Since he wants to develop chemistry, it is not realistic to rely on Bush's apprentice alone, and Hong Tao plans to cast a wider net, and it is best to train several chemical talents at one time, so that there will be a Lu Blan.

Speaking of Lu Blan, Hong Tao thought of a large number of good things, such as soda ash and chlorine. With these two substances, many compounds can be generated. Chemistry is very difficult at the beginning, but once a breakthrough in basic substances is made, a large list of compounds will come out later, which is dizzying. And the usefulness of these compounds is very large, involving almost every discipline, not to mention that chemistry is a catalyst for other disciplines, it is completely different from having it or not.

In addition to lead-acid batteries, Hong Tao also wants to make another thing, that is, glass, real colorless transparent glass. It's been ten years, and I boasted to Luo Youde in Zhenzhou Port that I could make glass products that were much more beautiful than the big cannibals, but they ran aground because there was no soda ash. Hong Tao has always been haunted by this matter, although Luo Youde has not pestered him to produce glass, but Hong Tao himself can't forgive himself.

Glass can not only make his image perfect in front of Luo Youde, but also create great economic benefits. If you can get out the glass with high transparency, blow it into various utensils, and make it into flat glass, the Jinhe Empire will have several more fist products. And Hong Tao is not interested in his own image, nor is it to make money, but the irreplaceable role of glass in chemical experiments.

If you want to play chemistry, it is unrealistic to do without glassware that is resistant to corrosion, high temperatures, easy to observe internal reactions, and cheap. Some things can be estimated, and most chemical experiments require precision, which no other material can replace glass.

We want to make colorless, transparent glass. Soda ash must be present. That is, baking soda. Sodium oxide is one of the important components of ordinary glass. It's like a skeleton of glass, enclosing sodium ions in a skeleton grid. When firing glass, sodium oxide can also reduce the viscosity of the glass solution, which is easy to dissolve, and is the primary co-solvent for making glass.

Soda ash is the best material for the introduction of sodium oxide, in addition to anhydrous miscanthus nitrate or sodium sulfate can also be replaced, but the effect is not as good as soda ash, and it is difficult to control the introduction of sodium oxide. Once the sodium oxide content is too much. Glass becomes fragile and difficult to form.

How to produce soda ash? In the 18th century, the French physician Lubland had already come up with a solution, which was to use sulfuric acid to react with table salt to produce sodium sulfate. Then the sodium sulfate, charcoal, and limestone are mixed together and heated in a closed manner, so that the sodium sulfate and charcoal react first to produce sodium sulfide and carbon monoxide. The sodium sulfide is then reacted with limestone to produce calcium carbonate and calcium sulfide.

At this time, the calcium carbonate is black, contains a lot of impurities, and is mixed with calcium sulfide. What to do? It's easy to do, put these black ashes into water, what is not dissolved by water is calcium sulfide and other impurities, calcium carbonate will be dissolved in water. These calcium carbonate solutions are then collected and concentrated. Eventually, the calcium carbonate crystallized on its own.

Is it enough to just produce soda ash? Lu Blan's classmate obviously didn't think so, and his method could be described as killing multiple birds with one stone. At the same time as the reaction with concentrated sulfuric acid and table salt. Not only sodium sulfate is produced, but also a large amount of hydrogen chloride gas is generated. What is hydrogen chloride gas? Dissolving it in water is hydrochloric acid, and the scientific name is hydrochloric acid. In this way, Hong Tao obtained a part of hydrochloric acid while preparing soda ash with concentrated sulfuric acid, which is equivalent to waste utilization, which is very cost-effective.

Is Soda ash and hydrochloride Lv Blanc satisfied? Chlorine gas is produced by heating hydrogen chloride gas and copper oxide together. Chlorine is then mixed into lime water, and the result is a very pungent white solution. People in later generations will know what it is when they smell it, it's called bleach, and after dehydration, it's bleaching powder! It can be used not only for prevention and treatment, but also for medical disinfection.

