Who is Zhou Peiyuan?

Later generations of physics students will be very familiar with this gentleman, one of the founders of modern mechanics and theoretical physics in China, and will serve as the provost of Tsinghua University, the president of Peking University, and the vice president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the future.

Seeing the doubts on the faces of Xu Zhimo and others, Zhou Peiyuan explained: "To put it in layman's terms, the earth has a gravitational force, and the objects we throw out will inevitably fall back to the ground. However, the greater the initial velocity of the object, the farther the object will have to be. When the air resistance is small enough and the velocity is high enough, the object will never fall back to the ground, and it will rotate around the Earth and become a satellite that orbits the Earth. ”

"Like the moon?" Lin Huiyin was surprised.

Zhou Peiyuan nodded and said: "Yes, the moon is also a satellite of the earth, if human beings can create an object that orbits the earth, then this object can become an artificial earth satellite." That's why I said that the book "Titanic" is very interesting, and the futuristic technologies in the book seem whimsical, but they can actually be explained by scientific theories. ”

Deng Shucun said with a smile: "In the past, planes and submarines were just imaginations in science fiction, but now they have become reality?" Literature is also one of the driving forces of science. ”

"This artificial satellite theory was proposed by Mr. Zhou?" Feng Wenbing said curiously.

Zhou Peiyuan thought for a while and said, "To be exact, it was Newton who first proposed it. Mr. Newton put forward the hypothesis that if a cannonball is fired in a high mountain, the greater the velocity of the cannonball, the farther it will fall. Since the earth is round, the shells do not fall when they reach a certain speed and speed. This idea is called 'Newton's cannon'. ”

Xu Zhimo clapped his hands and praised: "Niu Weng is really a strange person!" This artificial earth satellite, can it really be made? ”

Zhou Peiyuan thought carefully: "It's difficult. The gravitational pull of the sun and moon, the gravitational pull of the sun, and the drag of the atmosphere are very complex. The most important thing is how to make an artificial earth satellite have enough initial velocity, which is difficult to achieve with current scientific means. ”

Today, Zhou Peiyuan is already conducting research on quantum mechanics. In a few years, he will also work in theoretical physics at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, and participate in a seminar on general relativity led by Albert Einstein, where he will work on the theory of relativity, gravity, and cosmology.

Until the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Zhou Peiyuan adhered to the ambition of saving the country through science, and resolutely changed the direction of his research to fluid mechanics, which is related to rockets and artificial satellites.

Zhou Peiyuan is very interested in the artificial satellite in "Titanic", but unfortunately there are a bunch of liberal arts and engineering students here, so he can't discuss science topics with him in depth.

Xu Zhimo and the others were still talking about literature, and the political topic circle had already finished discussing the dispute between Ning and Guangdong, Chen Daisun suddenly asked: "I heard that Brother Meng He is going to Europe recently?" ”

"I'll leave next month," said Tao Menghe with a smile, "and I'll be invited to the World Socio-Economic Conference in The Hague, Netherlands." ”

Chen Daisun, who is an economist himself, said with some envy: "Brother Meng He is still influential, and the World Social and Economic Conference has taken the initiative to invite you." Is there any new research result? ”

Tao Menghe said: "I have just completed an investigation report on Chinese industry and workers. ”

"Oh, Brother Meng and talk about it." Chen Daisun was very interested in this.

"China's industrial development is very deformed, with workers concentrated in light factories, mainly textiles, followed by mines and railways. In order to make profits, capitalists employ a large number of relatively low-paid women and children, a phenomenon that is especially common in foreign-funded companies. The number of women workers has increased particularly rapidly, from a figure of 45.7 per cent to 45.7 per cent a decade ago when they accounted for only one third of the country's workforce. Child labour has been used in the light industry sector all the time, and it is moving towards a younger age, and the youngest child labourer was only 6 years old in six major cities I visited! ”

Chen Daisun smiled bitterly: "Capitalists, for the sake of profit, it doesn't matter what kind of child labor is child labor, whether it is Europe or America, this is the case. ”

Tao Menghe added: "China and the United States are still a little different, the specific situation is even worse, and the traditional contract labor and apprenticeship system has also been carried over to modern factories. Some poor families from low-income families took the initiative to send their children to factories as apprentices in order to let their children learn the trades of making a living. Apprentices have to apprentice in the factory, and at the beginning they can only do chores, and they have no salary for a year or several years, until they are affirmed by the factory and the master, and they can pick up from the meager salary. Even some ruthless masters have to withhold the salaries of their apprentices. This situation is mainly seen in Japanese-owned factories, where the Japanese refer to factory apprentices as 'trainees'. ”

When Xu Zhimo heard the topic discussed here, he immediately said angrily: "It's really unreasonable, the Japanese are too hateful!" ”

"Even more hateful are the contractors," Mr. Tao said, "mainly in the mining and textile industries." Some mining companies use contract labor, and even the larger new mining companies have 27%-77% of the contract labor. The second is the yarn factory, where the boss often sends people to the countryside to recruit workers, taking advantage of the ignorance of the villagers to exploit them. These bonded laborers have no personal freedom at all, and their labor intensity is extremely high, but they can only get a meager salary, and even live an inhuman slave life, and are squeezed out of every drop of blood by the capitalists. ”

Hearing Tao Menghe's words, everyone was dumbfounded, and Jin Yuelin was surprised: "What is the difference between these bonded workers and the black slaves in the United States before?" ”

"There is still a difference," Tao Menghe said, "black slaves are the private property of slave owners, just like we raise chickens and cattle, we have to take good care of them, and we can't let the animals die easily." The treatment of contract workers is much worse, they are coerced by force, they can only work day and night in the factory and mine, tired to death, sick to death, beaten to death is very common, anyway, if one contract worker dies, ten more can be recruited. ”

Everyone listened silently, and the Chinese bonded workers were not even as good as the black slaves in the United States, but they were powerless to change the bad status quo.

……

Just when Lin Huiyin was holding a salon at home, "Titanic", called "Love Ark" in Chinese, quickly sold in big cities in the north and south. The sales situation is many times better than that of "Guns, Bacteria and Steel", after all, academic monographs have a narrow audience, while recreational love is aimed at the masses.

Especially those young girls, progressive young people and resentful women, especially the set of "Titanic", sold more than 30,000 copies in a few days.

Compared with "The Family of Gold Powder", which is being serialized by Zhang Hatshui, "Titanic" is a little more exotic, describing a tall luxury cruise trip, and the love routine between a rich girl and a poor boy is also never tired of watching, and it is normal for it to sell well.

Mao Dun also published a commentary article on this purpose in the "Literary Review", an organ of the Left League: "Mr. Zhou's "Love Ark" (formerly known as "Titanic") is not just a pastime, we must see the author's criticism of feudal etiquette, see the firmness of the heroes and heroines in their pursuit of love and freedom, and see the truth, goodness and beauty in human nature. When disaster strikes, except for a few morally corrupt people, people leave the hope of life to women and children, which is a precious human brilliance......"

Lu Xun did not write a book review, but he also mentioned this book in his essays, and the evaluation he gave was biased towards affirmation.

As for our Peking University student Hua Ma Jue, he has been holding "Love Ark" all day long and reading it repeatedly, and he admires Mr. Zhou to the core.

Please remember that the first domain name of this book is:. Lewen mobile version update fastest website: