Zhang Guoan sketched his investment promotion plan while analyzing the current situation of the Great Song Dynasty. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info

His so-called act of striving for offshore capital or investment is by no means an investment in copper coins, Huizi or Guanzi of the Great Song Dynasty, he wants materials and manpower!

Gold, silver, and copper coins and the like were all floating clouds to him, or rather valued their industrial use.

The Great Song people of this time and space still can't see the essence through the phenomenon, and they can't understand the true meaning of money.

The Great Song Dynasty now often has a shortage of money, and there is a shortage of copper coins on the market at every turn, and all the money in circulation is paper money.

In the beginning, the officials of the Great Song Dynasty blamed the merchants for taking the copper coins to foreign countries.

This phenomenon is real.

The Great Song Dynasty has a developed economy and carries out close international trade with Japan, Southeast Asia, Arabia and even Africa in that world, and the Great Song Dynasty copper coins have almost become the international currency of this trade area, which is a bit close to the currency status of the world's dollar.

Not only is Japan a cool copper coin, but when it trades with the Great Song Dynasty, it must also take copper coins as an agreement, and order its country that copper coins are allowed to enter but not out.

The state of Java also exchanged pepper for copper coins of the Great Song Dynasty.

Therefore, the people of the Great Song Dynasty said that the money was originally a treasure of China, and now it is commonly used by barbarians from all over the world.

This is not an exaggeration.

These countries that traded with the Song Dynasty obtained Chinese money and stored it in separate warehouses as the treasure of the town. Therefore, those who enter Tibet do not go to the copper coins, and the goods are not copper coins and are not sold.

In order to prevent the leakage of copper coins, there were also proposals at that time to simply close the trading port and cut off trade with foreign merchants.

This two-way proposal is a big step backwards in all directions!

Fortunately, the Great Song Dynasty still has some common sense, and the officials dare to speak, so there is not much room for the survival of the second goods.

In fact, the money shortage in the Great Song Dynasty is not because of the shortage of copper coins, in other words, the outflow of copper coins may have an impact on the money shortage, but it must not be said to be the culprit that led to the money shortage!

The reason is simple. First, people don't get your Da Song copper money for nothing, they exchange other people's materials with you, in other words, your Da Song good business is basically forbidden to be done by the people, and you play monopoly. If you get a ten ban on buying and selling, then people's materials will definitely be sold at a higher price by the Great Song Dynasty government.

Therefore, the Great Song Dynasty government should have obtained more copper coins.

Second, the total amount of money that the Song Dynasty government put into the market was very large.

According to the broad money supply, during the Northern Song Dynasty, the annual coinage of the Song government was as high as 12 million, 23 million, and the annual coinage of more than 5 million guan was also set during the first year of the Song Dynasty.

According to the narrow money supply, Sichuan's iron money, jiaozi and monetized gold and silver, as well as negotiable securities and negotiable instruments such as salt banknotes and tea quotations are also quite a lot!

The annual coinage of the Tang Dynasty was less than 330,000 yuan. Even the total amount of coinage minted in the Ming Dynasty in the past 300 years is less than the currency minted in one year during the Yuanfeng period of the Northern Song Dynasty.

At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the total amount of copper coins put on the market by the Great Song Dynasty government was about 300 million yuan, which was enough to meet the trading needs of the citizens at that time.

Even in the Southern Song Dynasty, although the annual coinage was far less than that of the Northern Song Dynasty, the government issued a large number of paper money to support the operation of the market, and the money shortage at that time was also manifested in the fact that it was expensive and the money was scarce. It can be seen that there is no deflation, and there is no shortage of money supply in general.

Moreover. During the Song Dynasty, commercial credit instruments were also relatively developed, and large transactions usually did not have to use cash, but were bought and sold on credit.

For example, Zhang Guoan gave the sea salt and other goods to the Great Song Dynasty, and the Great Song Dynasty government did not pay a single copper coin, and directly sold them, not to mention, what they gave them was all goods.

