It was too hard for one person to do things, and Xu Ping needed to have enough allies to share the pressure with him and help implement the New Deal. Pen? Interesting? Pavilion wWw. ｂiquge。 This is what Info has done to explain what he has done and to put the effects of the New Deal in front of everyone in a truthful manner. When money and food become an important criterion for the imperial court to inspect officials, everyone will consciously complete this transformation.

Listening to Xu Ping's words, Zhao Zhen nodded secretly. Compared with the court officials, he, the emperor, reacted quickly enough. Now all the cash in the treasury is put into the Jingshi Bank, and only gold, silver, and jewelry are stored in the treasury. The printed money must be spent, and if you can't spend it, you put it in the bank, and you can't put it in your own hands anyway. How much cash in his hand means how much interest he has to lose, Zhao Zhen's account is very clear. In fact, not to mention the printed money, even the minted copper coins Zhao Zhen is not in the inventory. As long as the country is stable, there will be no turmoil in paper money, and if there is no turmoil in paper money, copper money will be useless, just a small amount of paper money. And when the country can't sit still, what's the use of those copper coins for being the emperor? Zhao Zhen thought about this matter thoroughly.

After the two prime ministers asked, Zhao Zhen said: "I have something unclear, and the three divisions must solve their doubts." According to what I just said, the three divisions have spent more money this year than in the past, and it has been written clearly in the "Accounting Record" to come about, so there is no need to say more. However, after all, the money of the three divisions comes from the locality, how can there be more money collected from the locality, but there is more envy from the locality? This matter doesn't make sense, shouldn't it be the money obtained by local officials who have been deprived of the people and harvested from them? The Audit Division wants to investigate, and there must be an explanation. ”

Xu Ping got up and said: "The audit department always has to investigate, but it can be explained that there is more envy in the local area." First, the three shops and banks have opened to most of the state armies in the world, and there are more workers and businessmen, and there are naturally more taxes. Although it is theoretically said that the commercial tax should be transferred to the three divisions, in fact, some are always left in the local area in proportion. This is a common practice over the years, in case the flood and drought on the road are not common, and there is a disaster, Cao Si can calmly allocate it on the road. Of course, the biggest source of excess money in the local area is still in the banks. Wherever the banks are opened, the money and food should be much easier than in previous years. ”

Zhao Zhen was very interested in this point, and said to Xu Ping: "What kind of truth is this?" Can you elaborate on that? ”

"Your Majesty, the imperial court has to spend a certain amount of capital to go out from the people, whether it is the capital or the locality. The imperial court collects taxes, which costs money, and it is by no means collected as soon as the account books are hooked. To collect taxes from a household, there must be a servant to collect it, it must be put in the treasury, someone must count it, someone must transport it, and so on. Don't underestimate the cost of collecting taxes, the minister once calculated, in the past years, every penny collected from the people, in Kaifeng Mansion, it will cost the cost of three documents, the more detailed the money collected, the higher the cost. When it comes to the outer state army, Jingjing West Road, the capital of one penny tax is no less than five wen, Jinghu, Fujian, and Chuanxia four roads are ten wen, and when it comes to remote state armies like Erguang, it will cost twenty wen. In previous years, the cost of collecting taxes was borne by the local government, so Lingnan Erguang and the three roads along the border tried to let them not pay the money to come to Beijing, but only to raise troops in the local area. If you have no choice, you will also exchange it for gold and silver light goods. ”

In fact, it is not only about collecting taxes, but also about maintaining the rule of the regime. That's why for remote places, not only do they not collect taxes, but they prefer to be subsidized by the central court. What is subsidized is the cost of governance, which seems to be a loss, but in fact, in terms of the overall social effect, it is only in terms of economic benefits, and the central court also earns. Everyone knows this, just pretend not to know.

The cost of collecting taxes in this era was very high, including the cost of collecting taxes and the cost of transporting copper coins. Taking the smallest proportion of cash transportation costs as an example, the freight cost of transporting copper coins from Xiangyang County along the waterway to the capital is about 1,500 yuan. When the third division received their money, he had to take an additional 500 yuan into it, which was actually a loss. This copper coin cannot be left unlucky, otherwise the distribution of copper coins in the world is seriously uneven, and the consequences are more serious than this loss of 500 yuan.

Therefore, some small taxes in the local area, in order to reduce costs, will be bought by a certain amount. The head is authorized by the government to collect taxes, and if it is more than the quota, it will be its own profit, and if it is less than the quota, it will make up for it. This is not a tax system, but only a flexible form of taxation, which was actually widely practiced in bazaars in rural areas in some years in Xu Ping's previous life. There is no way, the cost of collecting these taxes is too high, and the official needs this money, so it can only do this.

The cost of collecting taxes is borne by the local government, so the amount of taxes collected does not reflect the tax burden on the private sector, but also the cost of collecting these taxes. However, this issue is too complex and sensitive, and people just pretended not to know about it before. After the three divisions' finances were relaxed, Xu Ping first exempted those small taxes.

The cost of large taxes is relatively low, and combined with the company system, the cost of tax collection has dropped dramatically. And the most important thing is the banking system, some fixed taxes are required to be handed over to the banks on their own initiative, and the government's energy is focused on investigating those tax evasions. Banks no longer need to transport copper money to the capital and then from the capital to the local government, and the cost of capital flow has also been reduced. Taken together, these measures now cost only a fraction of what the three divisions used to do to collect taxes from the whole country.

After analyzing these problems clearly, Xu Ping said to Zhao Zhen: "Your Majesty, why does the third division collect more money and more local envy?" It's actually quite simple, and now it's cheaper to collect taxes than before. In the past, the world collected 50 million yuan, but in fact, the local government may have spent 4 or 500 million yuan. And now that 100 million guan is collected, the local government may only spend 200 million guan. If we add in the increased taxes from the newly opened factories and shops in recent years, as well as the money earned by the sugar business, the field business, the bank, and various companies under the three divisions, the burden on the local government has actually been reduced on a large scale compared to before. In the past, the tax of 500 million guan in the prefectures and counties of the world felt tight, but now it is only 100 million or 200 million guan, which is naturally much more relaxed. And it's not just that, in fact, spending money is also cost, and the cost of spending money in the past two years has also decreased. That's the benefit of banks. For the imperial court, in fact, the interest earned is small, and the biggest benefit to the world is to save money that does not need to be spent. ”

There is a cost to the production and trading of goods, there is also a cost to capital, and there is also a cost to fiscal revenue and fiscal expenditure. The proportion of cost in the total amount is not naturally negligible, but it is not possible in this era, because the cost is the largest part of the money collected by the government from the private sector. Looking at the burden of the common people in society, we should not only look at how much money the central court collected and how much it spent, but also take into account the cost of these revenues and expenditures, otherwise it may be far from the truth.

The harsh taxes of the past dynasties, in fact, only a few dollars really fell into the hands of the central court? Most of it is spent on the cost of collecting taxes. The more exorbitant the taxes and miscellaneous taxes in addition to the regular tax, the higher the cost, which is the greatest harm to the people.

The biggest benefit that the people can feel about Xu Ping's new policy is not how much tax has been reduced, not how much money has been earned each year, but the same amount of money, but only a fraction of the original burden. Just look at making money, how many businesses can have profits several times the capital? However, from the perspective of reducing the cost of fiscal revenue and fiscal expenditure, the establishment of the banking system can achieve this effect. As for the interest received and the support and impetus for the commodity economy, that is the stamina. The most immediate results are, first of all, that the tax burden on the private sector has been greatly reduced without raising or reducing taxes.