In the autumn of 1944, the Japanese army attacked Changsha and Hengyang, and then captured Guilin and Liuzhou. Then a force was divided and approached along the Guizhou-Guizhou Railway. On December 2, Libo, Sandu, Danzhai, Dushan and other county towns fell one after another, and a small group of Japanese troops also entered the thatched lawn of Duyun County. On the night of December 4, the Japanese troops retreated one after another. On December 10, all of them withdrew from the provincial border. The short period of half a month, from 26 November to 10 December, caused unprecedented disasters in southern Qiannan: how many soldiers and civilians were killed, how many women were humiliated, how many houses were burned down, how many public and private property were damaged, and how many roads and bridges were blown up. In particular, hundreds of thousands of refugees from other provinces who fled to Guizhou have been separated from their wives, their families have been destroyed, and countless have died of freezing, starvation, disease, or death. This historical event is known as the "Qiannan Incident".

In 1944, in order to extricate itself from the unfavorable situation, Japanese imperialism launched the largest offensive before the defeat of the war of aggression against China. The Japanese army gathered 500,000 troops, and from April of that year, it successively launched the Battle of Central Henan, the Battle of Changheng, and the Battle of Guiliu, and after opening up the Pinghan and Changheng lines and attacking Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Changsha, and Hengyang, the Sixth Front Army of the Japanese Invasion Army of the China Invasion Army launched an attack on the Kuomintang troops in Guilin, Liuzhou, and Nanning with 180,000 troops from Isamu Yokoyama's 11th Army and Tanaka's 23rd Army, a total of 8 divisions and 2 brigades.

The 91st Division, under the leadership of the division commander General Wang Tielin, hurriedly arrived in Dushan, Guizhou, on November 28, and quickly occupied the positions at Heishiguan, Bailapo and Jialaohe bridges, and built fortifications to prevent the enemy from attacking north along the Guizhou-Guizhou Highway, covering the concentration of friendly troops, and destroying the road between Liuzhai and Dushan. At the same time, the deployment of troops: a battalion at Heishiguan, a command post by the Jialao River Bridge, the 272nd Regiment as a reserve on Bailapo and Fenghuang Mountain, the horseshoe rock near the low pass two kilometers before Bailapo, the 271st Regiment and artillery positions on Wenjia Mountain, and the 273rd Regiment positions on Maneck Pass and Shangyingpan, and the crossfire of the two positions blocked the pass of the low pass. After that, Sun Yuanliang, the commander of the 29th Army, fled to Dushan with the defeated troops of the 97th Army, and coordinated with the commander of Wang Tielin to command the battle against Japan.

In mid-November, after the Japanese army occupied Yishan, in order to expand the results of the battle, pursue the Kuomintang, and exert pressure on the Chongqing government, while Guizhou's defense deployment was not ready, it sent troops to attack southern Guizhou, and the Japanese 11th Army issued an order on November 21 to "pursue Dushan and Bazhai", and divided its troops into three routes to invade southern Guizhou.

The main attacking force on the left was the 104th Infantry Wing (Captain Kaifuku Sanchio), the 116th Wing (Captain Otsubo Shin), the 3 squadrons of the 13th Engineer Wing (Captain Ishikawa) of the 13th Division of the Japanese 11th Army (Division Commander Akaka), and the 3 squadrons of the 19th Mountain Artillery Wing (Captain Ishihama Xun), with a total of 3-4 thousand infantry, 3-4 cavalry hundred, and six guns. On the afternoon of November 18, 1944, after the loss of Nandan, he entered Dushan. In the early morning of the 30th, the enemy crossed the provincial border and invaded Dushan County without encountering resistance from our ground troops, except for the fierce fire of 12 US planes in Liuzhai. The vanguard of the Japanese army passed through Nanzhai at 8 o'clock in the morning of the 30th and arrived at Mawei Old Street at 9 o'clock. At 21 o'clock that night, the search unit of the 91st Division of the National Army (the third battalion and the search company) made contact with the enemy's vanguard (more than 300 infantry and cavalry) attacking north along the Qiangui Highway, and a fierce battle broke out.

