Chang Kaishen was a little disappointed by this trip, he actually wanted to ask some imperial tricks, but Zhou Hexuan said but persuaded him to engage in democratic constitutional government.

Hell democratic constitutionalism!

The frequency of this word is so high that Chang Kaishen's ears are almost out of a cocoon, and it has not stopped since the end of last year. Zhou Hexuan's words just now just hit Chang Kaishen's sore feet, he is indeed playing with power tricks, using "banditry" to divert the attention of the people from demanding constitutionalism.

But to be honest, Chang Kaishen has already recognized the Legalist idea of governing the country from the bottom of his heart. In particular, the use of law, technique, and potential, which is the ability that a leader must have, is the foundation, the law is the link, and the technique is the drive, and the three complement each other and promote each other, and if there is a problem in any aspect, it will affect the other two.

Chang Kaishen suddenly had an idea in his heart: If you learn Confucianism, you can become a gentleman, and if you learn the law, you can become an emperor!

Now listening to Zhou Hexuan say, the Taoist Huang Laozhi has gone further, and he asked curiously: "Hasn't Taoism always paid attention to quiet and inaction, and practiced in escapism?" ”

Zhou Hexuan explained: "The chairman is talking about the Lao Zhuang school. Taoism is mainly divided into three schools, namely the Lao Zhuang school, the Yang Zhu school, and the Huang Lao school. I may be a little inaccurate, but it is generally like this: Lao Zhuang Theory belongs to anarchism, Yang Zhu Theory belongs to liberalism, and Huang Lao Theory focuses on the way to govern as a king. ”

"Talking about the way of ruling as a king? You talk about it carefully. Chang Kaishen was a little interested.

Zhou Hexuan continued: "The 'Huang' in Huang Lao's study is the Yellow Emperor, and the 'Lao' is Lao Tzu. Why do you want to involve the Yellow Emperor as well? Just because it's about the science of the emperor. Huang Laozhixue arose in the Qi State, which founded the world's first government-run school, called the 'Jixia School Palace'. The core knowledge of this school is the Huang Lao School, so the Huang Lao School is also called the Jixia School. It is precisely because of the pursuit of Huang Lao's learning that the State of Qi can rapidly expand its national strength. ”

Chang Kaishen nodded subconsciously and let Zhou Hexuan continue.

Zhou Hexuan said: "Huang Laozhi's learning is actually not a pure Taoist doctrine, it should be called miscellaneous. Its core concept is Taoism, but it is completely integrated with Legalist doctrine, and combines the strengths of Confucianism, Mo, Bing, Agriculture, Ming, Yin and Yang, and Vertical and Horizontal. For example, the famous "Lü's Spring and Autumn Period" is an important work of the Huang Lao School. Another Taoist Huang Lao-school work, "Crane Guanzi", is even considered to be a military book by scholars throughout the ages. Let's put it this way, since the Han and Tang dynasties, any generation of prosperous generations in China has actually applied the study of Huang Lao. ”

"Huang Laozhixue also integrates Confucianism?" Chang Kaishen was surprised.

Zhou Hexuan nodded and said: "Yes, one of the propositions of Huang Laozhi's study is 'the use of both criminal and moral principles', which is compatible with the Legalist and Confucian concepts of governing the country. ”

Chang Kaishen said strangely: "Isn't that the Chinese dynasties and dynasties have been using Huang Lao's learning?" ”

"That's right," Zhou Hexuan said with a smile, "The so-called external Confucianism and internal law are, in the final analysis, Huang Lao's learning." ”

Chang Kaishen asked again: "What's the matter with Confucianism?" ”

Zhou Hexuan explained: "Dong Zhongshu's exclusive Confucianism is a combination of Confucianism and Huang Lao's learning, which absorbs a large number of Huang Lao thoughts. For example, the root of Huang Laozhi's study is 'rule by inaction', and this kind of 'inaction' is not laissez-faire, but quiet inaction under the premise of establishing the ruling order. The inaction of the king is based on the action of his courtiers, that is, 'the king's and his ministers', which is a bit like the British constitutional monarchy. But it's just like that, because the decision is still in the hands of the monarch. When Dong Zhongshu respected Confucianism, he perfectly integrated the core of Huang Laozhi's learning, 'rule by inaction', into his Confucian system, and used it to expound the way of governing the country, the way of kings and ministers, and the art of kings. For example, the selection of talents and the appointment of talents, the number of talents and the awarding of officials, this is a typical Huang Lao's learning, and the development of the imperial examination system was formed in later generations. ”

Chang Kaishen continued to nod and obediently listened to the academic lecture.

