Chapter 185: The Schools
Even in this era of poor science, people's minds have never stopped thinking, although science has developed slowly and even stagnated, but philosophical considerations have never stopped.
Legalism is one of the earliest schools, and it is not accurate to say that it is a school, but it should be said that since the formation of human society, the rudiments of law have begun to emerge, because if human beings want to overcome nature, they must cooperate and cooperate, and if there is cooperation, there will be differences, and what should we do if there are differences? You can't just live and die if you don't agree with each other, you must always work out certain rules, such as the principle that the minority obeys the majority; For example, the patriarch made a decision, which was actually the original law.
Later, with the emergence of the state, the importance of the law became stronger and stronger, from small people to people, to countries and countries, all of which had to be constrained and governed by a common understanding.
More than 2,000 years ago, the first unified country of Daxia was established, and then the birth of the first code, called Taihe, this code has been lost, only in the legends that have been handed down have appeared a few words, for example, there are quotations taken from the Taihu in the history books: "The world pushes the king of Yu as the co-master, and the words of the king of Yu are the world's Dali."
This Taihe is obviously based on the will of King Yu as the national standard.
The Great Xia was followed by the Great Shang, which perfected the law on the basis of the etheric edict and formulated various regulations, such as the establishment of the aristocratic system and the slave system, and the distinction between what privileges the nobles enjoyed and what privileges the non-commissioned officers enjoyed.
Later, King Wu of Zhou established the Great Zhou Dynasty and continued to improve the laws of the Great Shang, such as dividing the people into classes such as scholars, farmers, and industrialists, as well as various tax systems, and establishing peasant households and military households, and the army implemented a meritorious service system.
With the development of society, the people's living standards have gradually improved, three hundred years after the establishment of the Great Zhou, in the Central Plains and the land of Wuyue such a rich area emerged many schools, they began to think about various problems of society, and systematically expounded these problems to form their own theories, the historians will be the sons of a hundred schools, different schools of thought and debate, in the history of the brilliant writing.
Among them, there is a school of thought that directly puts forward the idea and concept of the rule of law, and regards the law as a method of social rule, that is, the so-called rule of law began, this school is the prototype of Legalism, but there was no problem with the rule of the empire at that time, and not many people were interested in the new thing of governing the country according to law.
It was not until more than 200 years later that the Great Zhou Empire had begun to appear in a chaotic situation, the country was decaying, and the control over the princes was not as good as before, and even many princes who had existed for hundreds of years were replaced by new forces.
In this turbulent era, one of the most famous Legalist figures Shang Ying appeared, he emphasized the idea of "not being close to each other, not being noble and low, and breaking off the law", and named this idea Legalism, which became a major faction, Shang Ying put his Legalist in the Qin State, at that time the Qin State was only a small warlord who ruled less than ten miles, and the soldiers were only a few thousand, and the county order was a little elevated to him, but the King of Qin at that time listened to Shang Ying's method and began to rely on the Legalist governance. This allowed the Qin State to sweep through Rongdi in a very short period of time, and the territory expanded rapidly, but it only took ten years to become a great power with a territory of thousands of miles, and also laid the foundation of Great Qin.
Since then, the Legalists have become famous all over the world, but Shang Ying also offended too many nobles, and the King of Qin, who trusted him, was beheaded by the new King of Qin immediately after his death, but the tradition of governing the Qin State with Legalist theory was retained, but the content was greatly modified, and the provisions that were unfavorable to the nobles were deleted.
Until today's Yingzheng became the new lord of Qin, appointing Fan Ju as the prime minister, he is also a legalist figure, he took charge of the Great Qin after restoring the set of Shang Ying, whether it is a nobleman or a prominent family, as long as the law is broken, it must be dealt with, not to mention ordinary people, one person breaks the law and the family sits together, one person makes meritorious contributions, and the whole family is stained, so the combat power of the soldiers of Daqin is also recognized as the strongest.
Legalism is extremely important, even Liu Yuetian thinks so, because even in the era of his previous life, the operation of various organizations in the entire society is based on the law, once the law collapses, it is difficult to imagine what society will become, unless it really comes to the era of material maximization, and the education received by human beings has been able to make human beings distinguish between right and wrong without external force.
Although Legalism is important, in Liu Yuetian's view, the so-called Legalism in this era is very different from the Legalism in his heart, and the Legalism of this era is based on strictness, and completely disregards everyone's rights for the benefit of the country, which may have a miraculous effect in the short term, but in the long run, it will inevitably make the people dissatisfied, and over time it will become an undercurrent, once the country has problems, it will collapse, and it will turn into a torrent that cannot be stopped in an instant, which is tantamount to drinking water to quench thirst.
There is also the Zongheng family, this knowledge was not established for a long time, and it was more than a hundred years ago when the world was in turmoil, some people with some insight wandered between the various forces in the world, just with a sharp mouth, or to sow discord, or to play those princes and kings in the palm of their hands, especially the appearance of Zhang Yi and Su Qin made the Zongheng family famous, the role of these two is no less than a million male soldiers, even if it is Wu Wang Sun Quan, a few years ago I also saw that Sima Cuo, The other party relied on one mouth to move King Wu to sell hundreds of thousands of quintals of grain to King Qin, so that Qin State could survive the year of drought.
Liu Yuetian knew that the originator of the Zongheng family was Guiguzi, and it was he who raised the art of Zongheng to the level of a school and cultivated the three Zongheng families, Zhang Yi, Su Qin and Sima Cuo, but he himself did not regard himself as a Zongheng family, because his Zongheng art was summarized through the soldiers, and Guiguzi should be a master of soldiers.
Soldiers, as the name suggests, are the ability to lead soldiers to fight and arrange troops.
The history of the military family is longer than that of the Legalists, which is very easy to understand, where there is a crowd there is a fight, there is a fight, there is a war, there is a war naturally there is a soldier, it can be said that now those generals among the princes of the seven parties are the descendants of the soldiers.
The Great Xia Dynasty was founded for 500 years, and in the later period, the world was also in turmoil, among which there were some famous generals, such as Nu Ai and Ji Zhu, but the Xia Dynasty was only a slave country, the productivity was still very low, the population was far less than now, and the scale of the war could not be compared with today.
The Shang Dynasty was better, the woman was good, the incorruptible, and the evil, and even Jiang Shang, who was known as the ancestor of the soldiers, was also an official in the Shang Dynasty, and it was also this Jiang Shang who was the first to systematically explain the various laws of warfare, and there were many tactics for arranging troops, even today's generals, mostly by learning Jiang Shang's art of war.
The discussion among the soldiers is the relationship between attack and receiving, and the opponent's strength is weak, so it is natural to attack; If the opponent is strong, it must be defended; If we are not as good as the other party, then try to create opportunities to be stronger than the other party; If the opponent has a strong defense, you must try to spread the opponent to attack.
Liu Yuetian had read the art of war written by Jiang Shang, and the center studied these two points, which were inferior to the military books he got from Guiguzi.