Chapter 40: Technical Bounty
After Dai Yan established the "Patent Law", he set up a special organization in Fengyi: the reward party. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info This organization is funded by Dai Yan himself and set up a reward for everyone in the whole world. This bounty is not meant to reward people for committing crimes, but only for technological breakthroughs.
In this era, although the productivity was improved compared with the Shang and Zhou dynasties and the Spring and Autumn Periods, in Dai Yan's view, the progress of the productive forces in this era was too slow due to the spontaneous technological accumulation of the people, and he had to use his official power to promote the development of the productive forces.
This time he decided to draw on the advanced experience of certain colonial empires. After Columbus discovered the Americas, it sparked a seafaring boom for Europeans. However, after some time, several seafaring powers found that the shipwreck problem was too serious for the seafaring powers to bear, and the biggest reason for this was that the ships could not be located in the process of crossing the ocean. To know the position of a ship on the earth, it is enough to know the latitude and longitude of the ship; Because the difference between the equator and the north pole is 90 degrees, this can be easily solved by measuring the co-angle between the surface of the ship and the sun; And the most difficult problem is to solve the problem of longitude. In order to solve this problem, the Spanish government at that time spent a lot of money to solve the problem of longitude. Because the prize money was so tempting, even the great scientist Galileo at that time was tempted and joined the crowd to solve the longitude. More than a century later, even though Spain has declined, it has not solved the problem, but it has led to the discovery of many other scientific achievements and the increase in productivity, which can be described as inadvertently inserted. The final solution to this problem is up to the British Council of Longitude. From the early 18th century, Britain set up a special longitude committee to reward the longitude problem, which was finally solved more than half a century later by a watchmaker's invention of a precise marine clock. At this time, a man named Watt applied the precise technology of the marine clock to improve the performance of the steam engine, thus successfully creating a steam engine that could be used widely, thus officially starting the industrial revolution.
In later generations, almost all modern industrial countries will spend a lot of money on scientific research, which in essence wants to improve productivity, thereby enhancing the comprehensive national strength of the whole country. Of course, this is a very good governing thinking, and of course Dai Yan will not let it go. After obtaining a large amount of money in the tea trade, he was not stingy and offered many technical rewards in one go.
Of course, most of these bounties are focused on agricultural issues. Among them, the most important ones are: to solve all the problems of large-scale wheat cultivation in Fengyi, and to reward 100 gold; compile an accurate calendar, and reward a hundred gold; Accurately predict the future weather by observing the celestial phenomena and reward 50 gold. The reason why the bounties for compiling the calendar and observing the celestial phenomena are so important is that they are so important for agricultural production.
You know, farming is really not an easy task. Dai Yan was born in the countryside in his previous life, and he also planted rice when he was a child, but he has basically not been exposed to farming since he was in college. However, as far as he can remember when he was a child, there are many steps involved in planting a rice. The first is seed selection, in which the grain harvested in previous years is selected as the seed for the next year. Then soak the seeds, let the seeds germinate; When the seeds germinate, the seeds are sprinkled on the seedbed and allowed to grow into wheat seedlings. This is just a process of getting the rice from seed to seedling, and in this process, you must pay special attention to the time when the seeds are foaming, because you have to determine whether you are planting early, medium, or late rice, and the time of soaking and germination is completely different for different rice. After the rice seedlings are fully grown, they can be transplanted, that is, the seedlings can be transplanted from the seedbed to the paddy field; After the seedlings are planted, we must also pay attention to insect prevention, waterproofing, drought prevention and fertilization; You must know that rice is very delicate, and any one of these can lead to floods, droughts, and insect plagues. Dai Yan remembers that when he was a child, there was a catastrophic flood one year, and as a result, large areas of rice fields in his hometown were flooded, and when the flood receded, either the roots of the rice in the entire rice field were soaked or the stems of the rice were gnawed by fish. However, when the rice blossoms and matures, can a good harvest be guaranteed? This is not enough. It is also necessary to rush to harvest the rice on a sunny day, and then take the rice off the straw on the threshing floor, dry it, and store it. If there is heavy rain in this process, you can really only cry. He remembers very well that one year there was no disaster in his family's rice from the selection of seedlings to the harvest, and the weather forecast at the time of harvest also said that there was no rain in this place, and the result was that a thunderstorm came at the end of the threshing floor during the threshing floor, and the year's efforts were in vain.
Things like farming, even in the era of science and technology in later generations, still rely on the sky to eat, and no one dares to pack a ticket to say that whoever farms will definitely get a bumper harvest. Today, the main food crops grown in Fengyi are millet, not wheat and rice. Dai Yan understands the state of historical development, and of course he knows that the yield per mu of wheat and rice will be higher than that of millet, and of course he will not go against the development of history. As far as the basic knowledge known to his later generations is concerned, the dividing line between the north and south of China is basically the line between the Qinling Mountains and the Huai River. Wheat is planted north of this line, rice is planted to the south, and he is not prepared to go against the common sense of nature. However, he did not know anything about wheat cultivation, and even if he knew some farming techniques that were common in later generations, it would not be of much use in this era. So he directly offered a large reward to break through the wheat planting technology.
