the king of Zhennan, and Shang Zhixiao, the second son of the king of Pingnan, as the general of Pingnan.

The southern group responded to Wu Sangui, and Geng Jingzhong, the king of Jingnan, also raised troops, and Yunnan, Guizhou, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi and other places were all under the jurisdiction of Wu Sangui; The generals under the command of the king of Pingnan in Guangdong also had Liu Jinzhong, Zu Zeqing and many other people raised troops in response, and the coastal islands rose together. Shang Kexi insisted on being loyal to the Qing Dynasty, and used the small land of Guangdong to contain more than 100,000 rebels who could not go north wholeheartedly, creating favorable conditions for the Qing government to quell the rebellion.

During this period, Guangdong was in danger several times, and the Qing government sent Shang Kexi's son, Shang Zhilong's men and horses, to Jiangxi and encountered obstacles, and the second transfer of troops was led by Prince Jane's Labu, and the line to Jiangxi was blocked again. The ten counties of Guangdong have lost four of them, and the city of Guangzhou is in danger, and the king of Pingnan even piled up firewood in the backyard, wanting to raise a fire at a critical moment**.

In order to envelop Shang Kexi and his subordinates, in the first month of 1675 AD, Emperor Kangxi issued another decree that Shang Kexi was crowned Prince of Pingnan. At that time, Guangdong was being attacked by thieves, and the thieves rose together, and the counties of Boluo, Heyuan, Changning, Zengcheng, and Conghua successively reported the police. In December of the same year, Shang Kexi, who felt that his time was short, summoned painters to paint 7 portraits for himself on the Zhenhai Tower in Guangzhou, and passed them on to future generations.

In February 1676, Shang Zhixin sent troops to besiege his father's mansion, seized the supreme command of Guangdong, and responded to Wu Sangui's rebellion.

On October 29 of the same year, Shang Kexi died in Guangzhou at the age of 73. Before he died, he was in a coma, suddenly opened his eyes and said: "I have received the grace of the three dynasties, and the situation is so far, I can't kill the thief, and I am innocent of death!" He ordered the sons to take out the crown clothes given by Huang Taiji, put them on, helped him up, kowtowed to the north, and said: "After I die, I will return to the funeral sea city, and my soul will be known, and I will still be the emperor in advance." "After saying that, die.

Emperor Kangxi was shocked when he heard the news and gave him the nickname "respect". The coffin was temporarily buried in the Big Buddha Temple in Guangzhou, and was buried in Fengxiang Mountain, Haizhou in 1681 AD, and then moved to Wen'an Mountain, Daxin Village, Bali Town, Haicheng City.