As Jia Xu said, after the whole territory of the Kingdom of France was abolished and renewed, and the whole country was cheered for freedom and equality, Munier, in the name of the Constituent Committee, explained the principles to be followed by the new constitution, and declared the need to add a declaration of rights to the new constitution. Pen ~ fun ~ pavilion www.biquge.info

In order to increase his political capital, Meunier exclaimed in the National Assembly: "A good constitution should be based on and protect human rights, it should recognize the rights of every human being under natural justice, and it should reaffirm all the principles that form the basis of society." Every article of the Constitution should be the conclusion of a principle...... The declaration should be short, understandable and clear. ”

Meunier's exaltation of human rights is in line with the general political correctness of the Kingdom of France today, and even if some politicians find it completely unnecessary, the inclusion of a declaration in front of the constitution has become the main subject of the National Constituent Assembly.

The French government needs to consolidate and establish its rights, and this declaration is undoubtedly to tell the French people that supporting the existing French government is safeguarding their own interests!

However, the progress of the discussion of this declaration has been a bit slow, and more than 10 days have passed and it has not yet been finalized, and the reason why the draft declaration has not been established for a long time is mainly because the articles on freedom of thought and respect for public religious belief have been repeatedly debated, and the representatives of the monks have insisted on the establishment of a state religion in the Kingdom of France.

The state religion is also an important measure for the Roman Church to intervene in secular power, and as long as the state religion is established, the ecclesiastical power in the Kingdom of France will no longer be a fat sheep to be slaughtered by the revolutionary government!

Naturally, this article was strongly protested by patriots, who were deeply infected by revolutionary ideas, who advocated freedom of faith and religion, but in fact wanted to completely free the Kingdom of France from the influence of the Roman Church.

The strength of the patriots in the National Constituent Assembly was ultimately greater than that of the clerical class, and the ecclesiastical forces were once again defeated in the face of the revolution.

After a great deal of discussion and revision, the declaration in front of the constitution was finally released, the full name of which is the "Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen", commonly known as the "Declaration of the Rights of Man", which declares that freedom, property, security and resistance to oppression are inalienable human rights, affirms the freedom of speech, belief, writing, and the press, and expounds the principles of separation of powers, equality before the law, and the sanctity and inviolability of private property.

This manifesto made an unspoken sentence on the evils of a privileged society and monarchy, became a death certificate for the old system, laid the foundation of a new social order, and allowed all French civilians to reap their rights, officially recognizing the significance of the red, white and blue tricolor flag for their own rights and interests!

It can be said that after the proclamation of the Declaration of Human Rights, the French government may change in the hearts of the French people, but this declaration and the red, white and blue tricolor flag will become the pillar of the French people's spiritual rights!

Lin Haoda naturally knew what the Declaration of Human Rights meant, but he knew very well that the revolutionary ideas of France had long been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and the Declaration of Human Rights only made it manifest and concretized, far from the extent that it made him fight against hundreds of thousands of French regular troops......

Lin Haoda is waiting, waiting for the last force capable of causing turmoil in the Kingdom of France to come forward, only if the Kingdom of France itself is in chaos first, the hundreds of thousands of heavily armed regular troops will not collectively point the finger at the French Foreign Legion!

After the proclamation of the Declaration of the Rights of Man at the end of August, the French government suddenly fell into an unexpected political turmoil, although the French government used the old order and the Declaration of Human Rights to quell the civil unrest and unify the provinces, but the real cause of the revolution was not solved - the financial crisis!

Neck, who had been reappointed Chancellor of the Exchequer in a triumphant atmosphere, was also at a loss, and the abolition of taxes was indeed a great pleasure, but after the removal of a large number of taxes, the already difficult financial situation of the Kingdom of France became even more serious.

The burden of the people has been lightened, but the burden of the French government has increased!

After offending a large group of local tyrants, feudal aristocrats and monks, the French government released a large number of public bonds, and until the beginning of September, the amount subscribed was less than 10%!

The common people who support the French government do not have much money to subscribe, and the rich people are waiting to see the jokes of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Neck, and are jealous that the French government has deprived them of their privileges, and as for the new capitalists, let them fill the bottomless hole of France with their own pockets, are they really stupid to be businessmen?

Under the covert boycott, the old power class, which held a large amount of social wealth, did not pay a penny, and the new bourgeoisie, for one reason or another, did not dare to do everything in its power to 'recharge' the French government......