Zhou Hexuan continued: "Let's talk about the relationship between criminal and moral relations, Dong Zhongshu's explanation of criminal virtue mainly continues the benevolent government and rule of virtue of Confucius and Mencius. However, in the fundamental theory of criminal morality, it borrowed the yin and yang criminal ethics theory of the Huang Lao school. This is very important, as it is the fundamental norm for the formulation and implementation of Chinese law for more than 2,000 years. ”

Chang Kaishen finally understood: "In other words, our current Confucianism is actually the Neo-Confucianism of Huang Lao's Doctrine, which is based on the strengths of a hundred schools of thought, and Dong Zhongshu's Neo-Confucianism, which is very different from the era of Confucius and Mencius. ”

"That's true," Zhou Hexuan nodded, "But after Cheng Zhu Lixue, Confucianism has transformed again, eliminating and suppressing many of Huang Laozhi's thoughts. Therefore, in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the minds of the Chinese gradually tended to be imprisoned, so that they were surpassed by Western civilization. Because the very important theory of Huang Lao's study is 'follow the way of heaven', where 'the way of heaven' refers to the laws of nature and society, Huang Lao's study does not advocate abiding by the laws of the ancestors, but advocates the formulation of corresponding rules according to the changes in society. ”

Chang Kaishen is a loyal supporter of Cheng Zhu Lixue, and he felt a little awkward when he heard this, but he still patiently asked: "How to use Huang Lao's learning to govern the current China?" ”

Zhou Hexuan said with a smile: "I won't talk about what is quiet and inactive, and I won't talk about this, because the current situation in China is not suitable, and the quiet inaction of the old Huang school is based on a stable ruling order." First of all, let's talk about governing the country according to law, leniency and streamlining administration, resting with the people, and governing the country according to law. ”

Chang Kaishen said: "The laws of the Republic of China are becoming more and more perfect, and of course they can be done. ”

"A law is a law, what's the use of just making it out?" Zhou Hexuan sneered, "Take last year's disaster relief as an example, the commissioner who colluded with the British to embezzle disaster relief food is still at large." Can this also be called the rule of law? ”

Chang Kaishen's face was unhappy and said: "I also hate corrupt officials and corrupt officials, but when the water is clear, there is no fish, this is no way." ”

"What about leniency and relaxation and rest with the people?" Zhou Hexuan said, "As long as these two points can be achieved, China's national strength will inevitably grow by leaps and bounds within ten years." ”

Chang Kaishen said: "The country is in trouble at home and abroad, how to rest with the people? Money and food are needed to quell the chaos and defend against the enemy, and disturbing the people is also a last resort. You directly say how Huang Laozhi learns how to use 'art', I can only do what you said if I stabilize the situation first. ”

Zhou Hexuan said with a smile: "It's very simple, Huang Laozhixue has two important ideas, which are called following the path of heaven and guarding the female and using the male. ”

"What's the explanation?" Chang Kaishen asked.

"Because the way of heaven is to follow the trend, most people want what they want most, then give them something," Zhou Hexuan said, "even if you can't give it to them, let them see hope." For example, why is the German fascists developing smoothly now? Because Hitler complied with the will of the people, most Germans wanted revenge, wanted to revive the economy, wanted to revive the nation. And Chairman of the Committee, you are engaged in fascism in China, this will not work, and it is different from what the vast majority of Chinese are pursuing. ”

Chang Kaishen said: "Now the biggest public opinion in China is democratic constitutionalism, how can I give them? ”

Zhou Hexuan smiled: "Even if you can't give it, you have to at least make it look like you want to give it." For example, a step should be taken to allow democratic parties to participate in politics, but only to participate in political power, but not to make decisions. I think most democrats will still be happy because they see hope. ”

Chang Kaishen nodded and said, "This is a solution." What about guarding females and using males? ”

Zhou Hexuan said: "Guarding females and using males is a specific power technique, and to put it bluntly, it is a change of reality and fiction." The monarch should be imaginary, without a sense of existence, but everywhere. It's like God, you can't see it, you can't touch it, but everyone has a piece of sky above their heads. If there is a problem in the process of governance, it must be a bad thing for the officials, and the officials must be severely punished, and the supreme ruler is always right. Once an outstanding achievement is achieved, it is the credit of the supreme ruler, who gives them the benefits they deserve, and the ruler receives the greatest fame. ”

Chang Kaishen didn't speak, he naturally understood in his heart, he played this set very slippery, but he didn't expect it to be Huang Laozhi's learning.

Zhou Hexuan said: "There is another explanation for guarding females and using males, that is, formulating strategies and implementing strategies vigorously and resolutely. Generally speaking, it is to strengthen and improve the executive power of public servants on the premise of not disturbing the people as much as possible. This is very delicate and requires a lot of political skill. ”

The more Chang Kaishen listened, the more satisfied he became, he was a halfway monk as the boss, and all kinds of abilities and means were comprehended by himself, and there was no such systematization as Zhou Hexuan said. Immediately smiled and said: "Mr. Zhou, you can talk in detail about the use of Huang Laozhi's methods, techniques, potential, advantage, and force." ”

Zhou Hexuan talked nonsense according to his own understanding, until it was getting dark, Chang Kaishen still listened with relish, and almost didn't take notes on the spot.

Zhou Hexuan naturally carried private goods, such as advising Chang Kaishen to let the democratic parties participate in politics. Although it is only a fake democracy, at least there are some constraints, and KMT officials cannot be as unscrupulous as before when they bend the law for bribes.