Therefore, when Xu Guangqi asked about astronomy, the young man did not directly say anything about the solar and lunar eclipse calendar, but asked Xu Guangqi about his views on the concept of the universe. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

This was also controversial in the Ming Dynasty, the universe is space and time, so can space and time exist separately? Or can't it stand alone? This is the philosophical basis for many subsequent things, perhaps for ordinary students, they only need to give a cramming formula according to the doctrine of their predecessors, but if you want to destroy the three views of a character like Xu Guangqi, you need to start from the root.

The young man did not explain directly, but asked again: "Mr. Xuan'an has read the book "Arithmetic and Geometry" for a few days, and before I talk about this question, I will ask Mr. Xuan'an a few questions. ”

"Please."

"Suppose one plus one equals four, and four plus one equals eight. So according to what is said in that book, one plus one plus one must equal eight, right? ”

"Exactly. It is counterintuitive, but according to the so-called logic, it is true in this hypothesis. ”

"How is that wrong?"

"In this hypothesis, the result of the calculation is not the same as the hypothetical, and the hypothesis itself is proved to be wrong."

"Yes. Then, as far as Mr. Gen'an knows one of the corners of the universe today, it must be that the earth rotates for the stars. Rightly or not, it's a hypothesis. As we know, the earth revolves around the sun. Therefore, before discussing astronomy, we must accept this hypothesis, and choose one of the two, otherwise everything after that will be difficult to understand and explain. ”

Xu Guangqi reacted slightly, and then knew the seriousness of the problem. If there is no right or wrong in itself, but if something does not correspond to the facts, it is proved that the hypothesis itself is wrong.

Now he couldn't tell which hypothesis was correct, but he knew one thing: the group of people in front of him had deduced the comet coming from their hypothetical universe, while the other hypothetical people had not.

This is not a question of whether there is a heart or not, Xu Guangqi knows very well that Matteo Ricci wants to be appreciated by His Majesty the Emperor, and when he translated the original geometry, he thought about translating the astronomical calendar books first.

If there was a chance to calculate the arrival of a comet, Matteo Ricci would never have missed it, but if he missed it, it would prove that he had no ability to predict, and that the hypothesis of geocentrism that he taught was wrong, at least in the matter of comets, and that it was inferior to the heliocentric hypothesis.

The young man opposite was holding some letters from Jiang Zhili, the prefect of Quanzhou, which clearly stated the origin of the comet incident, and also took out the records in the history books of the Yuan and Song dynasties that had been verified, which were basically correct, and even if you want to continue to turn forward, you can turn to the Warring States Policy......

There is no way, this is a great ethnic group that has a history of faith since the people rioted in the republic, and it is not difficult to read it with the heart, Chen Jian is deliberately trying to dig through the association, with a heart to calculate or not, and to pretend to be science with a magic stick, he has the advantage.

And once you accept the idea of astronomy, you have to accept that the worldview that goes with it and the notion that the universe cannot exist on its own, that it is one.

Xu Guangqi has experienced two major worldview turns in his life.

When he joined the Church, he had already done it once, from the 21st year of Wanli to the 31st year of Wanli, a full ten years for him to accept the Catholic worldview.

And now, he was faced with a second choice, and this time it was only more intense than the previous one, and he could feel it.

A voice in his head kept telling him that it was heresy and that he should not be listened to. Another voice was inspiring him, it was science, listen to it......

The two thoughts struggled in his mind for a long time, and finally Xu Guangqi sighed and said: "If it is a hypothesis, then let's talk about your hypothesis." ”

The young man also smiled and said, "Yes, it's just that Mr. Xuan'an might as well listen to it." ”

After speaking, he asked Xu Guangqi for a pen and paper, and skillfully drew an earth's orbit around the sun, marked the equator and the ecliptic, and briefly explained. He has seen a lot of this picture in Mincheng, Nan'an's school cramming education has taught these things again, as long as the children know that they don't need to be exhausted, and those who have a heart say otherwise, they need mathematics to prove it, this is another thing. Not every child who knows that the earth is a ball can push out gravity on his own, but that doesn't prevent children from knowing that questioning and opposing that is what people who do in the line of work have to do.

"Mr. Xuan'an, before I talk about that, let me talk about our hypothetical universe. At the beginning of the opening of heaven and earth, the way of heaven and earth already exists, and it is not known why heaven and earth are opened, and there is no need to know who opened heaven and earth, because at the moment when heaven and earth are first opened, the people or gods who opened the world are meaningless, and the only thing that exists is the way of heaven and earth set at that moment. ”

Seeing that Xu Guangqi was about to object, the young man said again: "This is a hypothesis." Mr. Xuan'an doesn't need to be in a hurry, let me ask first, if you take this hypothesis, what does Mr. Xuan'an think is the way of heaven and earth? Just give a random example. ”

Xu Guangqi didn't think about it, and replied casually: "If this is assumed, the sun rises in the east and sets in the west, which is the way of heaven and earth. ”

