On July 5, Xiao He, the founding minister of the Han Dynasty, died. Xiao He was cautious all his life, and the purchase www.biquge.info of a field house must be in the poor countryside, and the damage of the wall house will not be repaired.

His last words were "There will be virtuous descendants in the future, and they should learn from my frugality." If you are not virtuous, you will not be taken by the wealthy family."

When Xiao He died, Cao Shen was working as a minister in the Qi State.

His first reaction was to say to the housekeeper, "Hurry up and pack your bags." I'm going to be transferred back to the central government to take over as prime minister."

Sure enough, the central envoy arrived immediately and summoned Cao Shen back to Chang'an.

On this day, Cao Shen has been waiting for too long!

All along, Cao participated in Xiao He to do the same job, that is, to be a housekeeper.

The difference is that Xiao He is in the center and is the housekeeper of Liu Bang, the ancestor of the Han Dynasty; Cao Shen is in the local area, and he is the housekeeper of Liu Fei, the king of Qi.

This is where Cao Shen has always been obsessed with Xiao He.

Back then, the two rebelled together; Later, the two took up their respective positions: Xiao Wen and Cao Wu; In the end, the world was calm, but Liu Bang designated Xiao He as a meritorious person and Cao Shen as a meritorious dog... Liu Bang's stroke, like a clear 38th line, has left a shadow in the hearts of Xiao He and Cao Shen since then.

The friendship between the two was shattered, and they began to serve their own masters and do their own work.

The strange thing is that they don't quarrel with each other, and they don't exchange greetings, they have a posture of never getting along!

In fact, over the years, the two still recognize and respect each other in the bottom of their hearts.

Because of this, Xiao He decided that Cao Shen could take over his class before he died.

After Cao Shen officially took office as the second prime minister of the Han Dynasty on the 27th, he did not make any changes to Xiao He's statecraft, but kept them all and inherited them intact.

Could it be that Cao Shen didn't want to get along with Xiao He because he was lazy?

Wrong!

Cao Shen's trick is called Huang Lao's learning, and he does nothing!

Think of Qin Shi Huang, who was actually a very diligent monarch, and it is said that he himself stipulated that he must read 120 catties (about 31 kilograms) of bamboo slips every day to see state events.

But why don't the people like this kind of particularly dutiful monarch?

The reason is nothing more than two words - toss!

So what makes a good monarch who meets the standards of the people's minds?

Three words - no toss!

So once the emperor becomes the shopkeeper, the people like it very much.

Of course, the word "shopkeeper" is not very good, but it is not easy to make a good word - to rule the world with clothes.

The paradox of Chinese history often lies in this: the monarch is diligent in his administration, which often leads to the unrest of the whole country.

Because the monarch himself is diligent in his administration, the officials below do not dare to slack off.

Therefore, in order to curry favor with the superiors, I am afraid that it is a variety of deception and deception, doing everything, and the people are often tossed to the point that life is worse than death, and the result is not only failed to benefit the people, but the diligent government has become a harsh government, and finally the world is boiling, and the people are scolding in unison that "harsh government is fiercer than a tiger"

Of course, the rule of inaction was by no means something that Cao Shen came up with on a whim.

To explore his theory of statecraft, we have to go back to the time when he first became Qi Xiang.

At that time, Cao Shen really wanted to make a career.

Governing the country is like building a building, you have to draw a blueprint before you can start construction.

So Cao Shen summoned all the intellectual elites of Qi for a meeting.

As a result, there are many opinions and no agreement.

So is there a concept of governance that is not only in line with the national conditions of Qi but also can build a good country?

To answer this question, you have to consult a master.

It just so happened that at that time, there lived in Jiaoxi a master who claimed to be proficient in Huang Lao's art.

Cao Shen decided to bring a generous gift to invite the master.

This legendary master is called Gai Gong.

As soon as Gai Gong saw Cao Shen, he put forward a set of avant-garde theories: the ruler of the country is pure and inactive, so that the people can stabilize themselves.

Any theory, it doesn't matter how beautiful you say, but practical.

To be honest, the technique of Huang Lao mentioned by Gai Gong was really suitable for the national conditions of Qi at that time.

