Yang Yuan, an old gentleman who was highly praised by Chen Ming, is not in Nanjing at the moment, nor in the humid south, but in Shanxi. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

This year is already eighty years old, and after the old man who is nearly ninety years old is so highly praised by Chen Ming, it can be said that he has gained fame and fortune, that is, even the future of the descendants of the family is guaranteed, and he can really rest. It's just that he didn't do it, and the energetic Yang Tui is still doing his part for the closure of mountains and forests in Shanxi.

Yang Tui, who was born in the twenty-sixth year of Kangxi, never thought about Daqingguo pills, after all, when he remembered, the crises in the early Manchu Dynasty had been almost solved by Kang Mazi, and Yang Tui, who had wandered in Shaanxi for most of his life, saw the thriving side of Daqingguo. Therefore, when the news of the Han army rose to Shaanxi, Yang Tuiwan smiled, thinking that the Chen family was just a group of fanatics, and they rebelled in this prosperous era, wouldn't it be their own grave? Don't look at the fact that they are very prosperous in attacking the city now, but they are booming and disappearing, and they are not a big deal.

But the reality always slapped Yang Tui's face fiercely, fighting again and again, and Da Qingguo failed one after another. Chen Ming's return from Jiangnan to Huguang was a golden opportunity, but the Manchu Qing failed to seize this opportunity and pulled out Nanjing in one fell swoop, which eventually caused Nantiandi to fall, and this only took three or four years. When the news reached Yangsu Garden in Sangjia Town, Xingping, Yang Tui knew that he was very wrong, and this big green fruit was in danger.

Even if the north and south dynasties in the world are opposed, the Fu Han army, whose nest is in the southwest of Henan, also takes advantage of the terrain. It is definitely a situation of revitalizing the Northern Expedition of the Han Dynasty, just like the Ming Taizu back then. Even if the Manchus were based in the north, they would not be able to take it long. As a result, the effect of the big green fruit pill was faster than Yang Tui himself expected, and the Fu Han army had an additional weapon called the fire dragon bullet, which made the magic weapon trench of the Manchu Qing Dynasty defend the city wall into a large coffin for burying people.

In just two years, the Fu Han army pursued the dead and chased the north, and took the land of Zhili.

When the men and horses of the Fu Han army entered Guanzhong from Shanxi, Yang Tui wrote to his students, and put away any resistance or anything as soon as possible. The mantis arm blocks the car and kills itself. Moreover, the Manchu Qing Dynasty was also an alien dynasty in the final analysis.

Yang Tui has set up a museum to teach in Yangsu Garden in Sangjia Town, Xingping for decades, and has learned hundreds of disciples, all over the entire Guanzhong place, which is a huge network. Although few people who can learn agriculture from Yang Tui in these years are really children from big families, they are more or less landlords. Even though their respective strengths were quite weak, their cooperation also provided great help to the Fu Han army to effectively establish local order.

If Yang Tui was twenty years younger, Chen Ming would dare to use him, but now he is really too old, almost ninety, and his two sons are dying and decrepit. Even in the 21st century, he is a half-cut person, and at present, Yang Tui is only holding the title of 'consultant', and it is his disciples and grandchildren who really do things.

The so-called 'agriculture and forestry are not separated'? Yang Tui has a lot of knowledge in silkworm farming, and is no stranger to arboriculture and animal husbandry, and has a deep research and practice. He also took into account that the Guanzhong Garden had been abandoned for a long time and the arboriculture was illegal, and he had the intention of chasing the imitation of the plain seal. Establish a "Vegetarian Garden" as a research and practice base for teaching, arboriculture, gardening and animal husbandry. Yangsu Garden was established in about the sixth to eighth year of Yongzheng. Mulberry trees and timber trees are planted around the garden, and various fruit trees, vegetables and medicinal materials are interplanted in the garden; A large well was dug in the center of the garden, and a waterwheel was installed for drought-resistant watering of the garden. There are buildings in the park, a school library, a collection of books, and a store of talents. It is also the place where Yang Tui engaged in agricultural research, experiments and academic writings.

Chen Han has not made much adjustments in agriculture at present, mainly due to the closure of mountains and forests in Shanxi, as well as wind prevention and sand control in the coming days. These are the most important things, and now the grassland has begun to grow alfalfa, as well as silage, these are the times when the children of Yangmen show their talents. Anyway, in the next twenty or thirty years, it will be difficult for anyone to cross Yangmen in China's agricultural affairs.

Holding the latest issue of "Central Plains Daily" in his hand, in a quiet courtyard in the south of Linfen [Pingyang Fucheng], Yang Yuan's face was calm.

Sitting in front of him is Yang Sicheng, the eldest grandson of Yang Yuan, who failed to study and transferred to another school halfway, and is already fifty years old this year. The Tao of agriculture is not specialized, and it is far worse than Yang Tui's proud disciples. But Yang Sicheng is one of the few people who can handle it among Yang Tui's descendants.

