Confucius is a famous Chinese educator, thinker, is China from the Han Dynasty to respect the sage, to the Han Emperor Wu deposed the hundred schools, the beginning of Confucianism, Confucian children headed by Gongsun Hong, I hope to make Confucius Shuo even the emperor to bow down to the respected figures, but at that time although Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty reused Gongsun Hong, but the implementation of the Legalist technique dressed in the skin of Confucianism, therefore, Gongsun Hong's proposition was not realized, until the Han Wu Emperor's great-great-grandson Han Yuan Emperor period, Confucianism began to dominate the Chinese court, to the Han Ping Emperor period, The rulers of the Central Plains Dynasty began to give Confucius titles:

The first year of Emperor Ping of the Han Dynasty (the first year of the Common Era): "Praise the Duke of Xuanni". This is Confucius' first title, "Baocheng" is the name www.biquge.info of the country, "Xuanni" is the nickname, and "Gong" is the title. The descendants of Confucius were therefore also named "Praise Cheng Hou".

The Eastern Han Dynasty and the fourth year of Emperor Yongyuan (92 AD): "Praise the Marquis". "Baocheng" is the name of the country, and "Hou" is the title. At that time, the "treatment" of "Baocheng Hou" was to give 800 households of food.

In the sixteenth year of Emperor Taihe of Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty (492 AD): "Wen Sheng's father". "Wensheng" is an honorific title, and "Nun Father" is an honorific title - Confucius is Zhongni, so it is called.

In the second year of Emperor Jing of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (580 AD): "Duke of Zou Guo". "Zou" is the name of the country, and "Gong" is the title.

The first year of Emperor Wen of Sui (581 AD): "Ancestor and Nun" and "Xuanni". The "Xuan" here is the nickname.

In the second year of Zhenguan of Taizong of Tang Dynasty (628 AD): "Xiansheng". "Teacher" and "Saint" are both honorific titles.

In the eleventh year of Zhenguan of Taizong of the Tang Dynasty (637 AD): "Xuanfu". "Xuan" is a nickname, and "father" is a good name.

The first year of Tang Gaozong's Qianfeng (666 AD): "Taishi". "Taishi" is the official position, the Western Zhou Dynasty, as the minister of the auxiliary monarch, the cause of the past dynasties, with the Taishi, Taifu, and Taibao as the "three dukes", most of them are important ministers, as the highest honor to show grace, and there is no real position.

Wu Zetian granted the first year (690 AD): "Longdao Gong". "Longdao" is a title, and "Gong" is a title.

In the twenty-seventh year of the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (739 Yuan AD): "King Wenxuan". "Wenxuan" is the nickname, and "Wang" is the title. This "king" is not the king of the princes of later generations, but the "king" of Zhou Tianzi's "martial king" and "Cheng Wang".

In the second year of Guangshun (952 AD), Taizu of the Later Zhou Dynasty: "The Most Holy Wenxuanshi". "Most holy" in ancient times referred to the person with the highest moral intelligence, and later specifically to Confucius.

In the third year of Renzong of Western Xia (1146 AD): "Emperor Wenxuan". According to the "History of the Song Dynasty, the Biography of the Xia Kingdom" and the "Western Xia Shushi", it is recorded that in March of the third year of the Western Xia Renzong (1146 AD), the Western Xia Renzong issued an edict: "Respect Confucius as the Emperor Wenxuan, and make the state and county all set up temples, and the palace is magnificent, and it is like the imperial system" - the Western Xia Kingdom gave Confucius the title of emperor, and the temple, hall, and courtyard of the same specifications as the Western Xia Emperor. This title is the highest level among the titles of the Confucius Dynasty.

The first year of Song Zhenzong Dazhong Xiangfu (1008): "King Xuansheng Wenxuan". "Xuansheng" refers to a person who has the virtue of governing the heavens but does not occupy his position, and the Book of the Later Han Dynasty first referred to Confucius as this.

In the fifth year of Song Zhenzong's Dazhong Xiangfu (1012): "The Most Holy Wenxuan King". The Han Dynasty historian Sima Qian first honored Confucius as the "most holy".

In the eleventh year of Yuan Chengzong Dade (1307): "Dacheng Most Holy Wenxuan King". "Dacheng" was originally a term used in ancient Qin music. Ancient music becomes one into one, nine changes and the end of the music, to the completion of ninety, called Dacheng, and later extended to the complete system formed by the ideas and doctrines of the predecessors. Mencius began to praise Confucius with Dacheng.

