Chapter 33: The Virus and the World (4,000 words)

Switzerland is a very small country, and there are not many class divisions. Any citizen who applies has the opportunity to speak directly to the President of the Federation.

Any citizen who does not like a policy and has the support of enough people to support it has the power to change the constitution.

And in addition to administrative staff, most of the officials are part-time, so although the country is not large, it is very humane and a humane society.

Although there is a difference between poor and rich, the people here are hierarchical. Because a plumber may become a councillor one moment, a toothbrush vendor, and the next he may become a governor.

The current deputy president of the Federal Parliament, who was a ranger before he ran for parliament, is still on duty three days a week in the eastern mountains. The Speaker, Cessler, is also a dentist in Lausanne.

Of course, this country is very humane at home, and even the payment of taxes can be negotiated. But it is difficult for people who are extremely indifferent to foreigners and are not recognized by them to gain their trust and like.

Zhou Nan can be said to be a special case, because in the four years since he moved to Switzerland, he has risen too fast.

In many parts of Switzerland, in four years, I am afraid that you will not even know the people of a community, and how can people like you if they do not know you.

But in Switzerland now, there are almost no people who don't know Zhou Nan, and his appearance rate in the media is much higher than that of any politician.

There is no doubt about his talent, and his role in a range of Swiss foreign policy has played a positive role.

Therefore, it cannot be said that the people in this country like him, at least the people in this country accept him.

And the closer he is, the more proud the people are of him, and the local newspapers of the canton of Lucerne publish his affairs or articles almost every day.

Even Audrey and Kelly, Glewin, have been in the newspaper a few times.

As for the town of Weggis, not to mention, they have always advocated that Entlebuch accepted Zhou Nan at the beginning, and in the election at the end of the year, Entlebuch did not have any competitors, and was directly elected mayor again.

Zhou Nan donated a lot to the town, including after the second World Economic Forum, the locals tasted the sweetness and supported Zhou Nan even more.

Zhou Nan's Jonas Farm is vast, and with just a few people in his own family, I am afraid that he will not even be able to take care of the main house.

But now the only main road is guarded by Hilton guards, and even the public ranch to the north is guarded by herders who are willing to help guard it all day long, so that tourists or reporters do not break into his family's farm and disturb his cleanliness.

Although Zhou Nan's family occupies more than 500,000 square meters of land at the top of the peninsula and has no walls, no one can break in.

On the contrary is Megan's mayor Thomas, who drove Zhou Nan away from Megan, not only did not prove his power, but became a negative image that was ridiculed by everyone.

He had only been mayor for a year before he was ousted by the townspeople and moved to Vaud.

However, the house that Zhou Nan's family bought at the beginning became a treasure land because Zhou Nan lived in it for more than two years. The house was eventually contested by several and sold for a high price.

Audrey was a little surprised: "What guest?" ”

"I asked the biologist Hlein found for me...... Let's go, let's go back......"

Audrey looked at the two horses, a little reluctant. But what she liked the most was listening to Zhou Nan chatting with those scholars, although she didn't understand many of the topics they talked about, it made her feel that Zhou Nan was great. "Then I'll play with them again at night......"

"You seem to have dance training tonight...... Come back tomorrow morning. ”

When he returned to Villa Sennar with Audrey, he saw that there were already five or six guests sitting in the living room, and it was not the biologist Zhou Nan expected that was sitting on the main seat with Hellein, but a woman of fifty or sixty years old.

Although this woman's age is no longer young, she is well maintained, her temperament is graceful, her hair is combed without mess, and she looks very dignified.

Audrey likes this kind of woman the most on weekdays, so she couldn't help but look at it twice, but when she saw the overalls on her body, she was a little embarrassed, and whispered to Zhou Nan: "I'll go back and change my clothes first......"

Zhou Nan didn't know who this woman was for a while, but they had already appeared, and it would be even more rude to leave again.

The guests obviously knew that Zhou Nan had just received the horse that Marita had given them at the stable, and the newspaper had been talking about this topic for the past two days, so they didn't pay much attention to his dress.

