Chapter 626

Thanks to William's generous patronage, the culture and natural sciences of the Norman kingdom developed rapidly, and the liberal political conditions and research atmosphere attracted countless scholars from all over Europe.

Not only Catholics, but also scholars of the Greek Oriental Orthodox Church and the Orthodox Church, William also welcomed it very much and did not refuse.

Greek Orthodox scholars brought William advanced building techniques and classical Greek literature, and Moorish scholars from Spain and African-African scholars brought him advanced irrigation and farming techniques, herding techniques, and navigation techniques.

At that time, I have to admit that the world's science and technology and civilization were indeed much ahead of the Western world at that time, especially in terms of agricultural technology, which was beyond the reach of Western civilization.

William, who came from later generations, never had any prejudice against the world, and he always welcomed scholars and experts from the world with a tolerant attitude.

At this time, when the Seljuk Turks were on the rise, the Near East was divided and wars were continuous, and William took this opportunity to set up a trading post in Alexandria, the Fatimid dynasty, to recruit scholars from the world who were fleeing the rebellion in this important Mediterranean port city.

In addition to this, William's other line was through the purchase and rescue of the Moors who had been captured by the Castils.

William was well aware that these Moors possessed technological capabilities far more advanced than those of the European world, so he spent the next decade in an alliance with the Castilles to buy Moorish slaves captured by them.

William did not abuse these purchased slaves in the slightest, not only freed them for free, but also hired them as royal prisoners, and Moors can be seen everywhere in the banks, farms, workshops, and colleges of the Norman kingdom.

Of course, with the influx of large numbers of Moors and *** slaves, a type of people called eunuchs began to appear at the court of Paris.

These eunuchs, as well as many *** slaves, preferred to become William's personal servants and serve the royal family and court rather than being freed.

Prior to this, whether it was the court of the Norman kingdom or the courts of other European countries, there was no eunuch system that prevailed in the Eastern countries, which was a very peculiar thing.

In medieval Europe, due to the influence of Christianity, from the princes and nobles to the common people, all strictly followed the monogamous marriage system, and the demand for eunuchs was brewing, that is, the purity of the royal descendants and the chastity of concubines, which generally existed in the polygamous Near Eastern Arab world.

From the perspective of demand, the European royal families did not have the objective conditions for the birth of the eunuch system.

Of course, this is not to say that the royal families do not need eunuchs, but even if they do, they cannot afford to provide for them.

The emergence of a large number of eunuchs is also related to the centralized system, only in a highly centralized society ruled by officials, due to sufficient and strong tax capacity, it is possible to support a huge court consumption and support a eunuch, and like Western European countries, because of the widespread implementation of the feudal system, the central public finance is underdeveloped, and it is simply unable to support eunuchs.

At the earliest, eunuchs were in Egypt, and according to the literature, eunuchs may have appeared in Egypt as early as 1,500 AD.

With Alexander's conquest of Egypt, this system of eunuchs was introduced to the Greek world.

After the conquest of Greece, the Romans gradually introduced the eunuch system because of the establishment of the imperial system and the increase of centralized power.

In the Middle Ages, the successor of the Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire, still widely existed in the court of the eunuch culture, as for the Arab world, until the collapse of the modern Ottoman Empire, it was dominated by the developed eunuch culture.

William's Norman kingdom because of the strength of the king and the royal family, also began the process of centralization, the setting of provinces and inner and outer courts is its important symbol, which marks that William's rule will spread throughout the country, north to Scotland, east to Lorraine, west to Ireland, south to the border of Barcelona, whether it is a royal territory or a vassal territory, will be under the direct rule of the king and the central government.

William, who had a vast crown territory, numerous royal estates and chambers of commerce, and a tributary of the various provinces, already had enough money and taxes to support the eunuchs.

Of course, the deeper reason, as may be the case with the kings of the East, which is used to strengthen centralized rule.

We are familiar with the story of the Oriental world, in the past, Emperor Guangwu of the Later Han Dynasty replaced the eunuchs with eunuchs as the middle officials, and used the eunuchs who relied on the king's snort as the best tool to fight the scholars, and the later dynasties consciously followed suit, and the Zhu Ming Dynasty reached its peak in the Zhu Ming Dynasty, which was the son of heaven guarding the country, and even the Chongzhen Emperor who produced the Wei Rebellion eunuch party had to rely on the eunuchs to exercise his weak imperial power.

In the Western world, the prosperity of the eunuch system is also due to the emperors of the ancient Roman Empire, especially after Diocletian completely introduced the Eastern god-emperor system, the construction of Roman absolutism reached a new climax.

Over time, the eunuch culture became more deeply embedded in the body of the Byzantine Empire, and the historian Lenciman once verified that "most of the archbishops of Constantinople" in the Eastern Roman capital at that time were eunuchs.

Of course, although the prosperity of eunuchs helped to strengthen the centralized rule of the monarch, it also brought many negative effects, such as the emergence of harem intervention in the middle and late Byzantine Empire, and the decline of the Ottoman Empire, which were inseparable from the autocratic power of the eunuch governor.

William, who was well versed in history, certainly knew the dangers that the eunuch system could bring to the kingdom, and these eunuchs would always be driven by greed in their hearts and extend their claws to the coffers of the state and the royal family.

Therefore, when William used eunuchs, he deliberately suppressed their power, and specially appointed his most trusted nobleman Faller Osbourne to lead them.

The eunuchs currently used in the Norman court were all imported from the Arab world and Byzantine Minor, presumably because William was reluctant to mutilate his own people because of the benevolent ideas of later generations.

In Western Europe, there were few countries that imitated the Byzantine Empire in using eunuchs, mainly in the countries surrounding the Byzantine Empire. The weak royal power of the Middle Ages, the strong aristocracy, and the financial system that was better than nothing, made it impossible for the Western European countries to support eunuchs, and the authority of the king was not as high as that of the Ottoman Empire, so the image of eunuchs in Game of Thrones TV sets is very incredible.