In the ninth year of Jiajing of Ming Shizong (1530): "The Holy Teacher".

In the second year of Shunzhi (1645), the ancestor of the Qing Dynasty was titled: "Dacheng Most Holy Wenxuan Ancestor". In "Mencius: Ten Thousand Chapters", the texts: "Xuan Sheng", "Most Holy", and "Dacheng" are all praises of Confucius.

During the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, the Yongzheng Emperor canonized Confucius as the most holy teacher of Dacheng and the king of Wenxuan.

In the twenty-fourth year of the Republic of China (1935), he was titled: "Dacheng Most Holy Teacher".

Confucius, the name Qiu, the word Zhongni. ranked second, so there is a person named Kong Laoer. The origin of the title of Confucius Lao Er is as follows: After the fall of the Western Jin Dynasty, during the Wuhu Rebellion, after the Hu people who lived in Guanzhong and the desert seized the Han people, they were very contemptuous of Confucianism in the Central Plains, and only recognized swords and guns, not academics, and after occupying Luoyang, Chang'an, they wantonly destroyed the Confucian Temple and Confucius statues left during the Han Dynasty. So Kong Laoer's nickname began to be called.

In addition, the Central Plains Dynasty in addition to Confucius to give the title, to the descendants of Confucius also gave the title, the earliest to give the descendants of Confucius the title is the Han Gaozu Liu Bang, Han Gaozu period (Han Gaozu 12 years), came to Ludi to worship Confucius, sealed Kong Teng as the enshrined monarch Liu Bang canonized the 8th descendant of Confucius Kong Teng as the enshrined monarch, after a thousand years, the title has changed repeatedly, until 1055 (Song to and two years) changed to the Yan Shenggong, once changed to the Holy Father, and then changed back to the Yan Shenggong, and later generations have been following the title since then.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Yan Sheng Gong was a rank of officials, listed as the first of civil officials, enjoyed greater privileges, and the Yan Sheng Gong (now Confucius Mansion) where he lived was the largest mansion in the country second only to the Ming and Qing Imperial Palaces. The Qufu Kong family was posthumously awarded gifts by the emperors of previous dynasties, and the pedigree was orderly, and the family was knighted. Qufu Kong's hereditary title of "Yansheng Duke" has accumulated 880 years.

Benefiting from the glory of the ancestor Confucius, Yansheng Gong has become a special duke in Chinese history that has endured for a long time, has risen from generation to generation, and has a prominent status.

The two sects stood side by side - also from the time of Confucius, due to the confluence of the Song, Jin, and Yuan dynasties, the descendants of Confucius were canonized as the Southern Sect and the Northern Sect. In the later period of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Jurchens went south, and Zhao Gou crossed the river and established the Southern Song Dynasty regime in Lin'an. Kong Duanyou moved south with Gaozong in the second year of Jianyan (1128 AD), and then lived in Quzhou (now Quzhou, Zhejiang Province), which was the southern sect, and then the southern sect attacked the holy prince of Yan with Kong Jue, Kong Yi, Kong Wenyuan, Kong Wanchun, Kong Zhu and others.

After the Song court moved south, Liu Yu established a puppet Qi regime, and in the second year of Fuchang (1131 AD), Kong Fan, the son of Kong Duanyou's younger brother Kong Duancao, was named the Holy Duke of Yan and presided over the Confucius Temple in Qufu. After the puppet Qi regime was overthrown, Jin Xizong succeeded Kong Fan as the Holy Duke of Yan in the second year of Tianjun (1139 AD), and then Kong Zheng, Kong Ye, Kong Yuancuo, etc. attacked the Holy Duke of Yan, which was the Northern Sect.