Because the knowledge of astronomy and meteorological prediction has too great an impact on farming, in this discipline, Dai Yan made an exception to teach the disciples of the Mo family what he knew, hoping that they would be able to make a more accurate calendar. After he came to this era, he found that the calendar and knowledge of astronomy and meteorological predictions were extremely inaccurate, even in this regard, the Song Kingdom was at the forefront of all the countries under heaven. At present, the authority of the whole world on astronomy and meteorological prediction is Ji Ran, a native of Kuiqiu in the Song Kingdom, who was a great economist, astronomer and strategist in the pre-Qin era. He taught two famous students, Fan Li and Wen Chong, and his seven strategies, Gou Jian only used five of them to destroy the once powerful Wu State. However, even if he is such a good person, his understanding of astronomy and prediction of disasters are not qualified in Dai Yan's opinion. His prediction of disasters is as follows: Taiyin, at the age of three, gold will be destroyed, at the age of three the water will be destroyed, at the age of three the wood will be healthy, and at the age of three the fire will be drought. That is to say, in his prediction, based on a 12-year cycle, the harvest will only be achieved during the three years when the Moon is on Venus, and the rest of the harvest will either be flooded, withered, or mediocre. Such a prediction has neither logic nor the slightest accuracy. This is unacceptable to Dai Yan, who seeks to make agriculture precise.
So Dai Yan constructed his own model of astronomy, in which man lived on an earth called a giant sphere; The earth revolves around the sun, and the five stars of gold, wood, water, fire, and earth that people have discovered are all planets revolving around the sun, just like the earth; The moon, on the other hand, revolves around the earth, which he called a satellite; And those broomstick stars, which come to visit the Earth from time to time, he called them comets and drew their approximate orbits. The entire moons of the Sun, the Earth, the five stars of gold, wood, water, fire, earth, and the moon form a whole galaxy, which he called the solar system. And the entire solar system is a part of the brilliant Milky Way in the sky, and the whole in which it is located, Dai Yan called it the Milky Way, and these knowledge basically copied the basic knowledge he learned in later generations.
The proposal of these astronomical knowledge really gave a great shock to the Mo family, and made many disciples of the Mo family open their minds, and everyone quickly accepted this knowledge after thinking about it, and then the results they observed were completely in line with the astronomical model constructed by Dai Yan. This also made the Mo disciples' perception of Dai Yan more complicated, and even the Mo disciples who accepted logic and argumentation and thus produced rational thinking were also speculating: Is this prince of the Song Kingdom really blessed by God? Otherwise, how can we see through the hidden truth in the complex sky at a glance? Because the whole model is already fully built, the knowledge of compiling the calendar is much easier.
Dai Yan only mentioned a small part of the knowledge of meteorological prediction, such as the flow of air to form wind; Water evaporates into the sky and condenses into water droplets, ice crystals, etc., which float in the air to form clouds; When the water in the clouds is saturated, it falls, and rain or snow is formed. When the temperature is high, what falls is water droplets, that is, rain; When the temperature is low, ice crystals, or snow, fall. Under Dai Yan's strong recommendation, the Mohists established the first meteorological observatory in human history in Fengyi. It mainly observes the weather conditions of Fengyi on a daily basis. Whether it's sunny or cloudy, how strong the wind is, how much precipitation is when it rains, etc. At this time, everyone also knew the concept of temperature, and Dai Yan also wanted to invent a special thermometer to measure the temperature every day, but he couldn't solve the problem of glass for the time being, so he only used the most primitive tool for the determination of temperature: an ice bottle. That is, only the temperature can be measured above 0 degrees and below 0 degrees.
Dai Yan's behavior of attaching importance to agriculture eventually attracted a group of outstanding talents that he did not expect—farmers. The peasant family was also a fairly influential school of this era, and the leader of this school was Xu Xing. He was originally a native of Chu State, and advocated that "the sage and the people plough and eat together, and feed and rule", and opposed the behavior of getting something for nothing. Xu Xing originally led his disciples to make grass and weave mats in the Jiang and Han dynasties (the ancestor of Liu Bei, the ancestor of the weaving industry), and then he came to Teng. Teng Wengong gave him a piece of arable land for him, and as a result, the farmland was managed very well, and the peasants under him and around him benefited from it. This kind of virtuous behavior thus attracted many young people with dreams, and Chen Xiang, the apprentice of Chen Liang, the great Confucian of the Song Kingdom, and his brother Chen Xin made a special trip from the Song State to Teng State, abandoning Confucianism and worshipping under Xu Xingmen.
Xu Xing first heard that Dai Yan was also the Xuzhou Treaty advocated by him when he was the prime minister of Xuzhou. Because Fengyi and Teng are not far apart, the relationship between Song and Teng has always been relatively good, and the exchanges between the two countries are relatively close. Therefore, when Dai Yan issued a reward order in Fengyi, offering a reward for breaking through various agricultural technologies, Xu Xing quickly found out, and Xu Xing was extremely shocked by such behavior.
Because in Xu Xing's view, since the Shennong clan, there are few real virtuous monarchs in the world. At present, in the whole world, except for Teng Wengong, who is still a monarch with a good price, most of the other monarchs are "thieves of the remnants". What he values most in his heart is actually the improvement of agricultural technology. Because from his long-term practical research, it seems that only by vigorously improving agricultural technology can more low-level farmers be able to eat enough and live a good life.
And this is the ideal of him and the peasant school.