"I heard that your army has set up schools to support officials, and the internal government and miscellaneous studies are not based on Confucian classics, I don't know if this is true?"

"The Governor is the one who initiates it."

"Because of this, Shilin reprimanded it."

Chen Ming's answer just now was proud, and Qin Dacheng's reply now was also firm and powerful.

"Scholars, gentry."

"The gentry are also in the world."

"Although there are eight banners in the current dynasty, the eight banners are all trapped in the capital and the key places in the world, except for a few places, those who are in charge of the laws and powers of the world's places are all gentry."

Of course, Shilin cannot completely overlap with the gentry class, but the middle and upper class figures who have the right to speak in Shilin completely overlap with the gentry class. Therefore, it is not an exaggeration to say that 'the scholars are also the gentry'.

This gentry was a complete combination of the literati class and the landlord class, they had a financial base, they had prestige and fame. They are like the strengthened versions of the elected local councilors in the Western political system in later generations, controlling local real power and public opinion.

"Your army has township officials, who compete for power and profit with the big clans, and the gentry are especially disgusted."

"The gentry are disgusted, that is, the world is disgusted. Although your army abolished the head silver, only one of the fifteen per mu was used, and there were no miscellaneous taxes, which was of great benefit to the people's livelihood, but the people were still evil. "Qin Dacheng is a champion, he really has a belly of ink, and he has his own opinions on some things. He didn't think that the policies of the Fu Han Army could really be recognized by the general public, because none of the 100 ordinary people could recognize 100 characters, and the newspapers of the Fu Han Army could only be circulated in the homes of the Shilin gentry and rich families, and the news could not reach the bottom at all. And the Fu Han Army can still write some dramas and commentaries on its own territory, but these things are not at all outside the area under its control.

"Today's noble army, the soldiers reprimanded it, the gentry are evil, how can it become a big thing?" The Fu Han army is very sharp against the banner people, but no matter how sharp Qin Dacheng is, they will not really empathize, so they will be inseparable from the Fu Han army. But the Han army treated the civilians well and the gentry and landlords harshly, which stepped on their tails.

Chen Ming raised his eyebrows, this Qin Dacheng spoke very politely. And ......, "Shilin? Gentry? Does Mr. Qin value them too much? ”

"When the Manchu Qing Dynasty entered the customs, the Shilin gentry were also against their rule, didn't they still kneel under the knife?" Chen Ming remembered his disdain when he saw the allusion of 'the water is too cold' in his previous life, and was completely speechless when he saw 'the scalp itching', and then his impression of the Donglin Party was completely turned 180°, and his impression of the Shilin in the late Ming Dynasty and even Confucianism was completely corrupted.

Later, after reading a lot of various materials and commentaries, and knowing the complex relationship between the Donglin Party and the big landlords and big businessmen in Jiangnan, Chen Ming sneered even more at the Donglin Party, which he had a good impression of when he was a child. Some people say that 'the Ming Dynasty died, died in Donglin', it may be a bit too much to say, the Zhu family and even the entire world Shilin and Shangjia have an unshirkable responsibility, but to say that the Donglin Party has a major relationship with the defeat of the Ming Dynasty, it will definitely not be bad.

"The Metropolitan Governor's words are wrong. The Qing Dynasty is a foreign race and entered the Central Plains, to bully the world, during the killing is very heavy, the common people suffer for it, God has mercy, and the students dare not say more. However, this killer is by no means the stable center of gravity of the Qing Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty admired Confucianism and respected Confucius, and used the Han law to govern the world, without following the old mistakes of the former Mengyuan Dynasty, which was the first major contribution of the Qing Dynasty to break the shackles of "Hu Wu's Hundred Years of Luck". ”

When the Manchus entered the Central Plains, they quickly colluded with the Han bureaucrats and gentry in the interior, and as long as the officials from all over the country were demoted, they could stay in their original posts, and soon started scientific expeditions. Of course, Qin Dacheng's words describe this process very literately, and he also cites scriptures.

Chen Ming waved his hand and interrupted him: "To put it bluntly, that is, the Manchu Qing Dynasty retained the bureaucrats of the former Ming Dynasty, so that the two were quickly combined, and soon opened up the science and selected officials, and opened the way for the majority of Han scholars to enter the ranks, which was supported by most Han scholars."

The Han landlords could become officials through imperial examinations and donations, so that the gentry and landlord class and the literati and scholars could resume their old careers and form a community of interests with the Qing government. This is more conducive to their own interests than Li Zicheng killing officials and robbing big households. The Manchus also adopted these measures, which to a certain extent alleviated the contradictions between themselves and the Han gentry, won the cooperation of the Han people, and expanded the Manchus' own ruling base.

And the current Fu Han Army, in the eyes of many scholars and gentry, is deviant, to a certain extent, it is the king of Li Chuang. ”

The sarcasm and sharp words on the corners of Chen Ming's mouth made Qin Dacheng unable to speak for a while, and his face flushed slightly. "The Governor of the Metropolitan will see you." But among the scholars in Jiangnan, many people do call the Fu Han Army the second king of Li Chuang.