On the afternoon of November 30, tens of thousands of refugees faced the biting cold wind, endured hunger, and went north along the Qiangui Highway, running desperately from their subordinates in the direction of their superiors and Heishiguan. At two or three o'clock in the morning of December 1, the sky was hazy with moonlight, drifting with a misty drizzle, the cold wind was blowing, the cold air was pressing, and the gunfire was bursting in the distance, and the 91st Division stationed on the position at Heishiguan forcibly blocked the traffic. had to resign themselves to fate, some sat on the ground, and some took advantage of the darkness to take refuge in the low recess on the side of the road, so the national army and the enemy launched a shootout, the battle was tight and loose, lasting about 1 hour, the two sides also fired some shells, before dawn, the enemy army took advantage of the chaos to occupy the black stone pass. There were not many casualties among the troops on both sides, and the refugees were killed, trampled to death, jumped over rocks, and wounded abounded, and piles of corpses were of the national army, the Japanese army, and even more innocent refugees.

After the occupation of Heishi Pass, the Japanese army continued to take the 2nd Brigade of the 104th Wing as the vanguard and attacked north along the Qiangui Highway. Fleeing to the low pass in front of Bailapo, they were attacked head-on by the 271st Regiment of the 91st Division, and the enemy attacked with the main force, and our 273rd Regiment immediately carried out a flank attack on the enemy in front of the 271st Regiment's position to repel the enemy. After the arrival of enemy reinforcements in the afternoon of the same day, they continued to fiercely attack the positions of the 271st and 273rd regiments on the left and right sides of the low pass and on Baihutou Mountain. The 91st Division joined the battle with the 272nd Regiment of the reserve, and with the cooperation of US planes, the enemy offensive was frustrated. The commander of the enemy's 104th Wing, Haifu, thought that the daytime attack would not be effective, so he made a detour of the 1st Brigade of the Wing and made a detour from Liwang to Dushan. At the same time, he ordered another subsequent enemy army to invade Dushan along the railway through Choidong by his superiors. The 91st Division was cut off from wired telephone communication with the military headquarters, and in order to avoid accidents, it abandoned its position in front of Bailapo after dusk and moved to Kapu and Pengka (belonging to Pingtang County) via Yangfeng, and sent Colonel Wang Wanwei, commander of the 273rd Regiment, to lead the officers and men of the whole regiment to quickly occupy the small hills in the area from Jialaohe (10 kilometers south of the city) to Lila and Malujing (8 kilometers south of the city) with the cooperation of the training battalion of the Duyun Artillery School, covering the withdrawal of the main force of the division. That night, the weather was cold and hail, the enemy had difficulty moving, and although there were three squadrons (6 guns) of the 19th Wing of the Mountain Artillery to reinforce them, they did not dare to attack.

On the afternoon of 1 December, after the 1st Brigade of the enemy's 104th Wing was ordered to be a roundabout team, it was at Tan Zijiao that it caught the peasant Tan Zongming and three others to lead the way, and from Liwang north of Heishiguan, bypassed the defensive position of the 91st Division, Bailapo, and walked on the mountain road, passing through Biantang Mountain and Wengka respectively to Jiadi Township, where it was already dark. On the morning of the 2nd, he continued to march north, and when he invaded Dushan City, it was already half past two in the afternoon of the 2nd, and when he went to the vicinity of the railway station, he put two rows of guns and found that there were no defenders (note: at dawn on the 30th, the enemy army had not arrived, and the county garrison set fire to abandon the city and fled), so he dared to enter the city. The 1st Brigade then invaded to the north and went to the slope of the deep river to guard against the counterattack of the Nationalist army in the north.

