Chapter 321: Coronation One

On 1 January 1042, William took the throne ceremony in Rouen, where he wore the cloak of commander and delivered a speech in front of his throne:

"My lords of the Duchy of Normandy, I appreciate your frankness and compliments.

You, and all the nobles, have become part of the heart of Normandy and the lives of the people.

As Norman nobles, you have inherited every responsibility given to you by your ancestors in law and decision-making. The aristocracy has always been the unshakable cornerstone of the state and our lives.

History connects monarchs and aristocrats, witnessing the passage of one era to another.

Therefore, in such an ordinary and extraordinary era, mavericks are always eye-catching, and I was fortunate to be the first monarch of the Norman kingdom.

To this day, I am still honored that you have fought alongside me and deserved victory after victory.

Most of you have lived through the dark years of the reign of Cay in Burgundy, and some of you may remember the year 1035.

Since my determination to regain Normandy, I have worked happily with the Counts of Adolf, Hubert, Richard, and other nobles for seven years.

You are respectable elders in these days, and your experience has given me a powerful guide, which is a prerequisite for my success.

In the days to come, the Norman kingdom we have created will usher in a new chapter in its history, and it will be a magnificent and glorious poem, and I, King William I of the Normans, will join you in encouragement. ”

Bang bang bang... Bang bang ...

At the end of William's speech, the applause changed from sparse to warm, and all the nobles present applauded one after another, expressing their joy with applause and cheers.

The musicians played a light and cheerful movement, and to the accompaniment of the music, William sat down on the throne, nodded slightly, and raised his right hand to wave to the nobles.

Next, William had to walk up to the high platform of the castle and receive the cheers of the gentry who came to watch the ceremony.

The city was already a sea of joy, and the Normans regarded William's accession to the throne as a carnival on which they could relax without fear of being guarded.

"It's a shame that Steward Osborne missed my enthronement ceremony." William said with a little regret.

"Don't worry, my Majesty, Steward Osborne will come to Normandy with His Majesty the Pope, and it will be your coronation, and it will be the real feast, but now it will be just an appetizer." Count Hubert comforted.

"Indeed, to be honest, only our nobles from Normandy came to attend, and even many of the nobles of the newly conquered regions were unwilling to come, which shows that our enthronement ceremony was just self-satisfaction, and there were no other countries and princes at all." William laughed at himself and shook his head.

"Please don't be presumptuous, you are a worthy Norman king, we Normans are your strong backing, if anyone dares to disrespect you in any way, our Norman sword will be pointed at the other party." Count Hubert hurriedly persuaded.

"You're right, Hubert, the next coronation is the main thing, and with Pope Gregory VI personally coming to my coronation, it is vital that my Norman kingdom and throne will be recognized by the world." William's brow furrowed, and he nodded with a smile.

"By the way, Archbishop Hamelin, is my coronation ready, His Majesty the Pope will come at any time, and when the time comes, I must show the Norman kingdom in front of all the nobles of all the countries who are watching the ceremony." William turned his head to the side and asked Archbishop Hamelin.

"It has been prepared for a long time, my majesty, both the decoration of the venue and the treasures prepared for your coronation, just wait for the arrival of His Majesty the Pope, and the coronation ceremony will be held." Archbishop Hamelin nodded in response.

The symbols of the king's coronation are a golden crown encrusted with precious stones, an eagle-shaped bottle of holy oil and a spoon for anointing holy oil on the left, a treasure ball on the right, a holy sword on the bottom, a holy sword to protect the faith and the people, a scepter with a dove to symbolize mercy, a scepter with diamonds to symbolize power, a dove's scepter with a bracelet under the dove, a spur under the hilt of the sword on the left, and a ring in the middle.

Symbols of kingship – crowns, scepters, swords, spurs, bracelets and rings – reveal the history and significance of the coronation ceremony through their design, the materials used to make them, and their origins.

The crown is the main symbol of royal power. The Anglo-Saxons and Normans used different Latin words to describe different types of crowns—stemma, corona, diadema—all borrowed from the ancient world's vocabulary of head ornaments. The Romans saw the crown as a symbol of victory, and their emperors were crowned after their coronation, and corona, derived from the wreath or wreath, were worn as festive ornaments on the emperor's head when he was inaugurated.

Precise details of the crowns worn by the kings of England in the late Middle Ages and before the Renaissance are very scarce. The earliest detailed account of the crown worn by the king at his coronation dates back to a ceremony by William the Conqueror in 1066.

To be sure, the kings of England were influenced by the Byzantine emperors in their choice of stylistic styles. Edward the Confessor is generally believed to be the first king of England to wear an imperial stemma, or a kind of closed crown, which was adopted by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I in the 6th century AD. In 1051, Edward commissioned a monk named Spearhan Walker (who was also a master goldsmith) to make a crown of the same type. According to the description, St. Edward's Crown was a ring with four flower-like motifs, possibly also equipped with four small crosses, with double arches in between. The crown is adorned with filigree ornaments, with precious stones and round cloisonné enamel.

In the Middle Ages, the importance of the symbol was also reflected in the gold gemstones of the royal crown. In 856 A.D., a crown of "spiritual treasures" was used at the coronation of Judith, the wife of King Essewool of Wessex. In her coronation address, the queen asked God to place the crown on her head so that "the brilliance of gold and the symbolism embodied in the various colors of the precious stones will shine forever in this way."

The Norman crown for William was an emperor-style coronation crown with twelve types of gemstones, made by a Byzantine stonemason and made of Levantine material, chosen for symbolism.

The types of gemstones set in the crown correspond to the twelve types that God commanded Moses to insert in the ornament on Aaron's chest.

In the Middle Ages, these gemstones were considered both mystical and practical wealth.

For example, sapphire is the king of gemstones, symbolizing tolerance, and because of its blue color, it is worn by church members; Amethyst symbolizes perfection, and flesh carnelian represents the height of honor; Precious peridot embodies virtue; The emerald represents the sevenfold grace (and the protector of the military); Jadeite embodies the virtue of loyalty; Chrysoprase symbolizes perfect tolerance; Silk agate embodies complete loyalty (and protector of humility and purity); Chalcedony symbolizes the virtue of simplicity of heart (and the giver of career victory); Citrine represents contemplation, while red zircon represents spiritual life.

Ruby is believed to have the virtues of all other gemstones, arousing respect and love for the owner who wears it, and it has become a traditional gemstone for making sovereign coronation rings.

William's crown is set with a ring of precious stones, the largest of which is the size of an egg, and is a very pure and beautiful ruby.

In terms of material and workmanship, this crown can crown the whole of Europa, and only the crown of the Byzantine Empire can match it.