The young man shook his head and said, "Mr. Xuan'an is wrong. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, but it is only a manifestation of the way of heaven and earth, not the way of heaven and earth itself. The so-called rising in the east and setting in the west is simply because the earth rotates from west to east when it rotates on its own. It's just that at the moment when the heavens and the earth first opened, the earth happened to rotate from west to east. If the earth is moving from east to west at that moment, it will naturally rise in the west and set in the east. In terms of the cause in "Arithmetic and Geometry", the rise of the east and the fall of the west are just the cause, not the cause. If we take the rise in the east and the fall in the west as the cause, what we get is that the shadow is in the west in the morning and the shadow is in the east in the evening. Similarly, because the Earth rotates from west to east, the sun appears to us to rise in the east and set in the west, but in reality it does not move at all. ”

The young man said, "In other words, the rise of the east and the fall of the west are not the Tao itself, because the east rises and the west sets, so the morning shadow is in the west and the evening shadow is in the east...... This is the whole sentence that begins with the cause and ends in the east. In the same way, turning from west to east is not Tao in itself, but the complete sentence that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west because it turns from west to east is the Tao. ”

Xu Guangqi was still stunned, and the young man hit the railroad while it was hot: "Does Mr. Xuan'an believe that the earth is round?" ”

was interrupted like this, so he also nodded and said, "Of course I believe it." ”

"Then Mr. Xuan'an didn't think about why people on the other side of the earth couldn't fall?"

"This ......"

"Because the earth is like a magnet, except that this magnet attracts not only iron, but all things. Grass, trees, bamboo, stone, copper, iron, people and animals are all sucked in. Therefore, people are always towards the center of the globe, so it is impossible to fall, and even if they do, they will fall towards the center of the globe. This is also the way of heaven and earth, and if it is only said that a stone is thrown into the air and falls, it is only a manifestation of the way of heaven and earth, not the way of heaven and earth itself. We calculated how fast and slow we would fall, so that we could be more prepared for the bombardment of the artillery, which is the benefit of knowing the way of heaven and earth. ”

Xu Guangqi pondered this sentence carefully, closed his eyes and thought for a while, and suddenly said: "Yes, not downward but towards the center of the ball." What is below us is below, and what is below is our upper if it is on the other side of the earth...... No wonder! ”

With the help of the cannon and astronomy that Xu Guangqi was interested in, the breakthrough was opened, and the subsequent problems were much simpler.

For half a month, he sat down and talked about the Tao, instilling many destructive things into Xu Guangqi's mind, and his own concept of "Dao" made Xu Guangqi not difficult to accept, and even easier to accept.

And the biggest worldview question that comes with this is: Is there a meaning to heaven or God? If it no longer affects the world after creation, then even if the meaning of existence is combined? Does it matter if something that doesn't make sense exists or not?

If the Word coincides with Heaven and God, then the Word is knowable and measurable, which proves that God and Heaven are knowable, but how can Heaven and God be knowable?

When something cannot be seen, touched, smelled, perceived, or affected in people's lives, it is like this, it is like it without it, worship it as such, worship it as such, believe it as such, and believe it as such.

So even if it exists, what is the difference between being and not being?

This is not Jian Chen's idea, but it is the most acceptable idea for people at this time.

This does not require a denial of the existence of heaven or God per se, but a denial of the meaning of their existence.

Although it is still idealistic, at this time it is a turbulent wave that shakes the earth and the sky.

Xu Guangqi didn't want to accept it, but he even asked a few questions and the other party answered them one by one, or described some scenes in the rather sensational display in the Capital School Palace, which didn't sound like a fake, because this person said that if Xu Guangqi was interested in the future, he could copy it at any time if he had the opportunity in the future.

Particulate theory, fertilisology, triboelectric electricity, electrolysis of water, vacuum mercury, prism spectroscopy, and chemical workshops under the banner of particulate as all things and the immortality of matter......

These things that sound mysterious and mysterious are said one by one to Xu Guangqi, who is like listening to the Classic of Mountains and Seas again, but he tells Xu Guangqi over and over again that because the way of heaven and earth will not change, no matter when and where, things based on the way of heaven and earth can be repeated, and everything that is said can be repeated without fear of questioning.

When asked about some subtle truths, the young man said that he had learned very little, but he was not familiar with the language of a Chinese person, so he could not do it.

One day, after arguing and inquiring, the young man took out a book called "Interesting Peas", and handed it to Xu Guangqi: "This book was available hundreds of years ago, and all students in the school of agriculture have to learn. It's just that from planting to harvesting, it will take two years to do everything written in the book. During Mr. Xuan'an's observance, he just tried to prove the truth with what he saw in front of him. In two years, we can talk about the way of heaven and earth......"

I took the book and flipped through a few pages at random, and it was full of pictures and texts, and it was extremely detailed.

He didn't refuse, but there was no curiosity in his heart, because the answer was given in the book, and he was already convinced that the answer in the book must be correct......

It was night, Xu Guangqi had a splitting headache and could not sleep.

My mind is full of what I have heard these days, I close my eyes to those strange books and rare things that have been sent, my ears are full of repetitions and the like, and my heart is full of the sound of blood wriggling.

The words of the saints, the righteousness of Jesus, the way of heaven and earth, the words of the Buddha...... All kinds of voices kept rolling in his head, and in the middle of the night, he suddenly sat up, whistled several times, and his heart was like a drum and sweat like a pulp......