Tossing a cadre of people in the imperial government to the sky, Hong Tao himself is not idle, he is nesting in Qizu's foundry these days, with a group of technomaniac assembling generators. Hong Tao likes to be with these people, and the reason is only two words, easy! All he had to do was move his mouth to explain the principle, stretch out his fingers to tell everyone what was wrong, and at most pick up a pen and draw a sketch. These people don't fight with themselves, and they will do everything they want, whether right or wrong, and they will do it 100% without complaining about anything.

Even if they fail again and again, they firmly believe that they can succeed if they try again, and Hong Tao can pass on what he knows and learn to them without any obstacles, and through their continuous experiments, he can fill in some blanks that he has not mastered and are not clear before. In fact, this is a two-way exchange, and Hong Tao can also benefit from it, especially those who only know the principle and have not really done it. If you really get the real thing out, you can immediately find the problem, and the process of solving the problem is the process of learning.

This time, Hongtao wants to make a real generator, or a single-phase DC generator, which is not the same as the situation of hydroelectric generators in later generations. The vast majority of power stations in later generations, whether hydro, thermal or wind-powered, were three-phase synchronous and asynchronous alternators, and few had single-phase generators, and even fewer were DC. The reason is simple, it's not a technical problem, it's not a cost problem, it's a demand problem.

What was the power station used for in later generations? Except in remote mountainous areas, most of them are connected to the local power grid, which is three-phase alternating current. If you want to send out single-phase direct current, you can't connect to the grid except for your own use, and it's all wasted.

This small hydroelectric power station on the Jinhe River does not have the problem of being connected to the grid, it does not need to enter any network, and it has not even thought about how to use it, so a single phase is enough. Compared with alternating current, direct current is more widely used in Jinhe country, and various electrolytic tests are basically completed by direct current, so it is more convenient to use direct current generators.

Another issue is security. Electricity is both magical and terrifying. In later generations, electricity was everywhere, and some people accidentally electrocuted themselves, and now people have never seen electric lights, let alone know what electricity is, for them, alternating current is more dangerous than direct current.

The voltage of alternating current refers to the difference to the ground, which means that if you can completely insulate the ground, then you will not do anything if you hold a wire at 380 volts with your hand. But in the current situation, there is not even rubber, who can achieve complete insulation? At this time, alternating current is a big killer, as long as you touch one, if the voltage is enough, with a snap, you and the earth will form a circuit, and this person will be finished.

The voltage of direct current refers to the difference between the positive and negative poles, that is, whether you are insulated from the ground or not, you touch a wire, regardless of the positive and negative poles, as long as the voltage is not too high, it is safe, and it is okay to stand barefoot in the river. If you want to be electrocuted by direct current, you have to touch two at the same time, or the negative electrode is grounded to form a complete circuit, and the current will pass through the body, stab, and you will hang again.

Regardless of alternating current or direct current, higher than 36 volts and 50 volts are harmful to the human body, whether it can electrocute people depends on the current intensity and whether it constitutes a closed loop. The direct current output directly from the generator is also rectified from the AC, and there are also AC harmonics in it, and there will still be a voltage to the ground. The direct current of the battery should be purer, as long as you make sure that the negative pole is not grounded, do not touch the two poles at the same time, it is relatively safer than alternating current.

In fact, in principle, the generator emits alternating current, and the DC generator only has an additional commutation ring and brush, which constitutes a commutator, also called commutator, which can convert alternating current into direct current.

Another advantage of using a DC generator is that the generator and the motor can be used together. That's right, generators and motors are the same in structure, but the principles are different, one is the principle of electromagnetic induction, and the other is the principle of the movement of energized conductors under force in a magnetic field. The former uses the right-hand law, and the latter uses the left-handed law, one is to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, and the other is to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.

However, the DC generator also has more troublesome places, its commutation ring is very demanding to make the process, to fix a small copper bar on the steel tile, not only and the steel tile to be completely insulated, but also to insulate each other. The greater the number and tighter these small copper sheets, the more the brushes will commutate on them, and the less the direct current will pulsate.

File the steel tile of the steering ring out of the groove, and then inlay a small copper sheet on it, one by one, neatly arranged, and the height must be consistent, otherwise the brush will be worn out quickly when rotating at high speed. What material is used to insulate the small copper sheet and the steel tile? This thing is not hard to find, natural mica, which is an insulating material that is resistant to high temperatures. However, if you want to peel off a piece of natural mica stone layer by layer into a thin thickness of freshness, and then press it into one, it is also a very delicate job.

