Although the Winter Olympics also have the name of the Olympic Games, compared with the Summer Olympics, it is more like a few countries playing together to entertain themselves.

First of all, the winter program has great limitations, not to mention the site and climate requirements. People in many countries have never even seen ice and snow at all, how can you let people play with you!

A country like South China will never be able to set up a sports team for the winter sports to compete. No matter how much you train, can you compare to the people who have lived in the snow since childhood?

Therefore, this Olympic Games has not been taken seriously since its inception, a bit like a stepmother's raising.

This is the fifth Winter Olympics, which should have been held in 40 years. However, due to World War II, it was stopped twice, and the Swiss Olympic Committee only hosted the Winter Olympics for the second time under the persuasion of the IOC.

And the venue is still St. Moritz, which hosted the second Winter Olympics.

St. Moritz is a famous tourist destination in Switzerland, known for its warm sunshine, dry and fresh air, and world-class ski resorts.

From the mid-19th century, it was a favorite holiday destination for wealthy Europeans.

In 1878 the first electric light in Switzerland was installed here, in 1891 the first telephone in the canton of Graubünden, in 1896 the first light rail tram in Switzerland was laid, and in 1907 the first ice horse race was held.

Since then, the St. Moritz Snow Polo World Cup, the world's most famous and top snow polo tournament, has been held regularly in January and February.

Polo competitions, along with alpine skiing and ice lake horse racing, are the three most popular winter sports in St. Moritz.

With a population of just over 3,000 people, this town attracts more than 300,000 visitors every winter, and receives nearly one million visitors a year, three hundred times the local population.

Due to the lack of interest in hosting the Winter Olympics, the Swiss side did not build any venues and Olympic villages for this year's Winter Olympics. Nearly 1,000 athletes and team leaders, like tourists, stayed in hotels around the competition venues.

However, since it has been decided to hold this competition, the Swiss side certainly does not want to lose too much money, in order to attract tourists, pull out Zhou Nan, the most popular celebrity among young people today, to attract more people to watch the competition.

If it weren't for the late release of Audrey's movie, with her current popularity, I am afraid that she would inevitably be pulled into a strong ding.

In this era, there is no live TV, because film is expensive, there is not even a broadcast, at most there are some recordings of highlights. Therefore, whoever holds any contest will lose money on the account.

Of course, if St. Moritz does not build any venues this time, nor does it build an Olympic Village, that's another story.

At the opening ceremony of the evening, Zhou Nan performed a nearly hour-long musical program with many Swiss artists.

Zhou Nan began by performing the bamboo flute concerto "Scarborough Bazaar" and then became a spectator along with 3,000 other athletes and tourists.

The indoor skating rink, which was the venue for the opening ceremony of the Winter Olympics, can accommodate just over 3,000 spectators, but it is already the largest in St. Moritz.

Not to mention that compared with the bird's nest of later generations, the gymnasium of any city is probably ten times larger. However, St. Moritz has only more than 3,000 inhabitants, and the fact that such a large skating rink can be built is still thanks to the second Winter Olympics in 28 years.

Zhou Nan only stayed in St. Moritz for two days, and the next day he watched the alpine skiing and ski jumping preliminaries, which were the first official Olympic events, and left Audrey and Marita and a group of girls home.

Hughes also came over, he was much more sassy than Zhou Nan, and at the opening ceremony, there were two Hollywood female stars sitting next to him, and they were wearing that set of clothes, which was particularly nondescript.

Zhou Nan was worried that he would attack the British noble chicks, who knew that he didn't have the heart to do so at all.

He mainly relies on three points to pick up girls. The first is to be rich, the second is to coax, and the third is personality. But he knows very well what kind of women can go on and what kind of women can't.

Although these aristocratic chicks are young and beautiful, their identity backgrounds are too complicated, and it is not so easy to get rid of them.

Although the British aristocracy is now in decline, if he doesn't want to become a street rat that everyone shouts at in the upper class of European and American society, it is better not to play with these girls.

Knowing his thoughts, Zhou Nan relieved him to take care of these girls and got on the train back to Lucerne.

It was Chinese New Year's Eve, and I took the train back to Lucerne, where an old friend Toynbee and his wife came home.

On Chinese New Year's Eve, Zhou Nan took a meal with help Li and Toynbee, and Kelly stewed more than a dozen pounds of ribs, five chickens, and half-pulled sheep, which were eaten clean by everyone.

After the meal, Zhou Nan sat down with Toynbee and Stolco in the living room on the second floor, ready to talk all night.

Toynbee was the first real university scholar Zhou Nan knew, and his admiration for the Chinese also made Zhou Nan have a very harmonious relationship with him at the beginning.

