Chapter 26: Mayan Information (Skippable)

After scientists investigated the Mayan ruins, they came up with the main contents of the Mayan culture:

The Mayan civilization was born in 3113 BC and was an ancient civilization located in southeastern Mexico, Guatemala, and Central and South America, including the Yucatan Peninsula.

First, new varieties of food that have made significant contributions to mankind have been cultivated in agricultural production, such as corn, tomatoes, pumpkins, beans, sweet potatoes, peppers, cocoa, pandan grass and tobacco, among which the cultivation of corn has made the greatest contribution to mankind. Corn is a wild plant in the Americas, which was cultivated by the Mayans and turned into a high-yielding grain variety. Corn has many varieties, high nutritional value and large yield, which is not only the material basis of American Indian culture. After Europeans arrived in the Americas, corn spread to the whole world and became the main food in many parts of the world, helping people in many parts of the world to survive countless famines, and making indelible contributions to the continuation and development of mankind. The Maya were also breeders of turkeys. Turkey is now a must-have delicacy in European and American families, and the achievements of the Mayans in European and American food culture are recorded in history.

Second, the urban economy that is ahead of its time. There are many Mayan city-states, due to the lack of information, scientists are not sure whether the city-state system or the state system, there are more than 100 city ruins found at present, so it is still unclear how many tribal branches and countries there were in the Maya at that time, but it is known that the more famous ones are Palenque, Copan, Barenca, Aslan, Tulum, Chichen Itza, etc.

This was the result of the development of the Maya economy, which was due to the high level of craftsmanship of the Maya, who would make all kinds of utensils out of clay, various tools and weapons from flint or obsidian, cloth from cotton, alloys from elements such as gold, silver, copper and tin, and process them into various utensils and ornaments.

Moreover, the market is also very developed, and there are markets in general market towns and cities, and people from all walks of life can trade in the market. The goods include cotton, honey, bee wax, flint weapons, salt, fish, and various daily necessities and foodstuffs.

Commodity trading already has a currency, and their currency is cocoa beans. There are hotels next to the market for merchants to stay, and the mutual market generally has a fixed date, just like the days of the market in the rural areas of our country, or every single and double, or three, six, nine, or every year and the festival is different.

Due to the development of the commodity economy, the Maya not only had a developed internal economy but also had extensive external trade. Its economic activities have reached as far as Colombia in South America, as well as Peru, Chile and other places.

Third, architecture and art have made great contributions to mankind. The Mayans built many magnificent halls, temples, mausoleums, and huge stone monuments out of stone. The Mayan buildings were not only imposing, but also magnificent. In the remnants of the Mayan ruins in the tropical jungles of Yucatan or Guatemala, we can still see the bright colors and beautiful patterns on the ruined walls. There are also some ancient war murals created around the 8th century A.D. in the Bonnampak site, and the characters in the paintings are in a variety of postures, each with their own moods, lifelike, and full of realistic expressiveness, which is one of the treasures of the world's famous mural art.

The Mayans often erected pillars in the city to keep notes, and the time interval was fixed, usually every 20 years, some stone pillars were erected to remember some important things. Historians can know the ins and outs of the city based on the records on the stone pillars. According to the available materials, the age of the pillar is more than 1,200 years, the earliest stone pillar was erected in 328, and the last one was erected in 1516. For example, the Mayan script, which has been deciphered, is erected on June 20, 468, which happens to be the 13th year of the Mayan calendar. The text on the pillar mainly recounts the deeds of Kanac, the 12th ruler of the city of Tikal, and his family. The inscription on the pillar also tells us that Si'an Cha'an Cavill became ruler of Tikal on 27 November 411 AD, that he died on 19 February 456 and was buried on 9 August 458. The city of Tikal was founded by a Mayan named Jax Mokshok, who was the ancestor of Kanac. After more than 100 years of rule, the Kanac family turned the city of Tikal into the most glorious city of its time.

The Mayans possessed an ability to think abstractly that dwarfed the civilizations of the Old World at the same time. They created an accurate system of mathematics and an astronomical calendar, as well as a hieroglyphic system that is still to be deciphered. The Mayans placed the greatest importance on the observation of the sun and moon, were able to calculate the time of the occurrence of solar and lunar eclipses, and had included all seven planets in their study. Their calculations of Venus's orbital cycle are in perfect agreement with modern scientific measurements. The Mayan calendar system consists of a divine calendar, a solar calendar, and a long calendar. The Maya had a unique mathematical system, in which the most advanced part of the system was the use of symbols, which was invented and used about 800 years before Europe. The applicability and scientific nature of the Mayan mathematical system allowed them to solve a variety of difficult problems in many scientific and technological activities. Among the ancient civilizations of the world, with the exception of Arabic numerals, which originated in India, Mayan numerals are considered to be the most advanced. Unfortunately, not a single book or literature on Mayan mathematics has survived. The Mayan hieroglyphs are truly a book of heaven for modern people, and its mystery remains unsolved to this day.

The Maya also have a wealth of historiography and literary literature. The Maya created thousands of books and countless stone carvings in hieroglyphs. Most of the books were burned by the Spaniards, leaving only the Almanac of Cachickel, Chiran Baran, Ur U, and The Samurai of Rabinar.