On the morning of December 2, the enemy's 104th Wing, with the cooperation of three mountain artillery squadrons, first attacked the position of the 273rd Regiment of the Jialao River, and then made a detour with the third brigade from the west of the second brigade attack, in an attempt to encircle the Jialao River and Admiralty Slope, and was bravely counterattacked by the soldiers of the national army. As a result, the enemy army was unable to advance. Later, because the enemy had entered Dushan in a roundabout way, the 273rd Regiment and the artillery school training battalion were in a besieged situation, so they withdrew to Kapu and Duyun respectively by small road. On the evening of the same day, the temperature dropped sharply, the cold was pressing, and it began to snow in the middle of the night.

The 13th Engineer Wing of the enemy entered Dushan along the railway on the night of the 2nd, and when it occupied the vicinity of the station, it was already dawn. At dawn on the 3rd, the second brigade of the enemy's 104th Wing entered the city one after another along the Qiangui Highway, and the wing headquarters finally entered the city at noon. (At this time, the fire in Dushan City was still raging, and the Shenhe Bridge in the north of the city had been blown up by order of the U.S. military.) In addition to the dead and wounded and stationed in Shenhe, Shangdao, Shangshi, Mawei and other places, about 1,000 people were stationed in the county seat, about 200 people were stationed in Lizhou Village, 5-600 people in the city, 3-400 people in the railway station, more than 100 people in the health center, and dozens of people in Shangmaozhai. The headquarters is stationed in the south building, and Haifu 3,000 Xiong is stationed in the railway station hotel.

Because the Japanese army invaded Dushan with less than 4,000 troops, the battle line was elongated, the supplies were insufficient, it was early winter, and there was no clothing to protect against the cold, and Chiang Kai-shek had already transferred a large number of troops to gather in the areas of Guiyang and Machangping, and some Nationalist troops were threatening behind enemy lines in Guangzhou, the Japanese central command system was deeply aware of the danger of going deep alone. Therefore, on the night of the 2nd, the headquarters of the enemy's 11th Army immediately issued an order to retreat to the 3rd and 13th Infantry Divisions that had invaded southern Qiannan. At 16 o'clock on the 3rd, after receiving the retreat order of the 3rd Division, the troops of the enemy's invasion of Dushan decided to retreat from Dushan according to the following arrangements after consulting with the division's staff officer Ye Yeshan: (1) Reverse from the evening of December 4, and make all preparations before then; (2) All kinds of facilities, factories, and munitions near Dushan were blown up and burned by the sappers; (3) The ammunition depots and oil storage depots in the caves were also burned as far as possible; (4) Railways, bridges, tunnels, and communication facilities should also be destroyed and retreated. Therefore, before retreating, the enemy intensified his plunder, and went around to rape women, which caused the mouth of the cave to explode. At about 5 o'clock in the afternoon of the 4th, the enemy troops stationed in Lizhou Village searched everywhere, and there was a hole on the side of the village, named "Cave Entrance", with dozens of houses on it, which was occupied by the enemy. The enemy had taken several women captive, intending to force them into the cave to commit rape, and there were a large number of explosives that we had not taken away in the hole, and the enemy took the darkness in the cave, so he brought fire into it, but the explosives exploded when they encountered the fire, and the hole collapsed, and the stones flew for several miles, and the sound boomed for dozens of miles, killing more than 100 enemy soldiers (another said that the bombing killed 11 enemy soldiers), and dozens of residents and refugees were also killed and wounded, and the enemy was panicked and began to retreat in the night. The explosion at the entrance of the cave accelerated the retreat of the Japanese troops.