But because he was in London the year before last, he invited Zhou Nan to become George's adviser in front of George and Churchill without warning Zhou Nan in advance, which led to a little rift in the friendship between the two.

Although this rift is nothing at all, and it will not affect the communication between the two people, the relationship between the two people has changed from favoring friendship to favoring interests.

Toynbee realized this afterwards and wanted to make amends, but in any case, he could never return to the intimacy he had at the beginning.

In the past year or so, Toynbee's life has not been easy.

His masterpiece "Historical Research" has been strongly criticized by the academic circles of history and humanities, which has greatly affected his reputation.

In its original history, his writings have been subjected to even greater criticism, and many scholars have argued that Toynbee had nothing to say in his analysis of history.

This is a very severe accusation, and it is only clear that he is uneducated.

In this life, although Zhou Nan reminded him at the beginning, his writings also made some improvements, and Zhou Nan's historical research methods were applied to supplement his books.

But it's a pity that his book is too big, and in many places, there are still unsatisfactory places.

At the beginning of the book "Historical Research", he said that he did not want to study one-sided national history and national history, and when he saw this, he felt superficial.

So Toynbee wanted to make a big history, study the changes of heaven and man, through the changes of the past and the present, and then take the dimension of civilization, intending to become a family.

Although six volumes of this "Historical Research" have been written, it is still not finished, and it is expected to write 12 major volumes. The listing of almost all the discovered civilizations does indeed construct a system of perspectives on the history of civilizations.

Is it appropriate to study history in terms of civilization?

In fact, it doesn't matter, as long as a historical person thinks, there is nothing that cannot be done.

But did Lao Tang do it? Zhou Nan thinks that he didn't do it, at least not good enough.

The dimension of civilization is more macroscopic than the dimensions of nation and state, and it is also another kind of overall history that is completely different from the history of princes and generals.

But the definition of "civilization" is much more ambiguous than any of the above dimensions. Taking an ambiguous subject as the starting point of the study, it is conceivable that the results achieved are either vague or mediocre.

Lao Tang's research methods have also been questioned.

The consistent method of the whole book, which can be seen through at a glance by people with a little common sense, is the inductive method, which can even be said to be the enumeration method.

The reason why Lao Tang was able to write 12 large volumes is daunting, it is nothing more than that every argument lists all the examples of civilization that he can enumerate.

In fact, Lao Tang also told readers that the so-called scientific method cannot be used in the study of history.

That's right, the humanities can only elucidate, explain, not define, formula, and so on.

However, the explanation should also be clarified scientifically, and the explanation should also be explained scientifically. It is a question whether the enumeration method and the inductive method can assume the responsibility of science.

Every time Lao Tang puts forward an argument, there is always a civilization that does not cooperate, and the particularity of civilization exists in almost every aspect.

In other words, any bit of Lao Tang's conclusion and analysis can find a point of refutation. Nor was he able to justify himself, which is where his views are not convincing.

It is also the place that has received the most criticism.

Then, Lao Tang said that he was disgusted with the nationalist history under the name of world history, so he tried to write an impartial history without any national feelings.

His intentions were good, but reality didn't allow him to do that. The first half of "Historical Research" is tiptoeing and walking on thin ice, but the more I read it, the more wrong it becomes, and there is a feeling of self-restraint.

Now that he has not finished writing the second half, Zhou Nan knows that the second half of his writing has changed the current writing mode, but gradually slipped into a Western perspective.

That is, he wanted to write the book from an impartial standpoint, but in the end he fell into Western thinking.

In the simplest terms, Toynbee's book is wide enough, but not deep enough.

Zhou Nan spent more than an hour taking a cursory look at his new article and had a serious discussion with him on this issue.

Because he has suffered too much criticism and accusations, Toynby's current mentality is very low. The method of historical deconstruction applied by Zhou Nan in the General History of the World has been admired all over the world, and it is also the reason why Toynbee believed in Zhou Nan.

However, Toynbee's book has now been written in six volumes, and his overall deconstruction is almost finalized. So even if Zhou Nan pointed out these problems, they can't be improved by tinkering.

Unless the structure of the book is disrupted and recompiled.

Toynbee sat on the couch by the fireplace and muttered for a long time, clearly devastated. After being silent for a long time, he said: "Teaching, socializing, and working have not fully devoted my mind to writing books." It seems that I should resign from all public office and calm down to pursue academic research. I need to think about what I should do next. ”

Seeing his depressed appearance after being hit, Zhou Nan himself was also introspecting. It's been a year since he wrote "Human Society", and he hasn't finished one-third of it yet, so he has spent too much energy on other aspects!