Batumi, the full name of the "Paris Coordinating Committee", officially the "Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls" (Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls), was secretly established in November 1949 and was headquartered in Paris. Pen % fun % Pavilion www.biquge.info

Batumi has 17 member states: the United States, Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, Canada, Greece, Turkey, Japan and Australia.

As an unofficial international organization of the developed industrial countries of the West in the field of international trade after World War II, the purpose of Batumi's existence was to restrict the export of strategic materials and advanced technologies to socialist countries. Weapons and equipment, high-tech products, and rare resources are all within the scope of control. In addition, the embargo also includes a number of nationalist countries.

In 1989, the European Community summit decided to ban arms sales to China, and "Batumi" immediately terminated its plan to relax the export of cutting-edge technology products to China.

On April 1, 1994, Batumi was officially dissolved. However, the list of embargoed items it developed was later inherited by the Wassenaar Agreement and continues to this day.

The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Good and Technologies. Although the Wassenaar Agreement provides for member states to decide on their own whether to issue export licences for sensitive products and technologies and to inform other members of the Arrangement on a voluntary basis, the Arrangement is in fact under the full control of the United States.

Like "Batumi", the "Wassenaar Agreement" also contains two control lists: one is a list of dual-use goods and technologies, covering nine categories, including advanced materials, material handling, electronic devices, computers, telecommunications and information security, sensing and lasers, navigation and avionics instruments, ships and maritime equipment, and propulsion systems; The other is the list of military products, covering a total of 22 categories of weapons, ammunition, equipment and combat platforms. China is also among the embargoed countries.

The "Wassenaar Agreement" currently has 33 member states: Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States, and 16 countries, including Argentina, Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Finland, Hungary, Ireland, New Zealand, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland, and Ukraine.

In the field of military and military industry, the greatest impact of the "Batumi" and "Wassenaar Agreement" on China is that it restricts China's military-technological exchanges with the West and the import of advanced weapons and equipment from the West.

Since 1989, when Batumi began its military embargo against China, China has been unable to obtain Western military technology and weaponry through normal channels, and all military cooperation projects with the West have been terminated.

The most representative is the Sino-US "Pearl of Peace" project.

Under sanctions, let alone military cooperation with Western countries through regular channels, it is impossible to buy even a pistol bullet.

Since this article is concerned with arms, a brief reference to the "Batumi" and the "Wassenaar Agreement" is made to illustrate some of the issues in the article.