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After doing this, he didn't contact anyone again, nor did he rest, but went headlong into a tea room, which at this time had been converted into his temporary laboratory, and the spices and other materials that he had ordered Tian Cheng to prepare were also placed here. Pen ~ fun ~ pavilion www.biquge.info

Entering the temporary laboratory, Zhu Youhua saw that the surroundings were already full of the raw materials he wanted, as well as some basic experimental tools such as stoves, iron pots, tongs, kettles, and wooden tables for cutting, the most conspicuous of which was a domestic Western clock.

In ancient China, it was always timed with a gui watch, a sundial and a leaky pot, and until the Ming Dynasty, most of them still used a leaky pot. For example, in Beijing during the Ming Dynasty, there was a bell and drum tower, which was to beat the drum and beat the bell regularly to report the time to the whole city through the copper carving leak of the bell and drum tower. Now the Forbidden City Jiao Tai Hall preserves a Ming Dynasty leaky pot, according to the experiment, the amount of water flowing into the kettle within an hour is about seven catties, about 168 catties for 24 hours a day, and the error of a day is about ten minutes.

Of course, the general leaky pot is only owned by the rich and noble, or the big family, and the ordinary people, most of them calculate the time by looking at the sky, or listening to the beating, or listening to the drums and bells in the city to time.

Until Wanli ten years Western-style table clocks began to be introduced into China, to now Liangguang and Nanzhili region have their own watchmakers, decades of production technology is becoming more and more mature, there are gears inside, the daily error is not large, it is very convenient to pull and the price is not expensive, Zhu Youhua asked Tian Cheng to buy one on the market, and it is good to use it to accurately control the experimental time, which can greatly improve the success rate of the experiment.

The silver in the treasury is less than 10,000 taels, and he still has hundreds of guards to raise, people eat horses and chew, and the daily expenses are like flowing water, and then I don't want to find some ways to get some silver into the account, and in a short time, I am afraid that even the food and salary of the palace guards will not be paid, and the emperor is not short of hungry soldiers, so the top priority is to get some emergency silver first, and then talk about it for a while.

The experiment he wants to do today is to develop soap, as a modern person whose soul has worn to ancient times, it is really tyrannical to not make good use of the knowledge of his previous life, and the principle and process of making soap are not unfamiliar to Zhu Youhua, who has read too many farming stream web novels in his previous life.

In the past few years, there has been no experiment, mainly because the silver money was quite abundant at that time, the county king's wealth, rewards and so on were not low, when he became an adult, he also received more than 100,000 taels of silver from the rich and rival treasury of the old Fu Wang, tens of thousands of stone coarse grain, and thousands of acres of farmland, these silver money income was used to raise a hundred and ten families, dozens of war horses were more than enough, and there was no shortage of money in the palace for the time being, that is, now the number of guards has expanded more than twice, resulting in a shortage of money, he thought of this golden finger.

As for the necessary raw material for refining soap, caustic soda, Zhu Youhua planned to replace it with plant ash, according to the simplified version of the modern soap production process of Fan Qiuming in the previous life, Zhu Youhua ordered Tian Cheng to add ten catties of water to the pot, and then add five catties of plant ash, and then put the iron pot on the stove, so that Tian Cheng carefully added heat.

Zhu Youhua himself used two large bamboo chopsticks to stir evenly in the pot, during which he slowly poured in three catties of lard prepared in advance, and then continued to heat and stir constantly.

Seeing that the lard had all melted, Zhu Youhua instructed Tian Cheng to use it and continue to heat it over low heat. Through the faint smoke, Tian Cheng saw that Zhu Youhua was stirring in the pot with large chopsticks, and he had doubts in his heart, he didn't know what the master was making in the pot, but as a slave of the palace, he knew his duties very well, the master was thinking about having fun, and he was waiting for him, so the doubts that had just arisen were quickly suppressed by him, and he stared at the charcoal fire in the furnace again.

What Tian Cheng didn't know was that the lard and plant ash in the pot were undergoing a saponification reaction at this time. Zhu Youhua stirred a few more times, and then gently covered the pot. Waiting for the reaction of various substances in the pot, he knew that the product of the reaction was sodium stearate, which is also the ingredient of ordinary soap, and the rest was glycerin, which has good absorption to the skin and moisturizing effect, many cosmetics will have this ingredient, and even it is a very good cosmetic in itself.

About a quarter of an hour later, Zhu Youhua opened the lid of the pot and found that the water began to divide in the pot, and in order to determine whether it was completely layered, he lifted the shovel from the pot.

After lifting it, I found that the soap liquid was still sticking to the shovel and could not be removed, and I knew that the water had not been completely divided, so I added a small amount of plant ash until the water was completely separated.

After separating the water, in order to separate the impurities and sewage in the soap liquid in the pot, he put the prepared pound of salt into it, and stirred to fully dissolve the salt.

After salting-out, it continued to heat for seven minutes before pulling out the charcoal fire to stop heating.

About an hour later, Zhu Youhua opened the lid of the pot and found that there was a viscous liquid on the upper layer, and sewage on the lower layer.

After they cooled and solidified, Zhu Youhua found that the color of these soaps was too poor, and the yield was too low, and it took so many raw materials to make such a point, which was obviously a failed experiment.

So he constantly adjusted the ratio of plant ash, lard and salt, and at the same time experimented with the best reaction time, and in the next two or three days, Zhu Youhua did dozens of experiments in one go, which controlled the proportion of each raw material and the reaction time within a relatively reasonable range.

The yield of soap is also getting higher and higher, and the quality is getting better and better, and the soap produced is placed in a pre-placed rectangular iron box, and after they gradually take shape, Zhu Youhua cut off a small piece with a knife and put it in the sun to look at it.

I found that the appearance and color of the soap base have been greatly improved, but it should not be as good as the soap balls that are carefully synthesized by hand by the ladies on weekdays, even if its production cost is lower.

Soap ball: A synthetic detergent that appeared in the Song Dynasty is to mash and grind natural honey locust (also known as soap horn, hanging knife, soap locust, commonly known as soap horn), add spices and other substances to make an orange-sized ball, which is specially used for washing the face and bathing the body, commonly known as soap ball.

The Song people's meticulous "Wulin Old Things" volume 6 records that in the Southern Song Dynasty, Kyoto, Lin'an, already had a businessman specializing in soap groups. Ming Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica" recorded the manufacturing method of soap balls: soap locusts are born in the high mountains, the trees are tall, the leaves are like sandalwood and honey locust leaves, bloom in May and June, bear pods of three or four inches, thick and fleshy, there are several sunspots inside, as big as fingers, not round, there are white kernels, edible. In October, the pods are picked, boiled and mashed, and the white flour and incense are used as pills, and the body is bathed, and the dirt is removed and greasy, which is better than the honey locust.

At present, in terms of competitiveness, there are still some gaps between the soap and the soap group, but what Zhu Youhua really wants to make is not simply soap, but soap!