Qi Zu and Wen Xiaoqi's subordinates couldn't play this part of the work, so they could only hire jewelry craftsmen. Their hands are so delicate that they do this kind of delicate work. It's just that the speed is a bit slow, a commutation ring is divided into two petals, and the four goldsmiths take turns to fight, and they have to toss for about ten days, and I don't know how long this thing can last. It is considered a consumable product along with brushes and bearings, and the specific data can only be counted when the generator is actually running.

How to install the generator on the dam, how to let the water flow impact the fan blade to rotate, how to transmit the rotation of the fan blade to the generator, how to control the speed of the water flow, how to stop the water flow, these are all problems that need to be solved.

The method used by Hongtao is called oblique strike, which is a method often used by micro-small hydroelectric generators. The impeller of this generator is called a bucket impeller, and it is like a lot of spoon heads inserted diagonally into the shaft. The entire impeller pack is fixed in a cast iron barrel unit with a water inlet in the upper part of the side and a water outlet in the lower part. The water rushes in from the inlet and impacts the bucket blades to drive the spindle to rotate, and the water that has done the work will be pressed into the outlet by the rotating bucket blades.

The generator is fixed on this cast iron barrel-shaped device, the main shaft of the two is the same, as long as the water pressure at the inlet is sufficient and the outlet is not blocked, theoretically speaking, the impeller can keep rotating, and the generator will always rotate.

This is how a diagonal generator works, it does not require a special inlet duct, it only needs to be connected to the inlet nozzle with a pipe. In principle, the larger the water inlet of this pipe, the faster the water flow speed, the higher the speed of the blade rotation, and the speed of the generator can also be controlled by controlling the water intake.

This kind of inclined generator is generally used for streams and small rivers with a relatively large drop, and the advantages are that the structure is simple, the installation is convenient, and there is no need for large dams and special generator rooms and gates and other facilities, and it is relatively easy to maintain.

However, it also has many disadvantages, first of all, it has requirements for the working environment, and the water flow rate must be large enough, otherwise it is not enough to drive the bucket water wheel to rotate. The second is that this kind of generator does not have constant voltage, and the voltage will drop if the load band is more. Finally, this kind of generator can not be unloaded, if you don't want to shut down, then you have to hang some loads to prevent the internal voltage of the generator from being burned out due to too high voltage.

At the beginning of April, the generator was installed and the first test run was done, and the result was a failure! The barrel base is not fixed horizontally enough, and there is no problem when the impeller is running at low speed, but as soon as the water intake is increased, it immediately begins to shake. Don't look at the error of a few millimeters, the entire base has to be removed, and the cement base is smashed and restarted. Preparing the frame, pouring concrete, and post-curing, the generator cannot be tested without half a month.

Although the first test failed, Hong Tao felt that this failure should be a success, because a strong current has been generated at low speed, and the electrolysis laboratory set up on the dam can already use these currents for electrolysis tests, which is much higher than the voltage and current of the original hand-cranked generator with lead-acid battery pack.

Before the shutdown, Hong Tao also did something that made many people feel cruel, he electrocuted a few rabbits, an old horse and a cow alive in front of everyone, and the two female chemistry students were scared and cried, and they looked at Hong Tao at this time with no worship in their eyes, full of resentment! In order to warn all the personnel involved in the generator test, Hong Tao also didn't care about his own image, which was better than electrocuting a few in the future.

"Xiao Qi, that's probably what it looks like, it should be said that we have succeeded, there is already a reaction in the electrolyte at low speed, and the jitter at high speed can be solved, and it can be officially run. You need to do the follow-up work yourself, and I don't have time to accompany you. It's the same steam engine you've been getting, it's a new power that allows big ships to move without sails, and to pull thousands of pounds of heavy objects around the streets without livestock. Seeing a group of mechanical, chemical, and shipbuilder craftsmen working together to study generators, Hong Tao wanted to set up a separate course, a culture, and an industry.

But he didn't have time, and in two days, Weng Xiaoyi's case would be formally heard in the Supreme Court of the Empire, along with Director Ci of the Internal Affairs Bureau. He will not only be a witness, but will also be a defendant in another charge, for abuse of power, forgery of documents, obstruction of justice and obstruction of national security. And it is all conclusive evidence, like Weng Xiaoyi, there is basically no possibility of overturning the case, because no one intends to overturn the case for him at all, except for one, himself.

(To be continued.) )