Chapter 328: Changing the Law (7)
The construction of a number of aqueducts in the Song Kingdom not only made the Song Kingdom form a huge sucker, constantly absorbing all kinds of displaced people from various countries, but also made Taoqiu, an industrial and commercial city, more and more prosperous!
Although most of these water conservancy projects are not concentrated in the vicinity of Taoqiu, Taoqiu has made a huge contribution to it, and the benefits obtained are also huge!
The first is to help Taoqiu merchants raise funds, which makes Taoqiu's various financial institutions make a lot of money!
Over the years, the influence of Taoqiu Exchange and Taoqiu Money House has continued to rise, which has also led to the rapid development of Taoqiu's financial industry. The entire Taoqiu has also given rise to numerous financial institutions. Not to mention the private bank, which is similar to the commercial bank of the later generations, because the surrounding nobles have financial management needs, and are responsible for the management of monetary funds and physical property, financial institutions similar to the trust companies of later generations also appeared in large numbers.
In addition, the prosperity of the Taoqiu Exchange and the issuance of bonds several times have led to the emergence of futures companies and government companies. For the development of the virtual economy of the financial industry, Dai Yan did not adopt a strong supportive attitude like the development of industry, but only an attitude of not suppressing it. After all, in Dai Yan's eyes, the virtual economy of the financial industry does not create wealth, and excessive development can easily hollow out the foundation of the Song Kingdom!
Water conservancy projects like those initiated by Dai Yan are projects with good returns in the eyes of many financial institutions in Taoqiu.
They even packaged these water conservancy projects into various funds with good returns and put them on the market, and they were quickly sold out! In the process, these institutions themselves, plus the Taoqiu people who bought the funds and the nobles from other places, were able to share the dividends through the water conservancy construction of the Song Kingdom!
The industry of Taoqiu has also developed greatly with the development of these projects. The construction of water conservancy projects requires not only manpower, but also a large number of tools and materials.
A large number of hoes and shovels and other tools have led to the development of the Taoqiu iron and steel industry. In order to solve the problem of soil transportation, Taoqiu's car industry has also received a large number of orders. In water conservancy construction, cement, bricks and tiles also need to be used in large quantities, which also benefits related industries!
Dai Yan can be regarded as knowing why the Celestial Empire in later generations is so keen on infrastructure construction, and is even called "infrastructure madness". Because this industry is really the best way to create wealth, create jobs, and develop the economy rapidly! And this method, if it works well, it can achieve a win-win situation!
In fact, what Dai Yan didn't know was that infrastructure construction to stimulate the economy was one of the most important ways for the country's rapid rise. For example, the United States completed the process of its rise as a great power in more than 80 years from 1830 to 1916, and during this period, it built more than 400,000 kilometers of railways! (121,000 kilometers of railways in 2015)
Of course, there is still a limit to the economic stimulus that infrastructure such as water conservancy facilities can stimulate. After all, water conservancy facilities only expand the scale of arable land, it only brings about the expansion of agriculture. The construction of infrastructure such as transportation facilities, communication facilities, and power supply facilities in later generations is a direct creation of a new industry, and the stimulation of the economy is not at all comparable to the expansion of the scale of agriculture!
With water conservancy facilities, this huge investment in infrastructure construction, the economy of the Song Kingdom is equivalent to having a huge locomotive. Driven by this locomotive, the Song Kingdom, which was originally narrow and few people, did not increase its territory, but it grew rapidly by constantly expanding its own internal space!
Of course, the construction of water conservancy facilities has only brought about an increase in cultivated land, it has only expanded the breadth of agriculture. For Dai Yan, an industry is not only breadth, but also depth!
The construction of water canals is to continuously increase the cultivated land of the Song Kingdom, and what is more important than increasing the cultivated land is to increase the output per mu of land! Dai Yan attaches great importance to this point, because in his view, the increase in cultivated land has only brought about an increase in agriculture; The increase in output per mu is a qualitative improvement, because it means the development of agricultural productivity! The development of agricultural productivity is the improvement of agriculture in depth!
After Dai Yanxing repaired water conservancy, it seemed to be beneficial to many classes, but it only violated the interests of the aristocratic class! After all, in the process of building water conservancy, a large number of landless peasants in the third estate left behind the land they had cultivated to fight for their future land, which is now owned by the aristocracy!
Even the aristocracy, in order not to let too many peasants flee, had to lower the land rent, and spent various costs to entrap the peasants. This made the nobles full of resentment towards Dai Yan, and the councilors in the left court had already directly said to the Song court: In the next few years, the grain production of the Song Kingdom will definitely drop significantly!
This is not just a threat to the aristocracy, but an exact fact! Due to the backwardness of agriculture, the nobles of the Song Kingdom had to let a large number of peasants cultivate their limited land, and now that the number of peasants is small, the grain output will naturally decline!
Dai Yan naturally couldn't tolerate the decline in grain production in the Song Kingdom. Fortunately, he now has a bureaucratic system all over the Song Kingdom, and at the same time, there are a large number of peasant bureaucrats who have mastered the advanced agricultural technology, and he can very conveniently deliver the advanced agricultural technology to the entire Song Kingdom!
And for him, the delivery of these advanced agricultural technologies to the nobles of the Song Kingdom is actually infrastructure construction in another sense! In the process of this round of technology output, it can also stimulate the development of the economy!
The agricultural miracle of Fengyi has always been amazed by the nobles of the Song Kingdom. Of course, before Dai Yan took charge of the Song Kingdom, the nobles were only amazed by this, except for a few nobles who were relatively close to Fengyi who learned some advanced experience, most of the Song nobles were not very interested in these techniques!
