Zhuge Liang's first Northern Expedition can be said to have made all preparations. He heard that after the death of Cao Pi, Huanjie, Xiahou Shang and others, Xincheng Taishou Meng Da was living more and more unhappily as a general who surrendered from Shu Han to Wei. Zhuge Liang immediately asked Li Yan to write a letter to Meng Da to lure him, and Meng Da also wrote back to say that he was willing to return to Shu Han. It's a pity that Meng Da's small actions have long been secretly reported to Sima Yi by Wei Xing, who has contradictions with him.

Meng Da saw that the matter had been revealed, and he couldn't help but be terrified, thinking that it would be better to raise troops on this move? Unexpectedly, Sima Yi directly wrote him a letter to comfort him, which made Meng Da hesitate. But Zhuge Liang, who was only cautious all his life, naturally knew how powerful Sima Yi was, and hurriedly wrote a letter to Meng Da to be careful. Meng Da wrote back to Zhuge Liang, "Wancheng is 800 miles away from Luoyang and 1,200 miles away from Xincheng. Sima Yi now wants to play the Son of Heaven, and then come to crusade against me, so back and forth, at least a month. When I am ready, I will not be afraid of him Sima Yi" Zhuge Liang saw this reply, and just sighed, "Will be outside, and the king's order will not be affected." How could Sima Yi do this? It seems that Meng Da must be captured by Sima Yi" hurriedly sent a partial general to send troops to Anqiao and Muqi in Xicheng of Weixing County to rescue Meng Da.

Sima Yi also did not listen to the persuasion of the generals to "wait and see before acting", and ordered to work day and night, and it took only 8 days to kill Xincheng County. At the same time, the generals were assigned to block the reinforcements of the Shu army. At this time, Meng Da was dumbfounded, and he lamented in a letter to Zhuge Liang, "Sima Yi only took eight days to come to the city, how fast"

In January 228, Sima Yi surrounded the city and began to lure Meng Da's subordinate Li Fu and nephew Deng Xian. Sixteen days later, the two men surrendered Kaejo. Meng Da was beheaded, and his head was burned in the Qu of Luoyang Sida. Wei Xingtai Shou Shen Yi was also taken down by Sima Yi and sent back to Luoyang on the charge of "undertaking engraving without authorization and giving many false awards". Cao Rong ordered to divide the three counties of Shangyong, Wuling and Wu in the new city into Shangyong County; Tin County is Tin County.

At this time, sitting in Chang'an, the generals of Guanzhong were Cao Cao's beloved son-in-law, Cao Pi's friend, the son of Xiahou Yuan, who married Princess Qinghe, and the general of Anxi, Xiahou Nan.

As Prime Minister Sima and the first fierce general of Shu Han at this time, Wei Yan suggested to Zhuge Liang, "I am willing to lead 5,000 elite soldiers and 5,000 grains, take the road to Baozhong, advance east along the Qinling Mountains, and then kill north from the Meridian Valley." However, in ten days, you can go to Chang'an. Xiahou Nan's son's brother will abandon the city and flee at this time. The prime minister led a large army out of the valley and joined me. In this way, about 20 days, the west of Xianyang can be decided in one fell swoop, "But how could Zhuge Liang, who has been cautious all his life, make this risky move?" He rejected this "Meridian Valley Conspiracy" and chose to take the Longxi Roads or the Chencang Ancient Roads. These roads were suitable for large armies because of the flat ground. But Wei Yan said in one sentence: "In this way, the Wei army will do its best to defend along the road, and it will be protracted." When can you get the Central Plains "Zhuge Liang Dao" Although this move takes time, it can take Longyou without worry. I will enter the army according to the law, so why worry about it" Wei Yan withdrew with a sigh of relief. And history will ultimately prove Wei Yan's assertion: in the six and a half years from now until August 234, Zhuge Liang went out of Qishan six times, but only conquered two counties, Wudu and Yinping...