On the evening of December 4, the Japanese army began to reverse, and at the same time, set fire to the clothing, sanitation, and grain warehouses in the western part of the city, blasting and shaking the earth, and the fire gradually spread. At this time, the defenders had already left Dushan, and about 10 minutes later, the two ammunition depots in the north were blown up, and the smoke and flames soared into the sky, and the loud noise shook the ground. Subsequently, small explosions of the station's key parts, locomotives, and wagons also began. Finally, there was a big explosion at the tung oil depot and gasoline depot. After about 1 hour, the 1st Squadron (sappers) withdrew, and Dusan became a sea of fire. After the passage of friendly troops, the squadron commander's horn was used as a signal to set fire to the road, technical facilities, factories, etc. When the stone wall of the Black Stone Pass was blasted, the explosions continued one after another, and the whole mountain was burning...... The three known and newly discovered ammunition depots in the vicinity of the subordinate (Zhu Ma Wang, Ma Tong) were all blasted by three independent detachments (engineers) and equipment teams (engineers) in turn according to the instructions of the wing commander. Violent wildfires have also been caused here...... At the same time, an explosion was heard on the east side, and it was speculated that the 2nd Squadron (sapper) was blasting the key parts of the Guizhou-Guizhou Railway. According to the squadron's return to Nandan, a total of three railway bridges, two tunnels, and one station were destroyed.

On the 5th, the enemy retreated in separate ways, and burned the houses they lived in, so that there were no houses left in the whole city, from the foot of the mountain, the low pass, Tanziliwang, Heishiguan, Shangshi Street, along the way the enemy cavalry to the place, killing people and setting fires, the house into ruins. At Heishi Pass, two Chinese soldiers were tied to a tree and disemboweled, their intestines still hanging in front of them; In the inverted arch, a woman in her twenties and thirties died after being raped, without pants and with a bayonet still stuck in her vagina. It was not until the 6th that all the enemy troops withdrew from the territory of Dushan, and on the evening of the 8th, the vanguard of the First Corps of the National Army began to arrive in Dushan, and the Battle of Dushan ended in the Qiannan Incident.

The middle and east routes were the main forces of the 3rd Division of the Japanese Army, the 34th Wing and the 68th Wing, and the 6th Wing of the 3rd Division, respectively, which pursued from Sien (now Huanjiang County) in Guangxi to Libo and Sanhe (now Sandu County) through Liming Pass to Bazhai (now Danzhai County) and Duyun. On November 28, when they arrived at Jiuqian Township, they were intercepted by the peasant armed forces and fought fiercely with the Japanese army on a ten-mile long slope. That night, the enemy attacked the slate village overnight, but was also met with stubborn resistance from the peasants. At dawn, the enemy bombarded with anti-aircraft artillery shells, blowing up half of the village of Shibanzhai. After the peasants retreated to the mountains, the peasants of Shuidi resisted the Japanese army, and the whole village was destroyed. Along the way, the Japanese army passed through Gutan, Bannan, Luli, Longchang, Poshuiang and other villages, all of which were resisted by peasants. The enemy also burned down the entire village and half of Bannan. On the 29th, the enemy rushed into Sandong Township, attacked the Banli Cave of Sandong Township, after breaking the hole, the peasants panicked and ran from Liangdong to the black hole, because they passed through a cliff narrow road, there was a deep pool under the cliff, and more than 30 people drowned in the cliff when rushing to run. Although the enemy did not dare to enter the black hole again, they had already snatched up all the goods and livestock stored in the bright hole. On the 30th, the enemy invaded Sandu County from Sandong. Feng Yongsheng, the magistrate of Sandu County, burned all the military supplies stored in the three warehouses of the No. 4 Military Branch in the county with kerosene and burned the nearby houses. Feng led more than 30 members of the security police team to flee to the countryside for shelter and robbed many goods of peasants fleeing in the mountains. More than 500 houses in the Hunan Hall and Cross Street on Sandu Street were burned with kerosene by the enemy, and the rest of the unburned houses were also demolished and burned. Rape and plunder, all kinds of evil. There is a Tao Luo clan, who was gang-raped and killed by Japan. All the property and livestock in the city were taken away, and more than 800 households were left homeless. On the same day, Yang Senbu did not dare to go to Sandu, so he led the commander of the 20th Army, Yang Hancheng, and the deputy commander Xia Tong to retreat to Libo County. On December 1, the enemy of Libo Realm disturbed Dongtang and had the intention of attacking Libo County. Yang Sen learned that he quickly fled from the county seat to Zhou Qin. Chen Qichong, the magistrate of Libo County, accompanied him with public funds. On December 2, the enemy divided one group from Dong Han out of Chaoyang Township, and the other group from La handed over Shilai Township, surrounded Yongkang Township and Yang Sen's department to attack the county seat. After Yang Sen left the city, Ding Zhipan, the commander of the 26th Army, led his troops to retreat to Libo County. On the same day, the enemy of Sandu invaded Danzhai. After arriving at Danzhai, it is divided into two shares: the left strand goes to the Jijia River, and the prisoners who plan to cross the river are uniform; The right strand rushed to the Wengcheng River to cross the Ma River, and on the way pulled the peasants to carry guns and ammunition luggage, and those who could not walk were immediately shot. For example, Zhou Jiaxi in the city, who was old and frail, was beaten to death on Jiaoli Street; Another resident, Peng Jilong, did not return. At that time, more than 3,000 refugees who fled from Dushan went to Sandu Rotten Soil Township and were robbed by bandits. When they arrived in Dahe Township, five US planes suddenly dropped five bombs and bombed them, but fortunately, four of them landed in the river, and one blew up three houses on Dahe Street, injuring one peasant. Spring and Autumn Net

