Chapter 103: The First Piece of Paper
After that high-level "court meeting", Chen Jian tried to let go of everyone to deal with some simple things, and began to gradually let go of some rights and responsibilities. There is no need to worry about this www.biquge.info Xia Guo is a chaotic system, not a pure-blooded clan within five generations, and there are a large number of fugitive slaves, as well as a bunch of former slaves, except for him, no one can convince Xia Guodu.
He had to prepare not only for the paper-making workshop, but also for the systematic training of a group of simple blacksmiths, and later the loom with the addition of foot lifts, all of which needed to be made little by little, and he could only keep an eye on it.
Except for the blacksmith, the other two things are not difficult. It is very difficult to make a paper workshop that is flexible and strong and white as snow, but it is much easier to make it easy to write easily. And women can also do pulp fishing, and there is no shortage of manpower.
There is no technical difficulty in the pedal lifting loom, just a matter of thinking, the original manual odd and even weft separation into pedals, can increase the weaving efficiency by two times, and by the way, the grate can also make the woven cloth more strong and dense. This has already appeared in the Spring and Autumn period of the previous life, and it does not require too many mechanical principles.
As for the blacksmith industry, it can be regarded as starting from scratch, and the iron-smelting workshop was built long enough, but the line of thought is completely opposite to the normal historical thinking: in history, the crucible wrought iron was first forged and then forged, and then the forging and annealing were made; Chen Jian first took a shortcut to get the annealed malleable cast iron, and then pondered the use of blacksmiths to forge wrought iron.
Thanks to the increasingly mature fuel heating, the casting level of the Chinese people is quite good, especially the casting of copper. But the level of forging and hammering is miserable, and there is hardly a qualified blacksmith who can forge.
Among the gifts he had prepared for the various cities was a bronze musket, which he had actually lifted them. That is, a cast copper pipe is plugged at the back, and there is no bolt to close the air, but a breathable copper pipe directly poured.
Heavy, of different calibers, unable to aim, not even an arquebus, and replacing copper with bamboo is a standard assault rifle - stuffing gunpowder into the bamboo, and picking out a small eye in the back to ignite the same effect.
It has no actual combat value, but it can give an inspiration to the smelters and the leaders of the various clans: there is another thing that may replace the bow and arrow, and the original gunpowder may also replace the power to pull the bowstring.
This thing is useless for the army of the Xia Kingdom, but it still has a lot of weight as a gift, and the leaders of the Chengyi clan like weapons, and this thing can be regarded as a weapon to some extent.
It is very possible to leave behind the simplest gunpowder army before death, wrought iron forged and coiled iron barrels, and high-hardness four-stun scrapers, these things can be made by manual time at the cost of manpower.
Moreover, there was no heavy armor in the various cities, and there were no shock cavalry, so the line of spearmen could be relatively thinner, the arquebus troops could be appropriately more, and the barrel did not need to be too long and did not require too much firing distance, and a shorter barrel meant a simpler method of making and a shorter cycle.
The matter of improvement is left to future generations, and nothing can only be done when all conditions are ripe, and it will never mature if you don't do it.
As for the cannon, it's a little simpler. If you use bronze or brass, regardless of the cost, you can cast it directly. This is different from the situation at the end of the Ming Dynasty, the reason why the cannon cast in the late Ming Dynasty is so difficult is because it is either a city defense, or a regiment-level operation, with a large caliber and a weight of thousands of catties, and it is indeed very difficult to do.
The situation is different, so there is no need to be rigid.
For today's Xia Kingdom, a small cannon that can move with the infantry is sufficient, that is, a large-caliber copper musket. Soon after the advent of gunpowder, it was combined with copper and iron, and all kinds of strange cannons in the style of flares, bowls, and popcorn pumps appeared, and it was this ridiculous attempt that allowed artillery to continue to advance.
Two or three catties of shells, six or seven centimeters of caliber, the whole cannon is four or five hundred catties, four or five people with a bundle of rope can be carried up and run or pulled by horses, the firing range is estimated to be two or three hundred meters, but for this era it is enough - the enemy can not deal with chariots and cavalry without a formation, and he likes solid bullets in a formation, and two or three hundred meters is already outside the range of bows and arrows.
As for the kind of cannon above a thousand catties, it is meaningless at this time when three or five thousand people can decide the fate of the race, and it cannot be made in a short time. And four or five hundred pounds of cannon ...... The weight of one Simu Wuding can be cast four. As for the bombing, it is a little sad that I don't blow up the chamber and wait until others have finished blowing it up and then learn to come back, how can there be such a thing as an immortal.
Today, copper production far exceeds the demand for minting because of the small population. The spears of weapons and the like are made of cast iron, the agricultural tools are also iron, the number of copper short swords is not much, the cost of making cannons is still expensive but not unbearable, and the number does not need to be too much.
Making cannons, guns, and even paper, writing, history, and legends are meaningless and wasteful to the Xia Kingdom in the 36th year of the Chinese calendar, but it is of great significance to want to continue the Chinese calendar for a thousand years in later generations.