What's more, under the dark box operation of the old forces, the national credibility of the French government is declining rapidly, and who dares to buy national public bonds?

The new Chancellor of the Exchequer, Necker, quickly lost popular support.

In addition to the country's financial disaster, the old power class also obstructed the ensuing Constituent Assembly, making it difficult to formulate the constitution of the National Constituent Assembly, and King Louis XVI was overjoyed to see this, and at the instigation of the queen, he persevered in passive resistance to the end.

He will not sign a single decree issued by the National Constituent Assembly!

King Louis XVI even openly stated: "I will never agree to deprive my monks and my nobility!" ”

King Louis XVI's move won the collective support of the old power class, and also made the representatives of the old power in the French government even more arrogant.

The National Constituent Assembly, which originally had legislative power, used the signature of King Louis XVI to vigorously attack and promote a constitution that was unfavorable to the old power classes.

As a result, after the promulgation of the Declaration of the Rights of Man, the French government was slow to come up with a concrete constitution, and the old power class tried to strengthen the rights of the king and the nobility, so that the achievements of the revolution were aborted.

In the National Constituent Assembly after the People's Revolution, the political tendency to strengthen the rights of the king and the nobility would prevail, a development that was an eye-opener for Lin Haoda......

Lin Haoda finally understood why the old power class chose the battlefield in the National Constituent Assembly......

In this political struggle, many of the original patriots turned to the king, such as Meunier, the Marquis de Lafayette, and Lallée. Tolandar and so on, patriots who originally had noble titles and fiefdoms, began a full-scale counteroffensive out of self-interest!

However, these representatives, who tended to deepen the power of the king's aristocracy, were themselves divided into two factions, led by the Marquis de Lafayette, known as the Anglophila or the royal faction, and the Marquis de Lafayette wanted to create a hereditary House of Lords appointed by the king, modeled on the English polity, which would become a bulwark for the privileged class, who advocated that the king had absolute 'veto power' and could cancel the decisions of the legislature.

The other faction, although they supported the constitutional monarchy, opposed the establishment of the upper house and the absolute veto of the king, and this faction could be regarded as the most powerful vein in the National Constituent Assembly at this time, and they were called the Constitutionalist Patriotic Party!

Excluding the differences in the upper house and the king's veto, the political interests of the two factions are similar, and the number of times of cooperation in the National Constituent Assembly is greater than the number of confrontations, which is why the National Constituent Assembly has formed a situation in which the old power class has an absolute advantage!

The Marquis de Lafayette proposed the establishment of a hereditary House of Lords in order to secure his position as prime minister, but this perverse act of restoring royal power is really too appalling, the Declaration of the Rights of Man is ahead, and the anger of the people has just been suppressed.

There are still many people in the National Constituent Assembly who understand, and the Marquis Lafayette has been filled with the desire for power, and has done everything for the establishment of the House of Lords, and as a result, in a vote of the whole National Constituent Assembly, the Marquis Lafayette and his faction were defeated, and he officially retired from the position of the first person in the National Constituent Assembly, but the position of Commander-in-Chief of the National Guard of the Marquis Lafayette is still retained.

The defeat of the royal faction completely wiped out the return of the king's autocratic power, but the constitutionalist patriots promoted the king's veto aside, a kind of limited king's veto.

However, even the shelved veto was enough for Louis XVI to vigorously thwart the implementation of the constitution in the National Constituent Assembly that was harmful to all the old power classes.

This will be the first victory of a political revolution for the dignitaries to regain control of the French government in the seesaw of the old power classes!

At the beginning of September, a number of representatives of the democratic-patriotic faction, defeated by the Constitutionalist Patriotic Party, sharply pointed out the danger of the king's veto: "A man's will should not prevail over the general will, if the king can prevent the formation of a law, his personal will will prevail over the general will, the legislative power, which represents the interests of the majority, should be independent of the executive power, and the absolute or shelved veto power is nothing more than a secret against the general will." ”

The politicians who were defeated in the National Constituent Assembly, realizing that they would be at a great disadvantage under the king's veto, and that since it was impossible to defeat the representatives of the old forces in the parliament, a people's revolution was needed to get everything back on track!

The ensuing political situation, as some shrewd politicians have pointed out, was that King Louis XVI used his veto power to make the constitution of the National Constituent Assembly completely contrary to the ideals of liberty and equality.

Launching a popular movement to force King Louis XVI to make concessions again has become the only option for the democratic patriots!