So where did the copper coins of the Great Song Dynasty go?!

There are no Great Song Dynasty officials running away wrapped in copper coins, right?

He didn't even use copper money to buy foreign government bonds. Let's give back the money I paid for the goods I went to?

So why did the Great Song Dynasty also appear, copper money is difficult to earn, and prices are still high? ?

Everything happens for a reason, matter is imperishable, they must have gone somewhere.

Very simple. Private businessmen of all sizes have been hoarded!!

In other words, the common sense statement is that the copper coin does not appear where it should be!!

Private businessmen are not fools, and they don't do business that can make money again, but they have to bury the money and turn it into copper mines------ the fundamental reason is that the Great Song Dynasty has been engaged in an economic system in which the country advances and the people retreat, and they are never tired of it!

The good business was all occupied by the Song Dynasty government, and the tax payment law at various traffic intersections further depressed the enthusiasm of private investment.

The root is in the system of the Great Song Dynasty!

However, none of the people in the Great Song Dynasty understood economic theory better than Zhang Guoan, and they tried their best to exert administrative order-style management on the surface of the problem.

If someone hoards copper coins again, you are malicious hoarding!

This is not the original words, the approximate meaning, in the Southern Song Dynasty, the imperial court issued a decree, requiring the family of the official to keep 20,000 yuan, half of the people, and other copper coins must be converted into gold, silver, banknotes, etc.

This means that the leading cadres take the lead, the masses follow, and take out the copper coins to spend.

But administrative orders that cannot be effectively supervised are a joke, which is like the Great Song Dynasty government saying: Watching piracy is an illegal act!

But the pirates will sneer and say, "You're coming to arrest me."

None of this is the crux of the matter.

The Great Song Dynasty later found that this didn't work, so he worked the surface of the problem again, the copper money is not enough, I will print more jiaozi, how can I also circulate money.

It's over, paper money as a credit currency, if the country over-issued, it will depreciate rapidly, the late Southern Song Dynasty Huizi will depreciate greatly, the first boundary Huizi can be exchanged for nearly 800 copper coins, issued to the eighteenth realm, that is, in the late Southern Song Dynasty, each Huizi can only be exchanged for less than 200 copper coins.

This has led to the classic "bad money driving out good money", where people desperately spend paper money and stock up copper coins, which in turn makes prices rise.

But the administrative countermeasures of the Great Song Dynasty government are!

The first is to implement a strict "money ban", that is, to prohibit the outflow of copper coins, prohibit the private destruction of money casters, and restrict the private storage of copper coins.

This idea is a bit like the "purchase restriction" measures taken when the world's property prices are too high, which seems to be the right medicine, but in fact cannot stand the test of economics.

Again, the money shortage in the Great Song Dynasty was not because the total supply of money was insufficient, but the "shortage illusion" that appeared in the process of currency circulation.

It is a pity that although the leaders of the Great Song Dynasty had a very obvious tendency towards mercantilism, they lacked common sense in economics and were more superstitious about the power of administrative regulation and control, so they regarded the market regulation mechanism as a factor causing the money shortage and severely restricted it.

As a result, the purchasing power of copper coins has declined, but the "money shortage" has not been solved, and what is even worse is that copper coins are difficult to earn, not to mention, prices are still high.

The people of the Great Song Dynasty are not short of money, how much money did Zhang Guoan exchange for luxury goods? !

Zhang Guoan followed up on the prescription that Wu Dapeng had previously prescribed to the Great Song Dynasty to implement industrialization, and then prescribed another prescription to the Great Song Dynasty, and it was necessary to deepen the reform of the economic system!

However, after Zhang Guoan wrote a few articles, he found that these were all touching the core interests of the Zhao family------ he believed that if he dared to bring it up, someone would kill him in minutes.

Pull it down, find another way! (To be continued.) )