Zhuge Liang first threatened to send troops from Xiegu Road to attack Fufeng County and Yi County. He also sent Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi to lead suspicious soldiers to hold Keigu. When Cao Rong sent Cao Zhen to Yixian County to supervise the right army, Zhuge Liang suddenly led a large army to attack Qishan in Tianshui County! The ranks are neat and the orders are serious. Wei had been focusing on Eastern Wu when he was in Cao Pi, and was defenseless against Shu Han. This time, when Zhuge Liang first came out of Qishan, he was suddenly frightened by the government and the opposition, and Guanzhong was shaken. Tianshui, Nan'an, and Anding counties heard the wind and asked to descend. Tianshui joined the army, Jiang Weizheng followed Taishou Ma Zun, Gong Cao Liang Xu, the chief bookkeeper Yin Xian, and the chief secretary Liang Qian and other people to the county. Ma Zun was so frightened that he was about to flee to Shangtai County, but Jiang Wei persuaded Ma Zun that he should return to the county to organize resistance. Ma Zun suspected that Jiang Wei had different ambitions, so he didn't care about him, and fled to Shangtai by night. Jiang Wei went to Shangtai County and Ji County successively, but they were all closed. Jiang Wei, who was in a dilemma, finally chose to surrender to Shu Han. At the age of 27, he was deeply loved by Zhuge Liang and was appointed as Cangcao Peng, Fengyi General, and Dangyang Pavilion Marquis (the 93rd chapter of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" "Jiang Boyo surrendered to Kong Ming" is different from this)

When the news came back, Cao Rong said, "Shu Han has the risk of geographical advantages. Zhuge Liang gave up and took the initiative to attack, which was self-defeating. And he is greedy for the surrender of the three counties, and he knows that he does not know how to retreat. just took this opportunity to destroy him" mobilized 50,000 foot cavalry, handed over to Zhang He to lead, and went to meet the enemy. Subsequently, Cao Rong also rushed to Chang'an in person.

Zhuge Liang summoned the generals and said, "The street pavilion in Guangwei County is the throat of Hanzhong, which is related to the success or failure of our Northern Expedition. Who dares to go to the street guarding pavilion" Ma Tan, who joined the army, volunteered and asked for his life.

Ma Tan was too punctual when Ren Yuejun was too punctual, and he was good at talking about military affairs. It is deeply valued by Zhuge Liang. But Liu Bei never thought so. When the White Emperor City entrusted Gu, he also specially told Zhuge Liang that "Ma Tan's words are exaggerated and should not be used", but Zhuge Liang did not listen, and he was as serious as ever to Ma Tan. Even the two often talk about things day and night. Now Zhuge Liang rejected the invitation of Wei Yan, Wu Yi and other battlefield generals, and handed over the heavy responsibility of guarding the street pavilion to Ma Yan.

But Ma Jian finally betrayed Zhuge Liang's trust, he did not listen to the bitter advice of the deputy general Wang Ping, and set up the camp on a mountain far from the water source. Wang Ping had no choice but to ask Ma Jian to divide 1,000 troops for himself and set up another battalion to echo each other.

Zhang He led his troops to the street pavilion and immediately discovered this major problem of Ma Tan's camp. Ordered to immediately cut off the water source of the Shu army, and then storm the Shu army. Ma Tan was defeated, and the soldiers scattered. Only Wang Ping sounded the drum to defend himself and scared Zhang He away with suspicious soldiers. Then he gathered the rout and slowly withdrew.

The First Northern Expedition failed like this! Zhuge Liang ordered a quick retreat to Hanzhong. The only gain was to move more than 1,000 families from the West County of Tianshui County into Hanzhong, and to get Jiang Wei, the future successor ("Romance of the Three Kingdoms" Chapter 95: Zhuge Liang scared off the pursuit of Sima Yi's 150,000-strong army with an empty city after Ma Tan lost the street pavilion. But this battle actually has nothing to do with Sima Yi, and the empty city plan is even more fictional)

After Zhuge Liang retreated to Hanzhong, he immediately ordered Ma Tanxia to be beheaded. Jiang Wan persuaded, "In the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Chu killed the ministers, and the Duke of Jin Wen was happy. If it is undecided today, but to kill such a wise man as Ma Yan, wouldn't it be a pity" Zhuge Liang replied with tears in his eyes, "Sun Wu was able to win the world, thanks to the wisdom of law enforcement. It is precisely because the world is undecided that the army must be strictly administered. If there is no military law, what will I do to go to the Northern Expedition to fight the thieves?"