In the cadre schools of the Fu Han Army, they emphasized the study of politics and miscellaneous studies, the law and cases, and even the techniques of 'strange and obscene techniques', while neglecting the Confucian classics; in the official system, they also reinstated the establishment of township officials and competed with the big families for the rights of the township and the interests of the people; from the two most fundamental points, they deeply offended the broad masses of the Han gentry class, and it was not unreasonable for the scholars and a large number of landlords in the south of the Yangtze River to regard the Fu Han Army as the second of King Li Chuang.

In the final analysis, people are selfish animals, and these people, like their ancestors, have made decisions to safeguard their vital interests in the face of national righteousness and their own vital interests. Just like the family gate valve during the Three Kingdoms and the Two Jin Dynasties and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the interests of the country are not as important as the interests of the family, and now the general interests of the country are not as important as the small interests of their own families. The Jiangnan Shilin gentry just made the same decision as their ancestors back then, and it was easier and less burdensome.

Because, now the Manchu Qing is orthodox, and the Fu Han army is an anti-thief.

Chen Ming waved his hand, no longer discussing this topic, it was meaningless. In the middle of Qianlong, the Chinese Han landlord class could not have turned against the Manchus and stood up against the Manchus. What kind of national righteousness, what Huayi distinguished, for the Han landlord class at this time are bullshit, the Manchu Qing Dynasty when the shaving of hair and easy clothes has completely broken the backbone of the Han nationality, the national integrity of the smash. Now even if the Fu Han army is light on food and uses money to buy them, the township officials set up on the other side of the Fu Han army are also eroding the foundation of their family's existence.

The impact of the latter on the squires and landlords was likely to be greater than the impact of the former on their concessions to the gentry.

In terms of interests, they were truly one country with the Manchus. What is the 'anti-Qing and Han restoration' of the Han Army? Eat or drink? Does it weigh real money?

"Let's change the topic and talk about the difference between being an official and being a scholar. Mr. Qin is a champion talent, and he has also been an official for a few days, Mr. Qin thinks that there is a ...... between studying and being an official" Chen Ming gestured, "Is there a very direct and necessary connection?" ”

"Now the officials are only the county governors, and they all have to bring three or four masters to take office. From money and food, criminal names, to official documents to superiors, and even receptions and gifts to officials, there must be a master who is responsible for the counterpart, so an official, a stupid worm can also be said, does Mr. Qin think it is beneficial to the people? ”

Chen Ming has a very thorough understanding of the officials of this era, and he was also mixed with the yamen for a few days at the beginning, and he was really disgusted with the officials and the official system of this era. At the beginning, the Lushan County Ya, whether it was Yue Wenhai or Chang Rui's dog, handled government affairs and tried cases one by one, and they relied too much on the master's staff. "Mr. Qin was appointed to the Hanlin Academy in Beijing to revise and revise the history of the country, and did not go down to the state and county as an official and was in charge of the government. But I think that Mr. Qin who the Governor just mentioned must be familiar with him. ”

Chen Ming's questioning was very sharp, and what he put out was the truth, which Qin Dacheng could not deny. Jiaxing is not far from Shaoxing, and the latter's prosperous master line spread throughout China before and after the Ming Dynasty. Of course Qin Dacheng knew these things.

"This is a malaise of officialdom."

"It's also the Manchu Qing Dynasty's method of entrapping people, isn't it?" Chen Ming said viciously.

During the Tang and Song dynasties in China, there was not necessarily an official to be an official to pass the Jinshi examination, but also to have an official examination: body, speech, writing, and judgment, and the four things were selected. body, refers to the great appearance of the body; 言, refers to the correction of words; Shu, refers to the beauty of calligraphy; Judgment refers to the excellence of arts and sciences. If you can do all four, you will be selected and awarded. This specification is indeed too strict, at least there is no need to be too persistent in the physiognomy calligraphy, Chen Ming personally thinks. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, not only were the previous rules gone, but the official position of the Jinshi as an official was suddenly raised to the red line of the seven-rank county order, which made the seniors of the Tang and Song dynasties who played the nine-grade petty officials sit up.

And the Manchus also had a 'big pick'. This is the rule set by Qianlong. In the seventeenth year of customization, the four subjects (Jiaqing five years changed to three subjects) are not in the lift, by the ministry according to its appearance to deal with the selection, the first class to know the county, the second class to teach. It is held once every six years, and is intended to give scholars from a higher background a wider way out. It's really good to win the hearts of Shilin's people.

"This emperor is magnificent. The Metropolitan Governor is both disgusted with Confucianism and different from the imperial examination, is he going to abolish Confucianism and abolish the imperial examination? Qin Dacheng stuck to the bottom line and did not answer Chen Ming's question, but launched a counterattack.

