Chapter 302 Commerce and Industry
Agriculture, industry, and commerce are mutually reinforcing.
More than 70 percent of the population under the Yun family were farmers who made a living from farming, because of the "land reform", the common people owned their own land, and the tax revenue under the Yun family was very small, so that the life of the common people under the Yun family has moved from food and clothing to a well-off to a wealthy one.
When the common people have money in their hands, they will save some of it for emergencies, and the rest of the money will be used to buy some necessary things, such as (cheap) matches, cloth, farm tools, ploughing cattle, and so on.
Naturally, the common people bought what they needed from the merchants, who flocked to the towns to buy all kinds of goods, or some small traders brought all kinds of goods to the countryside.
With the increase of money in the hands of the common people, and then the rapid development of commerce.
Most of the commercial products in the hands of the merchants are produced from the factory, matches, mirrors, cloth, agricultural tools and other commodities are produced on a large scale in the factory, and the merchants will sell these goods to the common people, the more the people need, the more the factory will produce, the more the factory wants to produce, the factory must expand the scale, and then the scale of the entire industrial system will be expanded.
In addition, businessmen are also needed if the grain in the hands of the common people wants to be sold, so the three of industry, agriculture and commerce are indispensable, and the three complement each other, and the three develop and progress together.
However, behind the development of agriculture, industry and commerce, there is a common factor - Yunyi.
In agriculture, it was Yunyi who set the "land reform", so that everyone could have their own land, and there was no need to pay all kinds of complicated taxes, so that the people's lives were getting better and better.
In business, the Yun family is the main force, and there is a branch of the Yun family in every city, which sells the goods produced in the various factories in Yunhua County and even Yingzhou to the counties, followed by the various families of the Yunhua family, and the Yun family divides a part of the market share to them, sells some goods with slightly lower profits, and the last part of the market share is for other merchants.
These "other" merchants were also divided into medium merchants, who set up shops in the towns to sell various goods, and small traders who brought all kinds of goods to the countryside to sell.
In addition, there are some businessmen doing cross-state smuggling trade, the five great families of Laihe Erzhou are worried that the Yun clan will attack, and send troops to block the border, resulting in people going back and forth between Zelai and Zehe Erzhou has become a lot of trouble, and commercial trade is the most influential one, many businessmen who do not understand the situation buy a large number of goods from Zezhou and want to transport them to Laizhou, Hezhou or further places to sell, but they were seized by the army of Laihe Erzhou in various names, and finally the merchants lost the goods and money ("ransom" with money).
Under these circumstances, normal interstate trade became extremely difficult, but the various commodities of Zezhou were very popular in the outside world, and the lowest prices were more than twice the price of Zezhou, so some merchants opened up new routes to smuggle Zezhou's goods to the two states of Laihe, or sell them further afield through the two states.
Yun Yi knew that there was this kind of smuggling trade, but he didn't stop it, after all, these merchants were trading normally under the Yun clan, and there was no illegal behavior.
It can be said that in the development of agriculture and commerce, Yun's occupies a dominant position, but when it comes to industry, because of the importance of industry, Yun's is completely developing industry by itself.
Industries are divided into light industry and heavy industry, paper mills, printing plants, textile mills, match factories, glass factories, etc. all belong to the category of light industry, iron and steel mills, shipyards, machine tool factories, military factories, etc. all belong to heavy industry.
The products produced in the factories in the light industry are sold to anyone, and as the demand for the products increases, the output of the products also increases, and if the production limit of the factory is reached or the supply exceeds the demand, Yun's will expand the factory or open a new factory.
Whether it is expanding the factory or opening a new factory, there is a problem of labor involved here, and you must know that there is a serious shortage of young and strong people under the rule of the Yun family.
There are no young men available, but factories in the light industry can employ not only male but also female workers, especially in textile mills, where women are better employed than men in delicate work. (In general, a factory cannot have both male and female workers at the same time, except for managers)
Although there are Confucians in this world, they are not dominated by Confucianism, and Confucianism has not yet reached the point of strictly restricting women in all aspects.
Yun's factory in the case of only ten silver per month, there are a large number of women willing to enter the factory to work, the addition of female workers, so that the light industry field of the factory is no longer short of manpower, want to expand the factory to expand the factory, want to open a new factory to open a new factory.
Compared with light industry, the development of heavy industry is much more troublesome, the factory in the category of heavy industry can basically only use male workers, the shortage of young and middle-aged men, so that the development of heavy industry is slower than that of light industry, to make the scale of heavy industry expand, Yunyi can only find a way in terms of technology, in order to improve the technical level, so as to improve production efficiency, which is the most prominent in the steel plant.
Before Yun's two steel mills, Qingshan Iron and Steel Plant and Mushan Iron and Steel Plant, all use the steel filling method, the daily steelmaking limit of the two steel mills is 220 tons, a long time ago, Yunyi will write out the general content of the bottom blowing acid converter steelmaking technology, arrange people to study, after four years, the bottom blowing acid converter steelmaking technology is finally mature, and began to be applied in the steelmaking of Qingshan Iron and Steel Plant and Mushan Iron and Steel Plant, and then the steel output of the two steel plants has skyrocketed, from 220 tons per day to more than 290 tons now, And it's still increasing.
With enough steel, there is one less limit to the development of other heavy industries, and as for human resources, the constraints have eased slightly with each passing year.
The iron and steel industry, the shipbuilding industry, and the military industry are the three most important aspects in the field of heavy industry.
In terms of shipbuilding industry, the two major shipyards of Wanghai Shipyard and Binhai Shipyard basically have one or two ships launched every month.
The new generation of Zhenzi-class ships has a load of up to 4,500 materials (converted to a displacement of 2,250 tons), and the full fuel Zhenzi-class ships can travel longer distances in the sea, and can also withstand greater winds and waves to move deeper into the sea.
With the addition of a large number of ships to the sequence of Yun's shipbuilding, Yun's exploration of the sea has become faster and faster.
Note 1: Once again, let's talk about the protagonist's golden finger - the memory of the previous life, that is, all the things that the protagonist has seen and learned since he was a child, basically with the knowledge of high school, he can establish a basic steam industry system, and then develop "slowly", under normal circumstances, it is impossible to see the protagonist personally study what technology, the protagonist only needs to say the general direction, and then arrange for his subordinates to study.