The fourth is related to politics, which consists of two parts. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 One is the reform of administrative institutions, and the other is the reform of administrative divisions.

Let's start with the reform of the administrative structure.

When the administrative body was first established, in order to maximize his personal talents, Yang Chong had a strong personal subjective color, and appointed and appointed at will. Six ministers of industry, education, justice, navy, science and technology, and air force, as well as a general of the People's Army and a cabinet minister, were produced.

Such an administrative arrangement is inherently unreasonable. But at that time, there were not many people in the Ming Dynasty, and the territory was small, and many problems were not highlighted. But with the development of the Ming Dynasty, this administrative loophole has become more and more obvious. Problems such as disjointed powers and responsibilities, unclear functions, and overlapping institutions are becoming more and more serious. As a result, communication between various administrative organs and customs departments is inconvenient, coordination is not effective, and operation is not smooth. Work efficiency is greatly reduced.

In the end, administrative ills such as weak social management, weak administrative law enforcement, and weak public services were exposed. This has seriously hindered the effective administrative functions of the government and weakened the authority of the government, and has had a negative impact on the positive and good government image of the Ming Dynasty.

To this end, Yang Chong and the cabinet ministers invited several professionals in sociology and management to discuss the reform of administrative institutions in light of the current social environment.

This has been going on since the beginning of the year, but it's been dragging on and off. Until recently, cabinet ministers had a little time to spare. Only then did we sit together and listen to the suggestions and analyses of professionals in a down-to-earth and serious manner. and discuss the rationality.

After months of deliberation, a new plan for the reform of the administrative structure was finally launched.

The president has not changed, it is still Yang Chong. The terms of reference have not changed much, but they have been explained in more detail. The number of members of the Cabinet has been reduced to only six. Functions and powers are also divided into six departments.

The first is the Ministry of National Defense: there is a minister, who is Liu Weiguo. Responsible for the promotion of officers below the regimental level, including the regimental level. Retirement of officers below the brigade level, including brigade rank. It also has the functions of recruitment, training, and commanding operations. But the right to go to war and the right to armistice rests with the President, and ministers are appointed by the President and are subject to the President's orders. It can be regarded as consolidating the position of the president and guaranteeing the rights of the president.

Below are the commanders of the navy, the army, and the air force. In terms of status, it is a level.

At present, the commander of the navy is Zhang Xiao, and the commander of the army is concurrently served by Liu Weiguo. In the case of the Air Force, if it develops too slowly, it will be temporarily vacant.

In this, I have to mention Zhang Xiao's withdrawal. Originally, the cabinet was also very entangled, who should be the minister. After all, Zhang Xiao and Liu Weiguo both performed well. But Zhang Xiao took the initiative to let Zhang Yang bring back news from Nanyang, saying that he only wanted to lead troops to fight and didn't want to go back to the cabinet for a meeting.

So take the opportunity of this reform to take the initiative to ask for the removal of your own minister!

In fact, it is not surprising that Zhang Xiao has this idea. Because when he was still in Mingjing City, he met a cabinet meeting, and he was either late or didn't come directly. Even if I came, I was on pins and needles, always asking when I would be able to finish the meeting.

Yang Chong also said him several times for this. Unfortunately, it didn't have much effect.

Now that Zhang Xiao has mentioned this, the cabinet will follow his wishes and let him lead the navy wholeheartedly, cut waves for the Ming Dynasty, and expand the territory. However, the burden of the shipyard cannot be shaken off. After all, no one is more proficient than him when it comes to ships.

Moreover, in order to compensate him, the cabinet also deliberately raised his honorary level to the ministerial level. Although he is on official business, he still has to listen to Liu Weiguo. But outside of official business, he and Liu Weiguo are on an equal footing.

Then there is the Ministry of the Interior, which is in charge of industry, agriculture, transportation, and the daily necessities of the army, which are closely related to the lives of the people. It consists of different divisional institutions such as the Department of Industry, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Logistics, and the Department of Transportation. The post of minister was held by Mu Chun, the former Minister of Industry.

This is followed by the Ministry of Finance, which is mainly responsible for commerce, including domestic economic regulation, foreign trade, tax statistics... It has permanent institutions such as the Economic Department, the Trade Department, and the Taxation Department. However, the choice of this minister was succeeded by the former director of the Economic Department. The Minister of Science and Technology, Yuan Shishen, was really limited in energy, so he took the initiative to resign as the minister and serve as the president of the Daming Academy of Science, devoting himself to research and seeking technological breakthroughs.

Like Zhang Xiao, the cabinet also gave him the treatment of honorary ministers. If you want to, you can always get into the decision-making level.

Then there is the Ministry of Justice: it is responsible for matters related to the administration of justice. Institutions such as the Labor Camp, the Police Department, and the Discipline Inspection Department are all under its name. Gao Ming was the Minister of Justice, and he still is. Of these many departments, the Ministry of Justice is one of the few that has changed very little.

Then there is the Ministry of Political Affairs: responsible for the promotion, appointment and dismissal of officials below the provincial governor level in all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, excluding provincial governors. It also manages performance appraisals, statistics, and religious matters. It is also responsible for the military, political, and civil powers of various overseas territories. It consists of the Audit Department, the Statistics Department, the Religion Department and other institutions.

The minister is Nan Feng, the former cabinet minister. This also clarified Nanfeng's position, so that he still has a place in the cabinet even if he is not in the cabinet.

When discussing the position of this department, Zuo Peng still had objections. But Yang Chong and other ministers clearly agreed. With the rule that the minority obeys the majority, Zuo Peng has nothing to say.

Finally, the Ministry of Education is responsible for the nationality level examination, domestic knowledge education, foreign communication and exchange, political and political propaganda, cultural development and dissemination, etc. It consists of the Department of Immigration, the Department of State Education, the Department of Foreign Affairs, the Department of Political Propaganda, and the Department of Culture and Communication.

The minister is still Zuo Peng.

However, these reforms still do not mention the election method and term of office of the president. Let some people who are interested in rights disappointed.

Let's talk about the reform of administrative divisions.

In this regard, the pattern of nine provinces, two cities, and one military region has basically remained unchanged, except that the name of the Nanyang Military Region has been changed to Nanyang Overseas Territory. It is also clearly stated that in the future, newly incorporated territories must first become overseas territories, and then provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the cabinet. It's a kind of transition.

So the change is very small. It is more to supplement and explain the level of administrative divisions.

For example, provinces and municipalities directly under the Central Government are divided into four levels: provinces (municipalities directly under the Central Government), cities (prefecture-level cities), counties (county-level cities or districts), and townships. For example, Pingshui Township, Hehuan County, Wanghua City, Xinhua Province, corresponds to it.

Overseas consulates are divided into four levels: collar, town, city and township. The status of the leader is higher than that of the province, the status of the town is higher than that of the prefecture-level city, the status of the city is higher than that of the county-level city, and the status of the township is not much different. For example, Nanyang Overseas Lingjinshan Town, Singapore Township, Xinshan City, corresponds to these four levels.

The Ming Dynasty carried out administrative reorganization at this time, and also wanted to try its best to improve the functions of the government before the outbreak of the Nanyang War. In order to be in full swing, we will prepare for the war in an all-round way, actively meet the war, and support the long-term war.

It's just that the majority of the people are not enthusiastic about political affairs. After all, it is difficult to participate in administrative affairs without reaching the level of citizens. The relationship with them doesn't seem to be big.

So they are more concerned about the army rebuilding in the back. (To be continued.) )