After all, without seeing it with their own eyes, no one really wants to really believe that such an incredible achievement can be achieved by such a young guy as Dai Yan! And most of the nobles among them are on the side of the Le family and the Huang family, and they don't have much friendship with Dai Yan himself, and it is inconvenient to ask for this kind of technology from Dai Yan!
Now it was Dai Yan's turn to take the initiative to spread agricultural technology to the nobles. In order to let these nobles see the gap between the two sides with their own eyes, in the grain harvest season of this year, he asked all the nobles from all counties of the Song Kingdom to rush to Fengyi to observe the harvest process of Fengyi with their own eyes!
Not to mention the vast farmland of the entire Fengyi, the golden wheat shocked the nobles of the Song Kingdom! And when they personally observed the harvest of wheat, they found that both the number of people who harvested grain and the output of each mu were far above the counties of the Song Kingdom!
The price of wheat itself is higher than that of corn, not to mention that the land cultivated by the farmers of Fengyi alone far exceeds that of other counties, and the vast arable land of Fengyi itself makes Fengyi far richer than other counties!
How rich is Fengyi? When the nobles from all over the Song Kingdom observed the lives of the ordinary people in Fengyi, they all fell into deep self-doubt: look at the life of the common people in Fengyi, where do we have the face to call ourselves nobles!
In Fengyi, ordinary people do not eat corn as their staple food, but all eat food made from wheat. The common people of Fengyi ate noodles, steamed buns, steamed buns and other foods, and drank new drinks such as tea, which the nobles of the Song Kingdom had never seen before, which made them envious! In addition to seeing the changes brought by Fengyi with their own eyes, the nobles of the Song Kingdom realized how foolish they were in their hometown and self-isolation!
After knowing the wealth of Fengyi and the reason why it was so rich, the nobles of the Song Kingdom no longer excluded Dai Yan from spreading advanced agricultural technology! Taught by peasant bureaucrats, these nobles sent their most competent stewards to learn, even if they did not do it themselves.
Without the intervention of the Prime Minister, they took the initiative to change most of the corn that had been cultivated for thousands of years into wheat. The backward calendar, which was originally adapted to corn, was eliminated at a very fast pace after the Prime Minister issued a new calendar!
In terms of specific agricultural technology, there are also great changes! The straight plow, which was originally pulled by two oxen and was extremely inefficient, was all replaced by a zigzag plow under the guidance of the agricultural officials! In the process of changing the plough, although the number of oxen owned by the nobles did not change, they suddenly liberated twice the number of oxen, and used a more efficient plow, which immediately increased the efficiency of plowing several times!
In addition to the use of advanced ploughs, iron agricultural tools such as sickles, shovels, hoes and other agricultural tools are also used in large quantities, and the large-scale use of these iron tools is what can really quickly increase agricultural productivity!
And in this round of tool improvement process, considering the previous act of building water conservancy, after all, it caused damage to the interests of the nobles of the Song Kingdom, and Dai Yan gave the nobles considerable profits in this process! A large number of advanced agricultural tools were sold to the aristocracy at very low prices. And in this process, Dai Yan even subsidized these new farm tools with the central government!
Such an act immediately made the nobles all over the place, as well as the pottery mound factory, which specialized in the production of excellent agricultural tools, profit at the same time! Especially in the factory of Taoqiu, in this round of stimulation, the demand for iron has increased greatly, which has directly greatly increased the production capacity of the steel industry!
Of course, as the monarch of the Song Dynasty, Dai Yan's support for agriculture is also limited. This limit is not that he provides false technology, but that he needs to control it at the source of agriculture!
After years of development, farmers have long accumulated a set of methods on how to select excellent seeds in Fengyi. Without excellent seeds, it would be a difficult task for the Song nobles to maintain a high yield in the future.
At the same time, the development of the seafaring industry led to the fact that Taoqiu was able to obtain more struvite stones. The Xiangyi plant, in the coal coking industry, is also able to obtain a small amount of crude ammonia. This allows Dai Yan to grasp phosphate and nitrogen fertilizers that have a certain yield and can increase grain production.
Dai Yan integrated the seed selection industry, and even the budding fertilizer industry, into a new organization called the Song Guo Agrochemical Institute. Dai Yan has high hopes for this new institution, hoping that it can become the top of the entire Song Dynasty's agricultural industry chain!
In fact, Dai Yan's approach is not his utopia, but completely established by him after the model of later generations! In later generations, people are keen to hype the ABCD Big Four to control the world's grain industry, but they don't know that it is not them who can really control agriculture at all, but the existence of Monsanto, Bayer, and ChemChina, which stands at the top of the agricultural industry chain!
This kind of large company can control the entire industry by monopolizing excellent seeds and core agricultural products such as agrochemicals (fertilizers, pesticides) to maintain its influence on the entire industry!
This kind of control is like Intel's monopoly on the control of the computer industry! Who can imagine the impact of a computer company suddenly not being able to get an Intel's CPU on it? In the future, the Song Agrochemical Institute will play a similar role!
If the nobles of the Song Kingdom were too different from the center in the future, Dai Yan would be able to influence the interests of the nobles in the blink of an eye through the supply of seeds and fertilizers, which are the core agricultural products. As long as the interests of the nobles are controlled, they will naturally be able to bring them to their knees!
Behind this kind of control, there is naturally a change in another sense, but it is more hidden and not easily known!