"Gongsun Long?"

Hearing this name, four words immediately appeared in Mingyue's mind. Pen "Fun" Pavilion www.biquge.info

"White horses are not horses!"

Lu Lingjun saw that Chang'anjun also knew that white horses were not horses, so he said: "Yes, white horses are not horses, this is exactly what Gongsun Long and other famous debaters hold. ”

Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period famously said, "If the name is not right, the word is not good." He advocated "correcting the name and upholding the right government." However, in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, etiquette collapsed, authority shifted downward, and in reality, there was a serious disconnect between "name" and "reality". For example, when the scholars used the same specifications as the Son of Heaven when entertaining guests, the doctors of the Qing Dynasty usurped power and stole the country, black turned into white, and turbidity turned into clear, such a social status quo worried many people of insight at that time.

In view of this phenomenon of discrepancy between name and reality, a school of thought has emerged that specializes in the study of the problem of "name and reality" -- famous scholars.

Lu Lingjun knows very well about these enemies of his teacher Kong: "Zheng Guo's famous scholar Deng Xishi still focuses on the debate of criminal names. But in modern times, Hui Shi, Er Shuo and others have deviated from the original intention of correcting the name and governing the government, and began to pay attention to the sophistry of the name......"

Zhuangzi's good friend, Song Ren Hui Shi can be said to be a pioneer who led the famous family astray, he not only argued with Zhuangzi about the debate of "Zi is not a fish, and the joy of knowing fish", but also put forward ten propositions that make ordinary people look incredible, such as "heaven and earth are inferior, mountains and Zeping".

Hui Shi's disciple said that he even entered the Jixia School Palace, and on the basis of Hui Shi, he raised the issue of "white horses are not horses", and no one in Jixia debaters could say anything about him.

Then, the mantle of the famous family was passed to Gongsun Long.

Seeing that Chang'anjun was interested, Lu Lingjun said: "This Gongsun Long is a scholar from Handan, and he entered the Linzi Jixia School Palace to worship his teacher and continue to study topics such as white horses and non-horses. Twenty years ago, he went to Yan Kingdom to lobby King Yan Zhao, and guessed the true intention of King Yan Zhao that although he promised to suspend his army, he would continue to attack Qi, which made King Yan Zhao speechless. ”

"So Gongsun Long became famous, and after returning to Zhao State, he was recruited by Pingyuanjun, and funded him to run a school and write books, and he became Pingyuanjun's guest of honor."

Mingyue knew that in addition to accommodating resourceful people and rangers, those ninth-rate and ten-tier university scholars were also the targets of Fengjun's recruitment. Because these scholars traveled among the nations to debate and collect books, they had a great influence, and as the lords of the money, the feudal lords could also use them to promote themselves.

For scholars who are not wealthy, they cannot support the huge expenses of walking among the nations by relying only on the restraints of their disciples. More than 200 years ago, Confucius's kind of poor wandering was too hard, and today's nine-stream and ten-class scholars, who are not with dozens or hundreds of disciples, pulling a few carts and dozens of bamboo slips to swagger through the city, enjoy the reception of the post station, and live in the best reverse journey?

Therefore, they reached a combination of scholarship and power with princes and feudal monarchs, not only can they get funding, but they can also walk sideways among the nations, not afraid of barriers, if they can accept one or two sons as disciples like Kong Chuan, it can even promote their reputation. Isn't it beautiful to be convenient with others and convenient for yourself?

While walking towards the lobby, Lu Lingjun said to Mingyue: "In the sixteenth year of the first king (283 BC), the Qin State and the Zhao State League signed a treaty and made an oath. Zhao Zhi did what he wanted, and Qin helped him. The two countries promised to assist each other. Soon, Qin Xing's troops attacked Wei, and Zhao wanted to save Wei. The king of Qin sent people to reproach the former king for not keeping the covenant, and the first king informed Pingyuan Jun of this, and Pingyuan Jun asked Gongsun Long. ”

Mingyue said: "What did Gongsun Long say? ”

"Gongsun Long's suggestion is that Zhao can also send an envoy to rebuke the king of Qin, saying that Zhao wants to rescue Wei, but Qin attacks Wei, and it is Qin who first broke the covenant."