Before Hlein could be introduced, the woman had already stood up and chuckled softly, "Jonas, Audrey, hello, I'm O'Elie's mother, you can call me Mrs. Jackie, or you can call me Aunt Effie." ”

Zhou Nan was really stunned at this moment, and after being puzzled for a while, he hurriedly greeted her, stood still in front of her, bowed slightly and said, "Aunt Effie, this surprised me so much, I once thought about meeting you." I didn't expect you to come to my house with Minister Hlein. ”

"Switzerland is a very small country, and there are always connections that connect us," she said. Minister Hlein is looking for a professional pathologist for you, and Mr. Müller is the most famous pathologist in Switzerland and is also the chief scientist of our company. So today I take this opportunity to take the opportunity to come and see you. ”

She explained the relationship between them in a few words, and also made Zhou Nan feel that Switzerland was too small. He was looking for a biologist about germs, and he went to his relative's house.

Zhou Nan has a good impression of O'Eli, especially Lily, who Zhou Nan has always liked very much. Vera is her sister, and her mother-in-law is in her own home, and of course she will be hospitable.

Zhou Nan immediately called Audrey, Audrey had already liked a temperamental woman like her, and at this time, she showed a hint of a little girl's admiration, and immediately won Mrs. Jackie's love.

Zhou Nan shook hands with the other guests one by one, and the focus was of course on the Monsieur Müller that Heller had brought with him.

After listening to Hlein's introduction, Zhou Nanden had a feeling of thunder, because this Mr. Muller is not an ordinary person, and can even be called great.

DDT was first synthesized by Outmar Chendeler in 1874, but the compound was initially used as a biological weapon. It wasn't until 1939 that the muller discovered its insecticidal properties.

The product is very effective against almost all insects, and during World War II, the use of DDT was rapidly expanded, and it was used in the treatment of malaria, dysentery, and other diseases, saving many lives and increasing crop yields.

DDT began to be used in large quantities in the form of sprays against insect-borne diseases such as yellow fever, typhus, and filariasis during World War II. In India, for example, DDT reduced malaria cases from 75 million to 5 million in 10 years. At the same time, the spraying of DDT on livestock and grains has doubled its production. DDT has played a significant role in the global campaign against malaria.

At the time of its invention, the invention of DDT, along with penicillin and the atomic bomb, was collectively known as the three major inventions of World War II.

By 1962, the incidence of malaria in the world had dropped to a very low level, and for this reason, in response to the recommendations of the World Health Organization, countries around the world issued stamps on World Health Day that year. This is the largest number of countries with the same theme, issued at the same time. In this type of stamp, many countries use DDT to spray mosquito control design.

Of course, DDT was later discovered to be very difficult to degrade in the environment and can accumulate in animal fat, and DDT has even been detected in the blood of Antarctic penguins.

In the seventies, malaria was almost eradicated because of the tremendous effect of DDT, but the environmental pollution it caused was also so serious that the use of DDT was banned in many countries.

However, in the late twentieth century, the beginning of the twenty-first century, malaria quickly made a comeback in third world countries.

In developing countries, particularly in Africa, there are about 100 million new cases of malaria each year, and about one million people die from malaria, most of them children.

Malaria is still the leading cause of death in developing countries, not only because of the resistance of the malaria parasite to therapeutic drugs such as chlorquinine, but also because there is no insecticide that is cost-effective and environmentally harmful and can replace DDT. Based on this, the World Health Organization announced in 2002 that DDT would be reactivated to control mosquito breeding and prevent the resurgence of malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever and other diseases.

Knowing that Müller was the inventor of DDT, Zhou Nan had no doubts about his professionalism at all. He invented DDT and was the chief scientist of a pharmaceutical factory, and it would be a joke if he wasn't up to the task of compiling some basic information.

However, Zhou Nan has the impression that the inventor of DDT should have won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine, but at this time, he should not have won it, otherwise, Zhou Nan would not be impressed.

DDT is indeed a drug with significant side effects, but it also depends on how it is used. This is the same as the relative between economic development and pollution control, and the key is to see how to grasp the balance.

Facing the inventor, Zhou Nan didn't want to evaluate his merits. His professionalism is trustworthy, and he is an employee of the Geigy family, so of course Zhou Nan is willing to use him.