On the morning of December 3, the Kuomintang 26th Army retreated from Libo County, burning more than 100 houses in the county. In the afternoon, the Japanese 5th Squadron of Takebe Ichikawa and others invaded the county seat, and it was estimated that there were no less than 2,000 people. On December 4, the enemy retreated to Yongkang Township and burned more than 200 homes in Libo County. On December 5, all the enemies retreated from Danzhai to Sandu County. On the 6th, it was divided into two roads, one route was from Dujiang District, Sandu County, through Ba Street; All the way, the route passes through the Shuilong District of Sandu County to the Sandong Township of Libo County. After the two roads met, they went out of Jiarong Township and returned to Guangxi. The villages they passed through burned, killed, robbed, raped, and did all kinds of evil. Residents along the way hated it and cut it off, killing many enemies and capturing some firearms. On the 6th, when the enemy left Sandu County and went to Niuchang Township, local peasants Jiang Yuebo and others killed 10 enemies and captured a light machine gun, more than 10 rifles, and a large horse. Jiang Yuebo was also unfortunately shot and died. On the contrary, when the enemy passed through Yangliuguan in Sandong Shuigen Village, Ding Zhipan, commander of the 26th Army of the Kuomintang, also got up from Zhou Qin and went to the foot of Zalu Village in Sandong Township, which was several miles away from the enemy, but could not advance. On the same day, when the enemy retreated from Sandu to Shangjiang Street in Dujiang District, it robbed more than 8,000 catties of grain, more than 100 pigs, more than 2,000 chickens and ducks, countless goods, and burned down more than 80 houses. On the 7th, the enemy advanced to the Maotan River in Platoon Village, encountered the 26th Army of Yang Sen's troops, fought for several hours, Yang killed and wounded more than 10 people, and retreated to Xinghua Township, which belongs to Rongjiang County. The enemy then entered Ba Street. On the 8th, the enemy reached Jiuqian, and the peasants of Jiuqian Township intercepted and killed the Japanese army and dealt a heavy blow. The enemy burned the two villages of Bannan and Lankai, and fired poison gas bombs to attack the village of Cangkai, and the peasant Pan Huachen resisted poisoning and died. After the investigation, Jiuqian Township killed the enemy twice, and captured a total of 5 Japanese soldiers alive, including a platoon-level officer Jiao Teng Chonghao, who was killed by angry peasants, and captured 1 southern-style machine gun, 1 small steel cannon, 117 38-type rifles, 3 tall mules and horses in northern China, 79 sets of gas masks, Sun Banner military maps, Burmese knives and many other pieces. A total of 13 Chinese peasants were killed, 7 were wounded, and 258 houses were bombed.