243 measuring tools
On the day of the establishment of the Lee Arsenal. Shang Wen immediately issued a request for proposals.
The tender provides for several types of standard weapons.
The specific requirements are that the caliber of the rifle is fixed at two calibers: point five and point six. The musket is reliable to use and simple to maintain. Parts can be used interchangeably. It can fire all kinds of bullets, and the effective distance of shooting is specified, with a minimum of fifty paces.
The main reason why the firing distance is so close is that at this time, rifled guns can barely be produced, but the cost is relatively expensive. So, basically not considered.
The musket required two models, one for infantry use. The other was the short-barreled musket used by the cavalry. Wang Jian called it a carbine, so this gun had a fixed name before it was finalized.
Bidding requirements, good quality and low price are preferred. The amount is one million. Delivery time.
The specifications of the artillery were horse guns of 10 times 4 inch caliber and 12 times 5 inch caliber infantry guns. The types of shells can be produced according to the above standards.
For gun mounts, special requirements were made, and iron gun mounts were used, especially horse guns, which had to be used. Infantry guns can be temporarily made of wood, but the overall weight must be light. Specifics. Refer to the current equipment requirements of the Qin army.
Requests for proposals were quickly distributed to five manufacturers. These five companies will have to compete fiercely to get the final order. These orders will greatly ensure that the weapons and equipment are in place in the fastest time.
As for how to operate later, Shang Wen has no time to take care of it, Shang Wen still has an important job, that is, to make a large number of surveying and mapping tools. This time the battle is all in an unfamiliar area, and the map becomes extremely important.
However, at present, the maps used by the Qin State, and even the whole of China, are very non-standard. Neither the warp nor the weft lines are spoken, and there is no scale. Directional indicators. Wait a minute. None of these, so to speak, these maps. It's just terrible. If the army can barely use it, then it will be a disaster for the navy and air force.
If the navy is to go out of the lake and into the ocean, the development of surveying and mapping technology has become very urgent. How to use the compass. Shang Wen needs to compile a special brochure to introduce it. Shang Wen is in the process of writing a manuscript, and there are some tools that must be made.
These tools include: Flat panel, theodolite, level. As for the measurement method, it will require a lot of mathematical knowledge, and Shang Wen thinks that this will soon be the case. Because of the rapid development of Qin's artillery, a particularly simple ruler was the use of triangulation and mapping techniques. Calculate the distance. Such a short answer to the calculation. Sooner or later, a large number of math enthusiasts will accumulate. These are the foundations of the development of mathematics, and only the application will have disciplinary independence.
On the basis of the above instruments, Shangwen began to integrate telescope technology. But now there is a fatal flaw in the technology of drawing, especially for sea navigation. That's the clock. Some measuring instruments take time to be used as a ruler, especially for navigation. In the Age of Discovery, in order to ensure the safety and reliability of navigation, many countries have successively studied the method of measuring latitude and longitude at sea to determine the position of ships. The determination of latitude and longitude, especially the method of determining longitude, was not satisfactorily solved until the invention of the clock in the 18th century.
And now, the problem of time is not prominent, mainly because industrial civilization has just begun. Just keep going. Sooner or later, the clock will work out.
The flat plate instrument is a traditional instrument for field fragment measurement, which can simultaneously determine the plane position of the ground point and the height difference between the points. When measuring with a flat plate instrument, the horizontal angle is measured by the graphical method, and the horizontal distance of the straight line can be measured directly or measured by line-of-sight. In addition, when necessary, a supplementary measuring station can also be added with a flat panel instrument to make up for the lack of the number of root points determined by the analytical method. Because the flat panel measurement has the characteristics of graphically determining the plane position of the ground point, it is also called diagrammatic measurement.
The flat panel instrument is divided into a large flat panel instrument and a small flat plate instrument.
Large plate instrument, is the main instrument of plate instrument measurement, by the plate plate, collimator, base and frame compass, point and independent level and other accessories, small plate instrument, mainly used for fragment mapping, by the small plate, inclinometer collimator, base and frame compass, point device and independent level and other accessories, can be used alone, but usually with theodolite and only used for aiming direction line, alone also need to be equipped with a benchmark, a card, a tape measure or a steel ruler.
These instruments have a variety of uses, and if they were introduced to those Qin soldiers, they would probably take a long lesson, and even if they were willing to listen to them, Shang Wen would not have time to talk about them, and they would all be distributed in the new form of pamphlets.
Theodolite, an instrument for measuring horizontal and vertical angles. It is designed according to the principle of goniometry. The main components are, telescope brake spiral, telescope, telescope micro-motion spiral, horizontal braking, horizontal micro-motion spiral, foot helix, optical sight, objective lens focusing, eyepiece focusing, dial reading microscope focusing, vertical disc index tube level micro-motion spiral, optical centering device, base round level, instrument base, vertical dial, vertical dial illuminator, illumination tube level, horizontal dial position change handwheel, etc.
Just from the number of instruments, as well as the production process, you can see the degree of precision. But now, even if they do, they can't be used, because it takes at least two years to create a map of a large area. Now that the war is at hand, it is impossible to accomplish. But the significance is long-term, not immediate.
With accurate maps, artillery will shoot more accurately, and navigation will develop on a large scale. Aviation will grow by leaps and bounds.
Do it all. Shangwen requires a large number of printed drafts. Compiled into a number of booklets. These pamphlets are the textbooks for surveying and mapping.
Just as Shangwen was printing the textbook, an unexpected thing happened.
Extremely serious fights took place in the three newly established military academies. The reason is the system of competition between the branches of the military advocated by Shang Wen. Competition between the services is the most effective way to maintain viability. But it's also the most over-the-top. Because, for the sake of some struggles, the branches of the military will inevitably tear each other down. Or is it overlapping competition, resulting in Lang fees.
And the reason for this fight was simply for the sake of military uniforms.
The Heavenly Army was led by Shang Wen. Under the leadership of Shang Wen, the Heavenly Army is inevitably a little arrogant, first of all, the Heavenly Army has its own military band. Then there is a uniform of its own. The newly independent navy still wears the traditional Qin army costume raised by Hou Niang, and the independent army also wears the same clothes. So. After a few parachute jumps, the Celestial Army began to feel that they were very remarkable, and their crisp uniforms felt superior to their companions.
The army is the big brother, of course, he was not convinced, and pulled the newly established navy to beat the heavenly army together. The Heavenly Army is the pride of the sky, and the number is small, and the number of land fights is not advantageous at all, although they were all from the ground forces of the Qin Army before. Fights are unambiguous.