At this point, Lu Blan's classmate is still not satisfied, he is simply insatiable, and he doesn't even let go of those calcium sulfide wastes. Hydrogen sulfide is formed by reacting calcium sulfide with carbon dioxide exhaust gas, which is oxidized with oxygen and is sulfur. With this method, the Golden River Empire will no longer have to go around buying sulfur at a high price in the future, and will directly use it to prepare it industrially, not to mention the high purity, and the cost can be much lower.

Chemistry is like that, a reaction produces several substances that can't be purified naturally, and there's no such thing as waste. This year may be waste, but in many years, with the development and progress of chemical research, these waste materials may be precious raw materials.

In fact, except for soda ash, Lu Blan's classmates didn't know the reactions of waste utilization in the back, and they were all the results of later generations of chemists pondering little by little and experimenting one at a time. Fortunately, Emperor Hong unceremoniously reached out and took it, did not give a penny of patent fees, and brazenly told Bush and the three classmates he found that these were his ancestral immortal arts. Before learning these immortal arts, you must swear to be upright, otherwise the immortal arts will fail, and they will also eat the person who swore the oath.

The three people who came with Bush were all graduates of the nautical school, two of them were full graduates, and one was a Dai Peisheng, that is, he was not a full resident of the Golden River Empire, but a foreigner. Specifically, he is a native of the Great Song Dynasty, named Li Yaofu, and he just turned eighteen years old this year. His father was an official in Lin'an, the official was not big but he had a wide range of contacts, and he was the deputy director of the City Shipping Division, which was equivalent to the deputy director of the Southern Song Dynasty Capital Customs.

At the beginning, this Li Yaofu was an impostor, pretending to be the son and nephew of a Quanzhou maritime merchant to enter the navigation school, and studied as a substitute trainee of the Strait Company. But how could this little trick be hidden from Cixi's eyes, the nautical school is the future of the Jinhe Empire, and every foreign student here has to be strictly scrutinized. Soon his false identity was revealed, but after asking Li Yaofu why he had impersonated himself to attend the navigation school, Cixi reported his situation to Hong Tao.

His situation is quite special, he sneaked over by himself on a merchant ship without telling his family, and then he was killed and did not go back, and whoever dared to mention the word "home" would commit suicide by jumping into the sea. He came out with the intention of coming to the nautical school, and this Li Yaofu preferred the sea and the strange-sounding knowledge to his peers. After learning about the existence of a navigation school from a maritime merchant, he has been thinking about coming here to see and learn.

From ancient times to the present, the second generation of officials has been rich in pit daddy goods, and Li Yaofu is no exception, he secretly escaped this time to frighten his father and mother, and the family is such a lone seedling! But seeing that he was determined and was about to jump into the sea at every turn, the deputy commissioner had no choice, so he simply asked a familiar maritime merchant to get a false identity for his child, so that he could enter the navigation school. In any case, it is better to go to school than to wander the streets all day.

Hong Tao didn't expect that there would be such a person in this era, if there was no arrival of his own, this Li Yaofu would probably have to become an outcast of the times, either become a gentleman and make trouble all over the street, or be depressed for a lifetime. His thinking model is too out of step with the times, and when you see farther than everyone around you, you are often rejected by society, and there are not many people who can die well. But this Li Yaofu's fate was really good, and he ran into himself, so Hong Tao waved his pen, not only let him enter the navigation school, but also transferred from the substitute training class to the official class, and took classes with the children of the residents of the Jinhe Empire.

At that time, Hong Tao didn't think much about it, he just wanted to give this child a chance, and as for what Li Yaofu would achieve in the end, he was very optimistic. But turning around, this child actually turned to his eyes again, you say you don't believe in fate, and sometimes it's so magical.

A master, four apprentices, plus four guards and more than twenty slaves, this is the advance group of the Imperial Chemical Industry, and they will trudge through the darkness with thorns all over the ground. Compared with those chemists in history, their only advantage is that they have such a big flashlight as Hong Tao, which is still a strong light type, and it shines far away, not only can you see whether there are big potholes on the road under your feet, but also can roughly see what the distance looks like. (To be continued.) )