The Kachikel Almanac is a chronicle. The Cachikel and the Quicche were both powerful tribes in Guatemala at the time. The Almanac of the Kachikel is a history of wartime and relations between the two tribes.

Chiran Balan, which means "prophecy of the jaguar", is a historical document of the Mayans. Chiran Balan was the priest in charge of recording history. There are still three records of the priests' history that have survived to this day, the most complete of which is the Chiran Balan of Chumayer. The book, estimated to have been completed in the 16th century, chronicles the history of the Maya before their conquest. The other two were completed later and are incomplete.

"** Er U" is a classical poem of the Mayans, which expresses the Maya's optimistic attitude towards nature and the fate of mankind. It is also a magnum opus of myths, legends, and history about the Kiché nation. These include the myths and legends of the creation of the world and the origin of mankind, the heroic stories of the rise of the Quiché tribe, the genealogy of the Kiche rulers, all the way down to the time in which the author lived.

The Samurai of Rabinar is a historical drama about a war between the Quiché tribe and the Rabinar tribe. The story takes place around the 12th century during a conflict between the Gumarga and Rabinar tribes of the Quichhe people over control of the Samaneh tribe. It ends with the victory of the warriors of Rabinar and the sacrifice of the warriors of Kicche.

And Maya's relationship with China is also the most controversial in academic circles. In the Olmoco civilization, the mother of the Mayan civilization, a large number of jade carvings and many bone products have been unearthed, and the inscription on it is actually a Chinese oracle bone inscription. The king and the leader created the kingdom of 'hundreds of clay figurines unearthed in Mexico, the appearance of which is indistinguishable from that of the Chinese, and the clothing and ornaments are similar to those of many years before the Sui Dynasty, in Honduras there are carvings similar to those of the ancient Chinese turtle basalt, in Guatemala unearthed pre-Qin coins, and if not enough, many more......

Mayan totem worship is similar to the god Kukulkan and the jaguar god, China's dragon and tiger worship Maya worship jade, and Chinese humanities worship is completely in line with the Mayan pyramid shape, more similar to China's inverted bucket tombs, and their role is mainly to worship the sky and Chinese altars have the same magic; The Mayan script has common symbols and combinations with the Bashujin script.

Judging from the records of ancient Shu cultural relics and documents on the relationship between the Shu people and the Central Plains and the Americas, this connection is by no means a coincidence. It is entirely possible that the Yellow Emperor and his descendants married the Shu people, Shao Hao and Zhuan lived in Shu and went to the Americas together, and the ancient writing was preserved in Shu and Central America at the same time. Maya has an exhibition, while Bashu Jinwen is relatively simple. Scholars have compared the basic vocabulary of Mayan and Chinese, and many words are the same, such as "ren", "tian", and "hao", which should be separated before 5ooo years ago. Even human sacrifice ......

The Mayans sacrificed the human heart and sacrificed Chinese...... Human sacrifice is ...... There are more tricks. For example, "The Book of Rites?; "Ming Tang Position" said, "There is a Yu clan sacrifice Xia Hou clan sacrifice heart ......'. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty records that the Ba people's Wujun was a tiger totem and made the tiger drink human blood. There are thousands of human sacrifices recorded in the oracle bone inscriptions! In the Zhou Dynasty, figurines were used to replace people, and the history of the burial of the living ended. The original meaning of the word "initiator" was human sacrifice. There is nothing strange about this, any primitive people have rituals similar to human sacrifice, and in our current eyes, it can be regarded as a manifestation of uncivilized, in fact, it is just an emotional vent of the ancients.

China's Book of Han. There is a cloud in the "Legend of Dongyi": "There is a naked country in the east of the Wa Kingdom for more than 4,000 miles, and there is a black tooth country in the southeast, and the ship can be reached in a year. 'The Black Tooth is a descendant of Shaohao in Central America. The Book of Han confirms that sailing through the Americas was feasible during the Han Dynasty. Liezi. Tang Wen said: "The east of the Bohai Sea does not know that there are hundreds of millions of miles of big ravines, but there is a bottomless valley under it, and the name is called the ruins. 'The Great Gully, the Yugu Valley is in Central America. The ancients knew that in the 'east of the Bohai Sea', it means that the Chinese knew the orientation of Central America during the Warring States period. This can only be done on the basis of an understanding of the shape of the earth and a practice of navigation. It is also possible to go back a few centuries for Chinese to sail through the Americas. The "Classic of Mountains and Seas" records in many places that there were bamboo boats in the time of Shaohao, and the navigation of the Shang Dynasty more than 2,000 years later should have a material basis. Mr. Wang Dayou et al.'s "Chinese Ancestors Pioneer America" analyzes the details of the 250,000 soldiers and civilians who crossed the sea to the Americas at the end of the Yin Dynasty. Even recently, Zheng He's voyage to the West is clearly marked on the charts of the Americas, many years before Columbus.

Maya has a lot of unsolved secrets, most of them are speculation by experts now, and many things can't explain the reason, and Xiaohu's dark light ray broke through the space and entered Maya, at this time, Tang Yuxuan's encounter in Maya will be as described by the experts? Element? All kinds of sacrificial techniques? What exactly is Quetzalcoatl? ……

I believe it should be exciting!

(End of this chapter, please pay attention to the next chapter)