But after Ma Yan's death, Zhuge Liang still personally cried for him and raised his orphans, Enruo lived.

In addition to killing Ma Yan, Zhuge Liang also killed Li Sheng, seized the military power of Huang Xian, and reused Wang Ping. Crowned Wang Ping as a member of the army, commanded the five departments and served as a battalion officer, promoted to the position of general of Kou, and was named the Marquis of Ting.

Zhuge Liang himself went to the queen Liu Chan and asked for self-depreciation. Liu Chan issued an edict to demote Zhuge Liang to the right general, and still did the prime minister's business.

In this battle, Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi were also defeated in Keitani. However, due to Zhao Yun's proper command, there were no major losses. But defeat is defeat after all, and Zhao Yun was also demoted to the general of the town army. Afterwards, Zhuge Liang once asked Deng Zhi, "The street pavilion is defeated, and the soldiers will be dispersed." The Mitani army retreated, but the generals did not lose each other. How did you do it," Deng Zhi replied, "Zhao Yun personally broke off, step by step. Not only the soldiers, but even the military funds have not been lost" Zhuge Liang couldn't help but sigh, and ordered the silk in the military funds brought back by Zhao Yun to Zhao Yun and other soldiers. But was rejected by Zhao Yun "The general of the defeated army, what face is given?" It's better to include these things in the library and make them a winter gift in October," Zhuge Liang nodded in goodness.

The first Northern Expedition failed, and some people persuaded Zhuge Liang to continue to send troops. Zhuge Liang said, "In this Northern Expedition, there were more soldiers than thieves, but they were broken by thieves." The reason is not that there are few soldiers, but that I use the wrong general. Now it is time to reduce the number of troops and reduce the number of generals, think about punishments clearly, and strive not to make mistakes again in the future. If not, what is the use of having more soldiers? From now on, all the monarchs should think far for the country, make up for my que diligently, and then the matter can be decided, the thief can be destroyed, and the meritorious deeds can be waited for" After saying this, Zhuge Liang ordered to test the micro-labor, promote the heroic, blame and blame, and speak of martial arts, and then make a post-picture.

After Cao Zhen re-pacified the three counties of Tianshui, Nan'an, and Anding, he left Hao Zhao to garrison Chencang County, Fufeng County, in case Zhuge Liang went out of Chencang Road next time.

In March, Sun Quanfeng's 17-year-old second son Sun was considered the Marquis of Jianchang.

On April 8, Cao Rong returned to Luoyang and granted amnesty to the following prisoners on death row. On the 16th, Cao Rong rewarded Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition for his meritorious deeds, and knighted the heroes.

In April, Cao Rong appointed Xu Miao as the assassin of Liangzhou. After Xu Miao took office, he engaged in agriculture and accumulated grains, established a school and trained clearly, advanced the good and overthrew the evil, and did not ask about minor mistakes when dealing with Qianghu and other ethnic minorities. If a serious crime is committed, inform his subordinates of the crime he has committed, and then behead the offender. Soon, the officials and people of Liangzhou submitted to its prestige, and the state borders were cleared.

In May, Sun Quan ordered Poyang Taishou Zhou Yi to surrender to Cao Wei's Yangzhou pastor Cao Xiu. After Cao Xiu was deceived, he led 100,000 foot cavalry to attack Lujiang County and Anhui County with Zhou Yi. After Cao Rong learned the news, he also sent Sima Yi to attack Jiangling County, Nanjun, and Jia Kui to attack Dongguan in Weixuwu, advancing in three directions.

In August, Sun Quan came to Anhui County. Appointed Lu Xun as the governor of the capital and the fake Huang Yue. Zhu Huan and Quan Cong were the left and right governors, each leading 30,000 people to attack Cao Xiu. Zhu Huan said to Sun Quan, "Cao Xiu has no ability, but it is because of his surname Cao that he has taken this position." He will lose this battle, and there are only two paths for him to lose: a stone and a trailer. These two roads are steep paths, and we can ambush 10,000 soldiers there in advance, and Cao Xiu can capture them. Then he took advantage of the victory and drove straight forward, captured Cao Wei's Yangzhou Prefecture, and occupied Shouchun County, Huainan County, and occupied all the land of Huainan. In the future, there will be a chance to forge ahead in Xudu and Luoyang. This is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, and the opportunity cannot be lost" But because of Lu Xun's opposition, Sun Quan did not agree to Zhu Huan's plan.