Later, due to the Mongol army moving south, Kong Yuancuo moved to Bianjing with the Jin regime, and the Confucian Temple in Qufu was presided over by his brother Kong Yuanyong. The Mongols occupied Qufu and took Kong Yuanyong, the son of Kong Yuanyong, as the Holy Prince. In this way, the three dynasties of Song, Jin, and Yuan rose together, and each had a Yan Shenggong. In the fifth year of Yuan Taizong (1233 AD), the Mongolian cavalry captured the capital of Jinbian, and Kong Yuancuo, the holy prince of Jinfengyan, was obtained by the Yuan regime. Beizong Kong Yuancuo had no children, and was succeeded by his brother Kong Yuanwei's grandson Kong Zhen, who was enthroned as the Holy Duke of Yan in the first year of Yuan Xianzong (1251 AD). Later, the Yuan regime previously enshrined the Holy Duke Qufu to order Kong Zhiquan's son Kong Zhi to write to the emperor, saying that Kong Zhen did not cultivate ancestral worship, and was not the sect of Kong, but was born in the side room of Kong Yuanqi's son Kong Zhigu, and his biological mother had already remarried to drive the Li family, Kong Zhen had followed the Li family surname Li, and could not be the Kong clan. In the second year of Xianzong (1252 AD), the emperor issued an edict to remove Kong Zhenyan from the title of Holy Prince. For a considerable period thereafter, no new Prophet was appointed. After the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, the 52nd grandson Kongzhu of the Song Dynasty returned to the Yuan. The Yuan Dynasty was unified, and Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan dynasty, visited the descendants of Confucius in the nineteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1282 AD), and summoned Kong Zhu to Beijing, and Kong Zhu gave way to Qufu Zongzi, Kublai Khan greatly appreciated Kong Zhu and said: "It is a true saint and queen." So he ordered Kong Zhu to supervise the sacrificial wine for the son of the country, undertook the Lang and promoted the affairs of the East Zhejiang School, gave the protection of the Lin Miao seal, and exempted him from the title of Yan Shenggong.

More than ten years later, in the first year of Yuanchengzong Yuanzhen (1295 AD), the eldest son of Kong, Kong Zhiquan, was enshrined for more than 30 years. It ended more than 100 years of juxtaposition of the two sects. In the second year of Yuanrenzong's reign (1315 AD), the Kong clan wrote to the emperor again, saying that Kong Sicheng, the son of Kong Zhi, was a concubine. Emperor Renzong sent his minister Yuan Mingshan to investigate, and personally took the genealogy of the Kong clan to investigate, and determined that the heir of the son of the sect should be Kong Sihui. Kong Sihui and Kong Sicheng are both the seventh grandson of Kong Ruoyu, the third son of Kong Zongyuan in the 45th generation, Kong Sihui is the eldest grandson of Kong Yuanxiao, the eldest son of Kong Fu, the eldest son of Kong Fu, and Kong Sicheng is the eldest grandson of Kong Yuanyong, the second son of Kong Fu.

The Qing court recognized - in the first year of Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty (1644 AD), the Qing Shizu recognized all the privileges enjoyed by Yan Sheng Gong in the Ming Dynasty, and Kong Yanzhi, the sixty-fourth generation of Yan Sheng Gong, still served as Yan Sheng Gong and the crown prince. At the time of the court, the Holy Father of Yan was still ranked above the cabinet ministers. The close relationship between Yan Shenggong and the imperial court reached its peak in the Qianlong period, and the Qianlong Emperor came to Qufu many times, and awarded the imperial book "and heaven and earth ginseng", "time neutral pole", "into a long time" and other plaques, rebuild the Lingxing Gate, easy wood for stone. There are many speculations about the close relationship between Qianlong and Confucius, including the seventy-first generation Yan Shenggong Kong Xianpei's wife Yu, who has a close relationship with Qianlong, and the Confucian Mansion is rumored to be the daughter of Qianlong. According to research, she is the righteous daughter of Qianlong. (The daughter of the official Yu Minzhong). Later, in the Daoguang period, there was a sacrificial shrine of Yu's family on the East Road of Confucius. After Yu Minzhong was dismissed, his descendants also lived in Confucius. The seventy-fifth generation of Yan Shenggong Kong Lingyi was favored by the emperor. When celebrating the birthday of the Empress Dowager Cixi in Beijing, she wore a pair of dazzling eyes; In the second year of Xuantong (1910), he wore a sable coat with a sable coat. In the second year of the Republic of China (1913 AD), Yuan Shikai ordered all the descendants of Yan Sheng Gong and the descendants of the sages to receive the honor of the Qing Dynasty as before, and awarded the Yan Sheng Gong Kong Lingyi first-class Baoguang Jiahe Medal. Kong Lingyi died of illness in Beijing in 1919, and in February 1920, his widow Kong Decheng was the last generation of Yan Shenggong, and in April, the president ordered Kong Decheng to be enthroned as Yan Shenggong. In the twenty-fourth year of the Republic of China (1935), the government of the Republic of China ordered Confucius's descendant Sun to be reappointed as the official of the Holy Master of Dacheng. At this point, the title of Yansheng Gong, which had lasted for more than 800 years, was abolished.

The purpose of writing this chapter is to tell the history of Confucius and his descendants, and many people understand the title of Yan Sheng Gong as the title of Confucius, but this is not true, so I write this chapter here to explain the title of Confucius and the title of Confucius's descendants.