Chen Ming smiled, Manchu Qing, no, you have to count Zhu Ming, who can be separated from the master's staff? left his master's staff, even those capable officials and ministers who left their names in history will soon be unable to play. This is the general climate so. Except, of course, Hai Jui. This guy who bought two catties of meat after his mother's birthday can't afford to hire a master.

Qin Dacheng couldn't refute it, but Qin Dacheng, who couldn't refute it, was resolutely unwilling to watch Chen Ming put the 'incompetent' hat on the head of Shilin Confucius, because that was tantamount to buttoning the head of the Confucian classics. Qin Dacheng's counterattack followed.

"Why did Mr. Qin say this? The Governor was very dissatisfied with the incompetent officials now, and there was a lot of confusion about whether there was a necessary connection between the Four Books and the Five Classics and the officials, but the Governor never thought of abolishing the imperial examinations. ”

The rabbits in the previous life are not the same as the 'scientific examination', and the civil service examination is essentially the same. It's just that the level and specifications have been reduced a lot.

Even the British Empire, which dominated modern times in the original time and space, also introduced exams into their official system. So you never lag behind in the exam, it's just the content of the exam that lags behind.

The conversation between Chen Ming and Qin Dacheng lasted for a short time, and the second half of the conversation was about the importance of Confucianism and the whole world and the merits of Confucianism. For Chen Ming, the entire Han civilization and Han culture have been inherited to this day, and the Confucian set, the unity of heaven and man, the induction of heaven and man, the unity of knowledge and action, and even the three outlines and five constants, etc., he cannot deny its importance, because denying these is tantamount to denying the current Han culture and Han civilization.

Ask the common people today, those poor peasants who can't read a single big word regard the Three Principles and the Five Constants as the truth. The husband is heaven in front of his wife, and Lao Tzu is heaven in front of his son and daughter. This is the sentiment of the Chinese people, and Chen Ming must first admit all this if he wants to change.

Because of the evolution of one or two thousand years, Chinese traditional culture and Confucianism have been completely integrated, making the Chinese traditional universal values the most direct manifestation of Confucianism.

To deny Confucianism in this era is to deny the traditional Chinese culture and universal values of this era.

Chen Ming's ideals are still far away, and they are still full of ups and downs and twists and turns. The most important thing is that Chen Ming does not want to completely deny the contribution of Confucianism to China, and some traditional Chinese culture and universal values represented by Confucianism itself still need to be inherited. He only wanted to cut off the part of the cynic, but it was almost impossible. Because the current Confucianism is cynicism.

Therefore, Chen Ming decided to separate Confucianism from officialdom, so as to cut off the roots of cynicism. In a very straightforward way: Chen Ming just wants to combine Confucianism from official Confucianism to a pure science, even if it becomes a representative of Chinese sinology, Chinese thought and Chinese culture, Chen Ming will not care about it. But it's hard, it's hard.

Chen Ming wants to take back the right to 'education' from Confucianism, he wants a Western-style education that faces the whole society as an outlet, and the outlet of the school is the broad society, not the Confucian education that is purely for officials.

In the future of China, all kinds of talents needed for social development, a large number of talents, must be quickly cultivated through the school system. Rather than the traditional Chinese 'master-apprentice' education.

The reform experience of the Manchu Qing Dynasty has already told Chen Ming: if a society has set up many new schools, but because of the existence of traditional imperial examinations, the new schools will definitely not be able to run. No matter how much the government treats the students of the new school and how much subsidies they give, the students inside are also in Cao Ying's heart. Because the traditional imperial examination has been practiced for more than a thousand years, because the official position in China is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. As long as the traditional imperial examination system still exists, students will be fascinated, and only by taking the path of the imperial examination can scholars be on the right path, will they be looked down upon, and will they get a higher social status.

Therefore, Chen Ming faced this series of problems, and he had to attack Confucianism. The core 'official Confucianism' was divided into two, and the scientific examination system evolved step by step into the civil service examination of later generations.

Hundreds of thousands of talents across the country selected six or seven thousand people, and then selected three hundred jinshi from six or seven thousand people, this imperial examination is of course dazzling, and as soon as the jinshi comes out, he is a seven-grade official. But if the target of the imperial examination selection has changed from the county magistrate to the petty officials, from the central government to the provincial capital, from 300 people to 3,000, or even more, will it still be so attractive?

Chen Ming looked at Qin Dacheng's retreating figure, and he was no longer in the mood to talk with such Jiangnan celebrities, these people grew up under the influence and environment of cynicism without bones when they were young, and China in this era was not affected by foreign colonial forces, and his heart was still full of the self-satisfaction and pride of the Tian Dynasty, and it was difficult to convince them in a few words.

But Chen Ming can proudly say to anyone: his words and deeds, and every decision he makes, are for this country, for this nation, not for his own selfish interests. (To be continued.) )