Jiang Ji and Man Chong successively went up and pointed out that Cao Xiu's battle was unfavorable. But it was too late, the battle of Shiting between Cao Xiu and Lu Xun had already begun! The Wu army marched in three directions, Cao Xiu was defeated, and the Wu army pursued all the way to Jiashi, capturing more than 10,000 captives, seizing 10,000 cattle, horses, mules, donkey carts, and countless military equipment. After Jia Kui marched 200 miles by land and water, he received the news of Cao Xiu's defeat at Shiting, and the generals either asked to withdraw their troops, or asked to wait for the follow-up troops to arrive before they went together to rescue Cao Xiu. was rejected by Jia Kui, and ordered the army to march with the Dao, and set up more suspicious soldiers. Frightened the Wu army back, and then took back Cao Xiu's defeated army and supplied the soldiers with food. Jia Kui and Cao Xiu were originally at odds, but this time Cao Xiu was defeated, but it was all thanks to Jia Kui to avoid it. After the defeat, Cao Xiu wrote a letter of apology, and Emperor Cao Rong of Wei Ming ordered him to be exempted from responsibility because he was a clan surnamed Cao. But Cao Xiu felt ashamed and had a gangrene in his back. In September, Cao Xiu himself was angry with himself. The post of governor of Yangzhou was succeeded by Manzhong.

On the 29th, Cao Rong established the prince Cao Mu as the king of Fanyang.

In September, Tian Yu sent troops to attack Xianbei Yu Zhu, and Yu Zhu's father-in-law, Kebineng, sent troops to rescue him, and led 30,000 cavalry to besiege Tian Yu in Macheng, Daijun. Yan Rou's younger brother, Shanggu Taishou Yan Zhisu was believed by Xianbei, so he went to Zhaozhao, and Kebineng broke the siege.

In October, Cao Rong issued an edict: ordered the secretary and the close ministers to recommend a good general.

In November, Situ Wang Lang died (the 93rd chapter of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" depicts Wang Lang being killed by Zhuge Liang in shame in front of the battle, which is pure fiction)

The news of Cao Xiu's defeat reached the CD, and Zhuge Liang prepared for another northern expedition. In the face of the suspicious situation of the ministers, Zhuge Liang went to the "Later Teacher Table" ("Later Teacher Table") There is a sentence "Lost Zhao Yun... and more than 70 people", but "The Biography of Zhao Yun" records that Zhao Yun died in 229 of the following year)

In December, Zhuge Liang sent troops to Sanguan at the junction of Wudu County and Fufeng County to surround Chencang County. But in the face of Hao Zhao's insistence, Zhuge Liang couldn't overcome it for a long time. So, Zhuge Liang ordered Hao Zhao's fellow villager Jin Shen to come outside Chencang City and persuade Hao Zhao to surrender. Hao Zhao replied loudly in the city: "The law of the country and my personality are well known. I am deeply gracious to the country and swear to defend the city to the death. Qing Ke went back and told Zhuge Liang that if he wanted to attack the city, he could come to attack it" Zhuge Liang listened to Jin Shen's return, and he went to persuade him to surrender again, so as to say it with benefits. Hao Zhao shouted, "The preface has been decided, why not talk about it!" I know you, but my arrows don't know you" frightened Jin Shen hurriedly retreated.

Zhuge Liang broke off the idea of persuading him to surrender, and realized that he had tens of thousands of soldiers, and Chen Cang's garrison was only more than 1,000 people, so Zhuge Liang ordered a strong attack. Special ladders, punching cars. As a result, the ladder was burned by Hao Zhao with rockets, and even the ladder was burned. To deal with the rushing car, Hao Zhao pierced the stone with a rope and threw it violently, and the rushing car was broken. Zhuge Liang ordered people to carry soil to fill the moat, and Hao Zhao built another heavy wall in the city. Zhuge Liang ordered the tunnels to be dug, and Hao Zhao dug horizontal tunnels in the city to intercept them. The two sides attacked and defended for more than 20 days, but Zhuge Liang had nothing to do.