Mingyue shook her head: "It's another method of confusing the order of names." ”

Lu Lingjun smiled: "It's not, but it's reasonable." So the first king and the king of Pingyuan were overjoyed, so they asked Gongsun Long to go to Qin as a messenger, and it was this time that he entered Qin and let Gongsun Long's name as a debater spread all over the world. ”

It turned out that at that time, there was an epidemic of horse diseases in the Taiyuan area of Zhao State, which led to the death of many horses. The Qin people were very vigilant about this, and in order to strictly prevent this plague from entering the Qin State, they posted a notice at the Hangu Pass: All Zhao horses are not allowed to enter the customs.

As the envoy of the Zhao State, Gongsun Long rode a white horse to the front of Hangu Pass. The official of the Qin State said: "You can enter the customs, but horses cannot enter the customs." Gongsun Long argued: "White horses are not horses, why can't you pass the test?" The official said, "A white horse is a horse." Gongsun Long asked rhetorically: "Is my Gongsun Long a dragon?" The customs official was stunned, but still insisted: "According to the regulations, no matter whether it is a white horse or a black horse, as long as it is a horse of Zhao State, it cannot enter the customs." ”

Gongsun Long then told the story, began to use his good skills from Jianbai, decomposed the concept of "white horse", and after a complex analysis, came to the conclusion that "white horses are not horses". The more the honest officials of the Qin State listened, the more dazed they became, and they were dizzy by Gongsun Long's high-minded talk, like falling into the clouds, and they didn't know how to answer, so they had no choice but to let Gongsun Long and Baima pass the customs.

"Since then, Gongsun Long has been known as 'white horses and non-horses', and the Mo family has refuted this theory, but after all, they can't say that these famous debaters with clever tongues can't be said."

He sighed: "This time my master and Gongsun Long have a difficult argument, but I am afraid that it will be difficult to win, although he works in the classics, but he is not very good at the art of clever argumentation. ”

Mingyue was surprised: "Then why did he come to Gongsun Long for advice?" ”

"The master has a stubborn personality and is provoked by others, thinking that Gongsun Long's famous argument is a small argument and destroys the avenue, and for the sake of the world's avenue, he must use upright Confucianism to force Gongsun Long to give up the heresy of white horses and not horses."

"This ......"

Mingyue was speechless for a moment, what is Geng, this is obviously pedantic...... Is that piercing deliberately to give Gongsun Long fame?

……

The victory of the doorman in the debate is also a way for the master to make a name for himself, so Pingyuan Jun made a big deal this time, inviting many well-known figures in Handan City to come to the mansion to watch the rebuttal between Gongsun Long and Kong Chuan.

After learning about Gongsun Long and his saying that "white horses are not horses", at the invitation of Pingyuanjun, Mingyue and Lulingjun also entered the hall.

After entering, I looked closely, and saw that this hall was quite large, the area was deep and wide, two columns of vermilion columns supported the roof, the middle was vacant, and there were more than 20 lacquer cases between the columns, and there were some syrup water and vegetables and fruits on the lacquer case, but there was no wine and big fish and meat.

However, this did not prevent him from showing off his wealth, Mingyue found that there were bronze lamps in the corners of the hall and on the side of the pillars, and they were of different shapes, or for the bronze bird lantern, or for the female figurines similar to the "Changxin Palace Lamp" kneeling and holding the lamp plate, or holding the copper lamp for the fish swallow, and so on. Those lamps and lamp trays lit candles, and the candlelight illuminated the lobby, and the beautiful maid hung her head to serve on the side, holding the incense burner, exuding a faint fragrance, presumably containing precious spices from the Chu State.

When they entered, there were already many people sitting in the hall, and when they saw their master, Pingyuanjun, bring their two sons inside, they all stood up and saluted them.

"The second and third sons sit down, you don't have to be polite."

Pingyuan Jun let them settle down in their own places, and he himself went straight to the top of the main seat, Chang'an Jun and Luling Jun were second only to him, and they sat on the right side of his head, and the seats were next to each other.