For this reason, after Chen Jian gave up some of his rights and the right to deal with everyday things, he devoted himself to the mold-making work of the smelting workshop, and as for the papermaking workshop, he only occasionally explained it in a general way. He still has some time to go until the summer harvest is completed in June.
The paper-making workshop is now in rough shape, with a new hydraulic hammer and woven bamboo mats for picking up the pulp, and a drying room ready for early completion.
From the beginning of soaking in winter to the present, all kinds of plants and hemp have been faded, and impurities have been basically removed.
A few days ago, Li He had already led people to put these messy ingredients into a large pot and steam, adding lime water or natural soda to remove the gum in the wood and grass.
It needs to be steamed for many days, and then washed with water after cooking, and then steamed again after washing off those impurities, and finally mashed with a small hydraulic hammer or stone mortar.
In the case of stone mortars, there was also a simple machine, a wooden lever seesaw, with a hammer used to smash raw materials at one end and a person standing at the other. The person stood on it with one leg, moved a little like a crutch, and the other end of the lever fell with its own gravity, smashing the materials - this thing was not designed by Jian Chen, which was very gratifying.
After pounding, the materials are completely sticky, and with a little force, they can be made like paste, and then the raw pulp of the paper is poured into a pool dug near the lake.
When the water mixed with the pulp is scooped up with the previously woven bamboo curtain, the water will be exposed from the bamboo curtain, and the pulp raw materials will stick to each other and will not leak out, so it will condense into a layer underneath.
This is where the most critical place is and the only place where a number of craftsmen are needed. If it's too thick, the paper will be thick; If it's too thin, the paper will be thin and fragile. Women can also do the fishing process, so Chen Jian used women and a small number of men.
After wasting a lot of pulp and finally mastering how much to fish, I turned the bamboo curtain over, and a piece of freshly formed paper fell on the wooden board. After laying them out layer by layer, they are then placed on top of wooden planks and pressed with heavy objects such as stones to squeeze out the moisture inside.
After squeezing the water, the paper is carefully torn off little by little and hung on the wall of the drying room, which is hollow and dried by a fire inside.
When the first batch of molded paper was made, it was already the end of May, it was very rough and the color was a little yellowish, but because of the sufficient soaking and long period, the color was still slightly white. Chen Jian once thought that if he tried to use a clay pipe to inject burning sulfur into the pulp to produce sulfur dioxide, he did not try because it would increase the cost.
This was a major event that he had instructed him in advance, so Li He carefully took the paper that looked fragile, sandwiched it with a wooden board, and went over the protection of the two layers of personal guards to the newly built foundry to tell Chen Jian the good news.
After entering, I heard the sound of clanging iron in the distance, and a group of people smashed the precious iron that could be exchanged for many things, and slammed it with a sledgehammer in groups of two, apparently just practicing the iron after it was burned red, and then rolled up and smashed again, and so on.
In the distance, Li saw that Chen Jian was naked, it was already June, and it was already hot, coupled with various small stoves and leather stoves nearby, it was even more incredibly hot here.
Several people were drinking water there, some people were adding salt to the water, and from a distance, Li He could hear Chen Jian shouting something there.
"We have to change this mold again, I thought about it, the back is a little thicker, because the gunpowder is blown up in the back, and the thicker ones are not easy to be blown up. This is not good, this is for our own use, not as a gift, we have to do it better. ”
"After the male mold is done, apply a layer of beeswax on the outside, and then mold the outer mold out of the beeswax with clay little by little, bake it to separate the inside and outside, and it should be almost the same when the core is buckled. It's just that you can only wait for the clay to dry a little bit, don't worry, it will take two or three months. ”
Li Heyi took a look and found that there were several departments directly under the leader who were called "buds" before, and they were the best craftsmen in the entire Xia Kingdom system, and they had seen it when Chen Jian led them to see Liuli.
The men were holding a step-long piece of wood with some straw twine tightly wrapped around it, which looked already thick, and a few others were carefully applying some clay mud to it, which looked like it was going to wait until it was dry.
The clay-covered wooden straw rope looked strange and thin, and there were a few similar things that had been dried in several layers not far away.
Nearby there was a clay cylindrical clay pillar about one step long, about two inches long, which had been thoroughly dried, and on which there was a large sturdy clay cap, which seemed to be about to be fastened to something, with carefully carved cuts.
Li He thought that this was obviously the mold of something, and after it was cast, it should be the kind of strange appearance that was wrapped with straw rope and clay in front and thick in the back, but the inside was hollow, because the clay cylinder was obviously buckled in it as a core.
After a few more glances, he felt that he couldn't understand a little, so he quietly walked to Jian Chen's side and carefully handed the yellowed and rough piece of paper that could see sawdust into Jian Chen's hand.
Even if Jian Chen had been mentally prepared, he knew that the paper should be available in the next few days.
But when this yellowed and rough piece of paper appeared in front of him, he was still stunned, he didn't dare to ask for more, and carefully pinched the paper in his hand, full of emotion.