Yang Tui is not short of money, otherwise why would he build a 'Yangsu Garden'? Moreover, he is also a scholar himself, and Confucianism is so awesome that by the time of the Ming and Qing dynasties, all the 'writings' in the whole of China had been incorporated into himself.

Yang Tui was an agronomist, but he was a scholar before he became an agronomist; He also read after becoming an agronomist. Yang Yi studied under Li Hao, and the latter's name Chen Ming was the first time he heard of it, but this Li Hao was called the "Three Great Confucians" along with Sun Qifeng and Huang Zongxi. In the second half of his life, he lectured at Guanzhong College. Yang Tui was quite influenced by his teacher's heart and mind, especially Li Hao's emphasis on practical learning and the idea of "using things for use in the world". Later, Yang became famous as an agronomist, but for himself, agriculture was attached to Confucianism.

The children of the Yang family are all studying literature and taking the road of scientific examination, but it should be said that they don't have that talent and luck, there are dozens of descendants of Yang Yuan, and before the big green fruit pill, there is only one talent. However, this did not discourage the children of the Yang family, but continued to bury their minds in the Four Books and Five Classics, and regarded Yang Yuan's agricultural skills as miscellaneous studies.

Yang Sicheng also studied with his grandfather for more than ten years when there was no way out of the imperial examination, in order to inherit Yangsuyuan after Yang Tui left. Of course, now the 'family style' of the Yang family has changed, and the younger generation is all immersed in agriculture. The Four Books and Five Classics have been abolished, so the 'agriculture' that the new dynasty attaches great importance to and the countless materials accumulated by Yang Tui in the past few decades have become the best 'stepping stones' for them to step into the officialdom.

But now Yang Sicheng, who is nervously looking at his old man, is not annoyed by anything in the officialdom. What bothered Yang Tui was the news in the newspaper that the new dynasty had issued a decree prohibiting the circulation of non-metallic currency gold and silver in the market. In other words, from now on, things like silver ingots, gold naked, etc., will no longer be 'money'.

"Grandfather, what this new dynasty said is quite clear. Money is the general equivalent. Yang Sicheng looked at the newspaper in his hand and read: "Currency is separated from commodities and serves as a unified value expression material for all other commodities. "It's awkward, isn't it? But Yang Sicheng understands that he has gold yuan coupons in his hand and checks from the bank, and he understands the meaning of this.

Isn't that the Golden Yuan also 'money'?

Who dares to say that the Golden Yuan Coupon is not 'money'? The whole nation can drown him with a spitting star.

"Its emergence is the inevitable result of the development of commodity production and exchange." Yang Sicheng remained silent about this sentence. But he absolutely agrees with the following words: "Historically, the general equivalent has been borne by some special commodity, such as the original shells. As society progressed, gold and silver became the most suitable currencies to perform the functions of general equivalents. And when the social economy develops to a higher level, money can no longer be gold and silver precious metals. It is just a special commodity that is separated from the commodity and fixed as a general equivalent......" These words are really incomprehensible to ordinary people, but Yang Sicheng understands. An example is the golden yuan coupon in his hand.

This thing also has a cost, and it represents the gold and silver in the bank, just like the original silver bills.

"Sicheng, you said that this new dynasty suddenly issued this decree, does the Chen family want to learn from Zhu Hongwu to issue banknotes?" Yang Tui's face was silent for a while, and he finally spoke. Then Yang Si was stunned.

"Smack." Yang Sicheng was like a fool for a while, and slapped his thigh. "Yes, yes. The Chen family must have wanted to issue banknotes. "At the beginning, the officials of the Ming Dynasty were not lightly pitted by this banknote.

"Go and write a letter to your family and tell them that all the gold and silver are there. Hold your breath. Anyway, if you put it for ten or twenty years, gold will still be gold, and silver will still be silver. ”

The ancestors and grandchildren of the Yang family are all scholars, have read history books, and know how pitted the paper money was back then.

"But today's prince is different from Zhu Hongwu. I don't talk about anything else, but I just say that this economic and tax is much more relaxed than Zhu Hongwu. Not a person who doesn't know how to do it. The banknotes of the new dynasty may really be able to take a different path. ”

But when it comes down to it, do it all by doing. Although Yang Tui felt that the Chen family's banknotes would be more reliable than the old Zhu family's banknotes, and the means of gold yuan coupons, checks, and supply and marketing cooperatives were successively set off, they had no intention of going to the bank to exchange gold and silver coins with gold and silver. Now it's not the same as before, and there is a handling fee.

Yang Tui didn't want to suffer this loss.

With the passage of time, the "Central Plains Daily" from Nanjing quickly expanded to prefectures and counties across the country. In Shanxi, for example, although the newspaper exhibition here is five days later than that of Nanjing, it will arrive after all.

The new dynasty decreed that gold and silver would henceforth not be counted as money, unless it was gold or silver currency. In the eyes of many discerning people like Yang Tui, this is just a breeze before the storm, and the real power will have to wait until ......, it should be after the enthronement ceremony next year, then it should be revealed. But many people who don't have this vision think that this is Chen Han forcing them to pay the fee.

