Chapter 458 Wugang City Special Economic Zone
The five-port alliance of Hastings, Romney, Hayes, Dover, and Sandwich on the coast of south-east Kent and Sussex, as well as the port cities of Rai and Winchilsey, which granted law enforcement and self-government, was tasked with providing ships and sailors exclusively for the Crown and for the security of the seas off the coast of England.
The Governor of the Five Ports Alliance was also given the title of Baron of the League by William, who also gave the Baron of the League the honour of holding the crown for the King and Queen of England, and also enjoyed the privilege of being seated alongside the King at the Coronation Dinner.
The "Special Writ of the Five Ports Alliance" signed by William and the Five Ports Alliance stipulates that the League has the relevant rights to the king's coronation, the right to form the council of the League city, the right to attend the royal pre-royal meeting, the right to manage the Ayamouth Herring Market, the right to deal with legal disputes related to the members of the League, the right to elect officials and manage the city, and so on.
Correspondingly, William asked the Five Ports Alliance to provide naval services, including the provision of 80 warships per year, with a crew of less than 80 men on each warship, and a service period of not less than 30 days, and at the same time the alliance also had to take on the responsibility of defending the sea frontier against the Danish invasion, which was their duty and the price paid for obtaining privileges from William.
Unlike William's royal North Sea Fleet, the fleet of the Five Ports Alliance was still a temporary feudal fleet, and instead of the hundreds of tons of Galen, it was more armed merchant ships, Kirk ships, and Viking longships. From this it follows that the duty of this fleet is transport and coastal defense, not offensive.
However, the role of this fleet cannot be denied, relying on the prosperous Five Ports Alliance, the alliance fleet can completely recruit merchant ships into the army, and the number of warships in the fleet can reach hundreds in a short time, while the North Sea Fleet at this time has only 22 large and small Galen warships and more than 30 Viking longships and Kirk ships.
Although in terms of combat effectiveness, the Five Ports Alliance Fleet and the Royal North Sea Fleet are not the same, but they are still an important maritime force of the kingdom, and their performance against the navies of European countries is not bad, and they are not inferior to the Royal North Sea Fleet.
The reason why William formed the Five Ports Alliance was because of the two-year deficit of the royal government, which could not afford the huge cost of building ships and the maintenance of the fleet, so that the Royal North Sea Fleet has not been able to obtain new warships to replenish, but the size of the fleet has been reduced in recent years.
As a last resort, William could only ask the port cities on the southeast coast to provide warships and sailors to form a five-port alliance fleet as a supplement to the Royal North Sea Fleet.
The predecessor of the Five Ports Alliance, the Five Ports City, actually existed for a long time, it was established as early as the reign of Edward I the Confessor, and its role was to defend against the Danish invasion, and what William did was to renegotiate the treaty with the Five Ports City and establish the Five Ports Alliance, increasing the number of warships and sailors provided by the Five Ports Alliance.
The rise of the city of Wugang is inseparable from the unique geographical, economic, political and social environment of the southeast of England.
In terms of geographical location, the southeast of England is only separated from Flanders and the northwest of France by a narrow English Channel, and the frequent material and cultural exchanges between the two sides of the strait have laid a solid foundation for the economic prosperity and cultural prosperity of the region.
In terms of transportation, the region's gentle coastline and wide coastal areas have created a number of excellent ports, which facilitate the docking of merchant ships and make the region an important hub for trade between England and the mainland.
In terms of agricultural and pastoral production, the fertile marshy plains and estuarine islands along the coast are rich in grain and are the famous granaries of England. In the areas close to the interior, the natural conditions are suitable for the development of animal husbandry, which has led to a well-developed local wool production and export industry.
Large quantities of wool were exported to Flanders through the ports of the southeast coastal group, which brought back a huge profit for England. In addition, the abundant fishery resources of the North Sea have also led to the development of fishing trade in coastal ports, and a large international herring market has been formed in the Yarmouth area of Norfolk.
The Church played an extremely important role in the socio-economic development of the Southeast, and under the support of successive rulers, the Church developed into the largest feudal lord in the region.
By the 11th century, church estates had taken up one-third of all land in Kent, and church lords had reclaimed wasteland in the area, attracted immigrants, and developed agriculture and animal husbandry, creating a thriving manor economy.
At the same time, most of the port cities in the southeast, including Wugang City, are owned by the Church, and under the protection and encouragement of the Church Lords, the economy and culture of these cities have developed considerably.
In terms of culture, Canterbury in this region is the religious holy city of England, the cultural center of England, under its influence, cities such as London and Winchester in the southeast coastal region have a prosperous regional culture, and the coastal ports such as Southampton and Sandwich have taken advantage of the convenience of transportation to become an important transit point for the introduction of mainland culture into England.
Of course, after William's Reformation, church property, including church estates and assets in Kent, has been taken over to the royal family, and the city of Wugang, the main body of the Five Ports Alliance, certainly belongs to William.
In William's vision, the role of the five-port alliance was more of a special economic zone to attract trade and investment, and the importance of the five-port fleet was seconded to the economic role.
As in the case of special economic zones such as Shenzhen and Shanghai, a certain degree of autonomy would prosper the local economy and increase the royal family's taxes, and the loss of a small amount of city management would be insignificant to William.
The Five Ports Alliance was granted many privileges and autonomous powers, but William was not worried that it would turn against him, because the main body of the Five Ports Alliance, the Five Ports City, was owned by William, and he could abolish the Five Ports Alliance at any time and take back the privileges granted to him as long as he wanted.
Of course, now is not the time to take it back, and when the ports and cities of the Five Hong Kong Alliance have developed and matured, then it will be the best time to take back the special groups of the Five Hong Kong Alliance and bring the five port cities under its direct jurisdiction.
Kent and Sussex are unrivalled in importance, and with the social and economic prosperity of the South East attracting a large number of people to move to the region, these two counties have the highest population density in England, and the total economy is among the highest.
By 1300, the population density of the region had reached 111 people per square mile, not much the same as across the sea from Flanders and northwestern France.
By the late Middle Ages, although the entire southeast coastal area accounted for only 21% of England's land area, its population accounted for 26% of the total population, and its total wealth also accounted for 30% of the country's total, indicating that the southeast region has become the center of gravity of England's social economy.
It is believed that with William's full support, this process will be accelerated several times, and perhaps in more than a decade, the southeast coastal region will become the richest region in England, and then the Five Hong Kong Alliance will really ripe potatoes and become delicious fruits that can be picked.