Mingyue pushed and let Lu Lingjun sit on top of him. When he lifted his wide coat and sat down, he saw a middle-aged scribe in a narrow-sleeved robe with a three-pronged beard looking at him, looking at him with a smile on his face.

"This is the chief advisor of the Plains King, Feng Ji ......"

Lu Lingjun knew that Chang'an Jun did not have many opportunities to go out to the court, and he kept emphasizing that he had forgotten many things after a serious illness, so he kindly reminded him. It can be seen that Lu Lingjun is also a frequent visitor to Pingyuan Jun's mansion, and he has a good relationship with Feng Ji.

At this moment, Pingyuanjun tapped the gold button in front of him with a white ivory chopstick, and the hall immediately fell silent, and everyone sat and waited for the master to speak.

"Brother Wang's mourning period has not passed, and my heart is sad...... Therefore, there is no wine today, and there is no dance music, and I hope that the second and third sons will not be surprised, and Zhao Sheng will not be stingy. ”

Pingyuanjun's fat face made a sad look, sighed, and everyone in the hall had to accompany him to wipe his tears.

He lamented for a while, and then smiled: "However, the wise words are better than the food, today, the leaf of Confucius, Mr. Zigao of Lu came to Handan as a guest, and wanted to consult with the famous leader, my Zhao Sheng's disciple Mr. Gongsun, please two gentlemen!" ”

Everyone was looking forward to it, but they saw two people walking out of the screen behind the hall, one on the left and one on the right, one of them was about forty, wearing an exaggerated Confucian costume in the style of Qilu, wearing a high crown of Zhangfu, and his gait was decent.

This is Confucius, the sixth grandson of Confucius, and also the teacher who taught Luling Jun poetry, books, rites, and music in the Spring and Autumn Period.

The man on the right, slightly older than Kong Chuan, is over fifty years old, wears a black scarf, has gray hair, wears a Zhao-style narrow-sleeved deep coat, and the bottom is embroidered with a galloping horse pattern. He walked with unhurried steps, a gentle smile that the beard under his chin could not cover the corners of his mouth, and a cunning in his eyes.

Lu Lingjun got up and saluted his hole piercing master, then turned his head, pointed to the one on the right and said to Mingyue.

"That's Gongsun Long!"

……

"It turns out that this is Gongsun Long, and he doesn't seem to be a guy who can talk to people well."

Mingyue nodded, only to see the two scholars meet in the center of the hall and make a gesture to each other.

"Mr. Gongsun!"

"Servant Kong!"

However, the piercing ceremony is very formal, and every action is a board and a glance, and Gongsun Long is a little casual. Pingyuan Jun and everyone present didn't think it was strange, because this is Gongsun Long's temperament, or rather, the general style of Zhao Guo, Hu clothes have been worn, vulgar etiquette or something, if you can save it, you can save it!

After the two took a look, they sat on the futon under the hall, facing each other, no more than three steps apart, both looking at each other.

Gongsun Long, who has countless debate experience, is very calm, and he doesn't speak first when he is killed, and he keeps looking at Kong Piercing with a smile.

In the end, the younger hole pierced and couldn't help it, and planned to take the lead.

Raising his wide sleeves, he arched his hand to Gongsun Long, and said: "When I was wearing it in Lu State, I have always heard of Mr. Gongsun's fame, envy Mr. Gongsun's wisdom, and Mr. Xinyue's military trip, and I have long hoped to be able to consult with Mr. It's just that I can't agree with Mr.'s view that the white horse is not a horse, so I hope you can give up this nonsense, and in this way, wear your wish to be a disciple of Mr.! ”

As soon as these words came out, everyone in the hall was shocked.

Kong didn't really want to be a disciple of Gongsun Long, this was just a modest remark that he thought he was young and treated Gongsun Long, a senior scholar.

But Mingyue secretly said that it was not good, and when there was a buzzing discussion in the hall, he turned his head and whispered to Lu Lingjun: "Brother, your master is really not good at arguing, this first sentence at the beginning is not only weak, but also extremely unscrupulous, I am afraid that Gongsun Long will catch the flaw!" ”

Before the words fell, Gongsun Long really laughed......