The same news could not be clearer in the eyes of Europeans such as Britain, France, and Sweden.

After all, in Europe paper money has become a regular currency.

For Europeans, as long as the Chinese can guarantee the stability of the value of paper money, they are completely acceptable.

The Europeans received an 'endless' supply of gold and silver from the Americas, and then sent it to China in a steady stream, especially silver. However, China is like the Pi Qi that they only eat and do not pull in myths and legends, whether it is Britain or France, it is difficult for them to get back the silver that flows into China.

Opium, which is strictly banned by the Chinese, is a good deal. But China's laws are too strict, and once discovered, there is no life or death. You must know that the Chinese have the world's largest intelligence and police system, in order to better understand the meaning of the word "national security", Robert, Perrier, and Pierre also specially checked the "History of the Ming", although these foreigners did not know that the "History of the Ming" in their hands has a new name in China - "Old History of the Ming", Chen Han organized manpower to begin to recompile the "History of the New Ming".

Robert They were taken aback by the Jinyiwei and the East and West Factories inside, such a strict intelligence system and such a sharp layout. If they do ship opium from India, it's going to be too difficult to get a trace out of it during the shipping and sales process. And if the matter is leaked, the punishment they have to endure can hurt the companies of both countries.

Under these circumstances, all Europeans believed that the Chinese government had enough gold and silver to cover the issue of government banknotes. So what is there to worry about?

"Will China run out of silver?" Facing Chen Hui, who was a little uneasy, Rotony smiled. "Your Majesty, this is the biggest joke in Europe."

"Since the opening of the sea route from Europe to the Americas more than 200 years ago, China has maintained a huge trade surplus for more than two centuries, and when this phenomenon will end, there is still no end in sight."

"This is a unique phenomenon in the history of Europe, in the history of Europe and the heavenly world. You must know that whether it is in Europe in the past, or in the equally huge heavenly world, in the era of gold and silver as the standard currency, no country can theoretically maintain a trade surplus for a long time. But China has become a unique presence.

In the last 200 years, the vast majority of Japan's silver production and half of the silver produced in the Americas have flowed into China. In ancient China, there was a great shortage of silver. In the Qin, Han, Sui and Tang dynasties, silver was called platinum in China, and its value was much higher than that of gold, but by the time of the Ming Dynasty, silver became the currency of China. China's huge economic interests are like a powerful suction pump, constantly absorbing the world's silver. ”

Rotony wanted to change jobs, and the big thick legs he chose at the beginning turned out to be not the emperor, this is the emperor of China, the supreme emperor in the whole of China. But Chen Hui actually wanted to give up!

He didn't understand, he didn't think that Chen Hui's health really couldn't support him to sit on the throne of the emperor, didn't the Chinese regard rights as something more important than life? That damn Tatar monk.

Rotony wants to change jobs, he is not willing to accompany an old man who has lost his rights to eat, drink and have fun in the years to come, Rotony still has a great revenge. He was very envious of Newton, although Newton's weight in Chen Ming's heart was far from being comparable to his weight in Chen Hui's heart, but Newton had a more ambitious future.

So Rotoni has to take every opportunity to show his talent.

Chen Hui was hesitant now, and when the banknote release was approaching, he wavered. And Rotony just wants to shave away his wavering and strengthen his faith. He believed that what he said would eventually reach the ears of His Royal Highness the Crown Prince.

"The economy and trade of the whole world is a single world system pattern centered on China. The earth is vast and complex, and there are too many peoples and countries to count, but it is also very simple. It's so simple that it only takes five economies to divide the world. China is the center, and there are only four regions in the world that have chronic merchandise trade deficits outside of China: the Americas, Japan, Africa, and Europe.

In the last two hundred years, the Americas and Japan have made up their trade deficits by exporting silver, while Africa has made up their trade deficits by exporting gold and slaves. As a result, all three regions are able to produce the "goods" needed elsewhere in the world economy. In contrast, Europe can hardly produce anything exportable to cover its chronic trade deficit. As a result, Europe had to survive by "running" exports from the other three trade deficit regions, from Africa to the Americas, from the Americas to Asia, and from Asia to Africa and the Americas, with Europe becoming an intermediary in the global trade network. To balance China's seemingly permanent surplus! "In the 16th and early 17th centuries, what Europeans did was arbitrage between the exchange spreads of gold and silver in Asian countries, and in certain trade dealings, especially between China and Japan.

Rotony said that the whole world except China is very sad, but there is some truth in it.

The world's silver flows to China, and China's interest surplus for more than 200 years is only the situation after the sea routes are unimpeded, and before the European voyage opens, China's foreign trade is in deficit?

Think of the Silk Road, think of Marco Polo's travels. China is a huge monster that has always devoured the world's gold and silver.

China is the center of the entire world trading system! (To be continued.) )