Chapter subtitle: Sometimes Thoughts Fall from Trees Before They Mature.

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As for our Master Yuan, why doesn't he have his own faction?

In fact, whether it is engaged in natural sciences or social sciences, it is human beings who are engaged in science after all, so scientists are actually very engaged. And because their IQ is higher than that of the average person, they are also more engaged than the average person.

Of course, although they are promiscuous, they cheat, they are engaged, they are lolitacon, they have illegitimate children, they are the same party, they are unscrupulous, they sell their reputation, they tend to be inflammatory...... But a scientist who can produce results is a good scientist.

If you engage in natural sciences, you have to form gangs, let alone engage in social sciences.

As an economist in the social sciences, Yuan Yanqian, who studied at NYU, did not have a good teacher, so naturally he did not have a fellow teacher, and he did not want to waste time going to Cambridge University and Vienna University to study for a PhD. Therefore, there is an inherent weakness in this regard.

He currently has no disciples who are cheering for him, and if he doesn't hug the thigh of the Austrian school, he will have to fight alone. There are three gangs of a hero, and a master needs countless people. In addition, many people in the Austrian school will come to the United States during World War II, so it would be better to have a good relationship first.

By the way, Yuan Yanqian also sent a copy to Hayek's cousin, Ludwig Wittgenstein. Although this old man is now "teaching" in the mountains of southern Austria, and in the future he is a great philosopher engaged in linguistics and logic, and has nothing to do with economics. But this mustachioed middle school classmate is too much to listen to, and since he has caught up, he must know him.

After Wittgenstein became an elementary school teacher, he went to work as a gardener in a monastery. His sister was so worried about his state of mind that she invited him to design a house for herself, which later became the Bulgarian embassy, and he also had the title of architect. He would later become a professor of philosophy at Trinity College, but he resigned because he thought teaching philosophy was a "ridiculous profession".

And Master Yuan's first sentence in all his letters is a golden sentence from this golden sentencer: Sometimes thoughts fall from the tree before they are mature.

Yuan Yanqian is not modest either, because the people he wants to get to know are all real masters.

The first and most important one, the British economist Alfred? Alfred Marshall (1842-1924) must have sent a copy, this old fellow has not had a few years to live, and if he doesn't know him, he will have to go to another world.

He liberated economics from the subordinate status of political science and history, making it a truly independent discipline, and under his influence he was the first to establish an economics department at the University of Cambridge. In this respect, he can be said to be the chief contributor to the field of economics, and the title of "Knight of Economics" is truly appropriate.

He was also the founder of the neoclassical school, also known as the Cambridge School. Marshall's Principles of Economics, published in 1890, is recognized as an epoch-making masterpiece in Western economics, and the most important work after The Wealth of Nations, after which there was microeconomics.

By the way, he originally studied physics, but he was told that physics was nothing to do, so he went to social science.

Marshall also had a proud disciple and orthodox successor, Arthur Cecil Pigou (1877-1959), who would later be one of Keynes's main rivals and created a "Pigou effect". Even for the sake of his ass, Yuan Yanqian has to get to know this Mr. Pigou.

Britain has it, and of course the United States has it.

The first is John Bates Clark (1847-1938), the founder of the American Economic Association and a fellow craftsman, who of course did not have a low SAN value. Although he was not a member of the Austrian School, he was also an important member of the Marginal Utility School.

The most important economics prize outside of the Nobel Prize in Economics is the Clark Prize, which is named after him by the American Economic Association. Unlike the Nobel Prize, this prize is only awarded to young people under the age of 40.

Of course, our Master Yuan is also going to join the American Economic Association, and this Columbia University professor is also engaged in marginal utility theory, which is half an ally in academics.

And, of course, there is John Rogers Cummins, the founder of the school of institutional economics and then director of the U.S. Economic Investigation Bureau (John Rogers Commons 1862-1945).

One of the pioneers of econometrics and the first mathematical economist in the United States, Irving Fisher (1867-1947). The Yale professor is now teaching people about investment and financial management, and after the Great Depression he will lose money and become a model for economists who can't get into the stock market.

Harvard, Yale, Columbia, Stanford, Princeton...... In all the famous American schools with political economy departments, Master Yuan did not let any of them go.

Well, the next name is familiar even to the uninitiates of economics: the Italian Vilfredo Pareto (1848-1923), who proposed the "Pareto optimum" and the "Pareto Rule". This descendant of the Genoese nobility was an important member of the Lausanne school. (Author's note: The Pareto rule is the 20/80 rule, where 20% of people own 80% of the property.) ）

In fact, many of the contents of Mussolini and Hitler's National Socialism came from his doctrine, and later there were many of his disciples and grandchildren in the financial department of the Italian fascist government.

Is this kind of character important, should I write a letter to his old man?

In addition to Western economics, there are also "non-Western" economists. This "non-Western" does not mean that the economists are not Europeans, but that they are all leftists of all stripes.

For example, Rudolf Hilferding, known as the most authoritative ideologue of the Second International and future finance minister of the German SPD. In the original timeline, he would have died at the hands of the Gestapo in the future. Yes, he was a Jew.

There is also an important figure in the history of the development of Western Marxism, one of the leaders of the Second International, and the editor of the fourth volume of Capital, Karl Kautsky (1854~1938). Although he edited this volume of Capital, it is not considered to respect Marx's original intentions in the West and in Soviet Russia. By the way, in February 1921 he started a second and a half international in Vienna.

The other was Eduard Bernstein, who came up with the famous "Bernstein revisionism".

This brother was important because he refuted Marx's prediction of the imminent demise of capitalism, insisting that socialism could be achieved through capitalism. Therefore, the economic circles of a large country in the East, which later became known as "the last bastion of capitalism" and "took the road of socialism with the characteristics of Seris", appreciated his doctrine very much.

"Tuk Tuk ......"

Hearing a knock on the door, Master Yuan, who was writing a letter at the desk, raised his voice and asked, "What's the matter?" ”

"I'm sorry, there are two Japanese guests who want to meet you......"

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Today, I saw a comment saying that one of the big failures of this broken book is the spitting style......

Murong could only say that he should cry when he laughed, and he couldn't do anything about it.