What's more, a would-be Nobel laureate writing this book with him can also add some authority to his own book.

Therefore, Zhou Nan told him in detail about the idea of the new book he was going to create, and he didn't hide it half like in front of Home.

In addition to not analyzing with him that his book was going to secretly dig into the corners of the long-term doomed theorists, Zhou Nan explained the overall idea to him in detail.

Zhou Nan is now a little sun with his own halo, any scholar wants to have a relationship with him, as a somewhat out-of-the-way medical expert, it is an infinite glory to be able to participate in a humanistic masterpiece.

Mill believed that with the jewel of the General History of the World, this new book would not be much worse, no matter how bad it was.

What's more, Zhou Nan is still related to his boss's family, even if it takes him a little effort to write a book, he will not be taken care of by his boss, and even have a closer relationship.

Hearing that Zhou Nan only needed to borrow his professional knowledge to make an in-depth analysis of the historical events caused by the spread of the virus in human history, Mueller immediately agreed.

On the other side, Audrey and Mrs. Jackie listened to their conversation for a while, and both became a little impatient. Zhou Nan simply sent Audrey away, and took Mrs. Gelgi to the main mansion as a guest, and prepared dinner by the way.

The other assistants were also off work, but Zhou Nan left the youngest Brentani. Although she was young, she was one of the fastest typing people, so Zhou Nan left her behind to help keep records.

Although it will delay her from getting off work, Zhou Nan doesn't have to give her overtime pay, anyway, she and her father often eat together at their own home.

When it comes to his profession, Muller has the demeanor of everyone when he is in charge.

"Throughout human history, there have been countless mass viral deaths, and in many cases, some facts are simply appalling now. We generally divide the diseases that have had a significant impact on human history into five, and some people think that they are six. They are smallpox, malaria, plague, and the Black Death, because the virus of the Black Death also originated from rats, but it has passed through variants, so some people classify these two as one. In addition to these, there are two other types of cholera and influenza. ”

"Let's start with smallpox. In recorded history, smallpox, an acute epidemic occurred in India and Egypt more than 1,000 years ago. In the 3rd ~ 2nd century BC, smallpox was prevalent in India and China. However, the number of deaths recorded in these accounts is unknown. Around 180 AD, the Roman Empire experienced a smallpox epidemic, and a quarter of the population died. In the sixth century, smallpox was epidemic in Europe, and ten percent of the population died. ”

"In the 17th and 18th centuries, smallpox was the most serious epidemic in Europe, with deaths ranging from one to 150 million, and it was not until the nineteenth century that the population of Europe gradually recovered. In the middle of the 19th century, smallpox was endemic in Fujian and other places in China, with a case fatality rate of more than half. In 1909, 500,000 people died of smallpox in Russia. At the end of the 15th century, when Europeans set foot on the American continent, smallpox was introduced, and about 30 million indigenous people remained less than a million after about 100 years, which historians have called "the greatest genocide in human history". ”

"The world's first large-scale plague, which began in 541 AD, began in Egypt, a possessions of the Eastern Roman Empire, and then spread rapidly to the capital, Constantinople, and beyond. Nearly half of the inhabitants of Constantinople died in the plague. The plague continued to ravage for half a century, with one-third of the population of the Eastern Roman Empire dying from the plague. ”

"The second mass plague was one of the worst plagues in human history. It originated in southwestern Asia and spread to Europe around the 1340s. The plague killed an estimated 75 million people worldwide, 25 million of whom were Europeans. This is the Black Death of the Middle Ages, which everyone fears. ”

"As for malaria, because of its prevalence, we can't count the exact number of deaths, even if we are talking today, I am afraid that at least 10,000 people have died from this disease."

"The flu is probably best known for the Spanish flu more than 20 years ago. The First World War killed more than 10 million people, but the flu killed more than 20 million people. ”

"Cholera does not kill as many people as other diseases at a time, but its multi-incidence nature is more difficult to deal with than other diseases. In the past hundred years alone, there have been six recurrences, and the damage caused to humans each time cannot be simply calculated......"