Chapter 394: Three Popes Opposed

In the 4th century AD, the Roman Empire declared Christianity the state religion, and Christianity developed rapidly, and the church had the supremacy and power, which later formed canon law. With regard to marriage, canon law upholds the principles of monogamy and non-dissolution of marriage, and prohibits divorce. In reality, however, it is difficult to ensure that all marriages are happy, and canon law has created systems such as annulment, unconsummated marriage, and separation to provide relief to unhappy couples.

All William could do was ask Pope Gregory VI to proclaim Adelaide. Morality. Normandy and Edward. Edmondson. The Wessex couple's marriage was annulled in order to get his sister out of the unhappy marriage.

"Adelaide, I promise you to divorce Edward, but you have to remember my words, you can't have any intimate contact with Rodrigo before the Pope's edict is issued, and I don't want to make any more scandals." William's eyes were fixed on Adelaide and admonished.

"I will keep my agreement with you, and I hope you can fulfill my wish." Adelaide nodded in agreement, turned around and left.

Adelaide and Edward. No one knew that Edmondson was going to divorce, but the intimacy between her and Rodrigo was seen by many people at the banquet, and many rumors about her and Rodrigo immediately circulated in the court, which disturbed William.

"Faller, order that anyone who dares to spread any rumor about the royal family of Normandy will be put to death." William summoned Faller, who was the head of the royal family, and commanded.

"Yes, Your Majesty, I know what to do." Faller said as he bent over his chest.

"Well, I need you to quell the rumors as soon as possible." William Wei did not forget to admonish, and looked at Xian Fale and explained: "In addition, I told you how you did before, and did His Majesty the Pope have any response?" ”

William is talking naturally about Adelaide and her husband Edward. Edmondson's divorce must be kept secret until there is no result, otherwise the nobles of the whole Europe will see William's jokes.

"It has been reported that His Majesty the Pope has agreed to your request, and that he has sent the Papal Secretary and the Holy See Priest, Cardinal Hilbudran, to preside over the matter." Faller replied truthfully.

"This is a strange matter, since His Majesty the Pope has agreed to this matter, it is only necessary to send a bishop to Normandy to announce the decree, why should His Majesty the Pope's most trusted Cardinal Hilbudran come?" William was keenly aware of the anomaly. "Faller, let me find out exactly what happened on the side of the Holy See and why His Majesty the Pope is so excited."

"Yes, Your Majesty." Faller. Ospen ordered to retreat.

Within two days, William learned the ins and outs of the matter through the intelligence network led by Osborne's butler.

It turned out that the Romans elected Bishop John of Sabina (?) - March 3, 1046) as pope, called Sylvester III.

After Benedictine IX sold the papal throne to his uncle, Graziano, the archpriest of the Holy See, Gregory VI, for 1,500 pounds of gold, he soon repented and tried to return to Rome to reclaim the papacy.

At the beginning of 1045, Benedictine IX and Sylvester III returned to Rome one after another, and both declared themselves legitimate popes and did not recognize Gregory VI. Three popes appeared in Rome at the same time, and they asked Emperor Henry III to adjudicate it.

Gregory VI was at odds with the Holy Roman Emperor Henry III, and he tried to strengthen the authority of the Church by reforming the Holy See, the most important of which was the dispute over the right of bishops of the German regions.

To this end, Gregory VI refused to crown the king of the Roman people, King Henry III of Germany, as king of the Holy Roman Empire in order to force the other side to submit and agreed to return the bishopric of the German diocese to the Holy See.

Holy Roman Emperor Henry III is the most powerful monarch of the Franconian dynasty in history, the son of Emperor Conrad II, who was crowned co-ruler of his father in 1028, and then won the title of Duke of Bavaria in 1026~1041, and then in 1038 he received the title of Duke of Swabia, and in 1039 he was elected king of the Roman people, that is, king of Germany.

He submitted to the Bohemians in 1041, and in the following years Henry III settled the dispute between Vladislav I, Duke of Bohemia, and Casimir I, Grand Duke of Poland, and settled the Hungarians, who had long been a harasser of Germany, and tamed the unruly Duke of Lorraine.

How could such an ambitious, young and proud emperor obey the dictates of the Pope, His Majesty Henry III, who had always followed the example of his father, Emperor Conrad II and successive Holy Roman Emperors, and was eager to march into Rome and be crowned by the Pope in the city of Rome and become Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.

As a result, the Pope and Henry III were inevitably pitted against each other.

At this time, at the beginning of 1045, Benedictine IX and another abdicated pope, Sylvester III, both returned to Rome and declared themselves legitimate popes and did not recognize Gregory VI. Three popes appeared in Rome at the same time, and the history is known as the opposition of the three popes. They asked Emperor Henry III to adjudicate.

How could Henry III not seize such an opportunity to strike at Gregory VI, who, despite the cold winter, urgently gathered an army of 30,000 men to prepare for the march to Rome.

The emperor was invited to arbitrate the dispute between the three popes at the Council of Sutri, and this reason sounded high, and none of the princes and nobles in the Holy Roman Empire had reason to oppose Henry III's expedition to Italy, which was also his first expedition to Italy.

The power of the Holy See had been depleted in the last war with Apulia, and it was simply unable to gather enough troops to defend against Henry III who was heading south, and even the Papal Guard, which claimed to be absolutely loyal to the Pope, began to be half-hearted, after all, the founder of this force was another opposing Pope, Benedict IX.

Gregory VI did not have a reliable army to defend himself, so he had to turn to the Normans like William and southern Italy for help.

Yes, Gregory VI not only turned to William for help, but also to Caesar, Duke of Apulia and Calabria, who was entrenched in Apulia and Sicily. Morality. Outwell calls for help.

In his opinion, William was far away from the water and could not save the near fire, Henry III's army had crossed the Alps and was about to go south to Italy, and the only one who could send an army to help him was this Caesar. Morality. Lord Dukeville.

Gregory VI valued more than Caesar. Morality. Altwell, the Norman King William I of Europa, was also the target of his efforts, at least if he was involved, he would be able to hold the attention of the Holy Roman Empire in the German Low Countries, and at the same time give him a strong presence at the upcoming Sutri Synod.