In fact, don't talk about the Qi State, by extension, it is applicable in the entire early Han Dynasty, and even at the beginning of the founding of the previous dynasties!

The so-called Huang Lao refers to the Yellow Emperor and Lao Tzu.

The Yellow Emperor is the head of the Five Emperors, and his representative works include the "Four Classics of the Yellow Emperor" compiled by later generations; Lao Tzu was the founder of Taoism in the pre-Qin period, and his representative works include the Tao Te Ching.

During the Warring States Period, there were many famous thinkers and philosophers in the Jixia School Palace of the State of Qi who studied them and collectively called them Huang Lao.

It must be pointed out that the so-called Huang Lao's school is actually a mixture of the hybridization of hundreds of schools of thought, and a new idea formed by Taoism, law, Confucianism, yin and yang, etc., and the original old Zhuang Taoism is already two faces, not the same day.

In terms of governing the country, all the sons and hundreds of schools of thought have put forward their own theories.

In short: Confucianism talks about doing something, Taoism talks about doing nothing; Confucianism talks about benevolence, and Mohists talk about love; Confucianism stresses the rule of virtue, while Legalism stresses the rule of law.

In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the weak eat the strong.

At that time, every country wanted to bring peace to the world by itself.

But if the world wants to get peace, the only way to stop the war is to stop the war.

As a result, the war has continued over the years and people have been displaced.

Every monarch who wants to be promising, has to face the situation that the world is not peaceful because of their deeds.

So Lao Tzu thinks: If everyone returns to nature and returns to the original state of small countries and widows, then there will be nothing in the world?

Doesn't this mean that I have done something that is most beneficial to the people?

But in fact, whether it is Confucianism or Taoism, their ideas are not tolerated in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

Any thought, only the right soil of the times, can cultivate positive results.

At that time, the hearts of the people were not ancient, and no monarch believed in the benevolent government of Confucius, nor did he believe in Lao Tzu's purity and inaction.

At that time, everyone was optimistic about the following: soldiers, columnists, and legalists.

In the end, Qin Shi Huang relied on Legalism as the concept of governing the country and ruled the world.

There is a generation of governing ideas.

The state of Qin prospered and died because of Legalist thought.

Chen Sheng raised his arms, Liu Xiang followed, and the Great Qin Dynasty collapsed.

Now that the Han Dynasty has been established, it must be supported by a new concept of governance!

The economic base determines the superstructure.

As one of the state ideologies of the superstructure, adapted to the economic conditions of the early Han Dynasty, it was none other than Taoism!

After so many years of fighting, killing and killing, the country's productive forces have seriously declined.

The priority now is to revitalize the economy.

The Taoist idea of not disturbing the people and being pure and inactive is in line with the basic national conditions of the early Han Dynasty.

In this way, Huang Lao's technique stood out and was widely recognized by the Han Dynasty.

Cao Shen also did a suitable thing at such a suitable time, implementing the Huang Lao concept of governing the country without doing anything, and completing the transformation of the government from a planned authoritarian system that pursues all-encompassing to a public service-oriented government.

In order to implement his policy of governing the country, Cao Shen announced a rule for promoting officials: those who are not good at words are wooden, and those who are heavy on the elderly, do not refuse; Those who are profound and seek fame, please get out!

Then Cao Shen began to drink day and night, ignoring political affairs.

Finally, some bureaucrats who wanted to do things couldn't stand it anymore, and they came to the door in person to talk to Cao Shen about the way to be a match.

But they found strangely: every time someone came to the door, Cao Shen always prepared a sumptuous banquet to entertain the guests, and persuaded the wine one after another, not letting the other party have a chance to speak at all.

Over time, everyone knows the principle of this Xiangguo lord: how much you drink to accompany you to the end, and want to talk to me about work?

No way!

Cao Shen's work attitude is really impressive.

The unanimous feeling is: what a mix!

It's so easy to mix!

After everyone gradually became familiar with Cao Shen's work attitude, they no longer pursued any political achievements and progress, and everyone also drank and mixed up... At that time, behind Cao Shen's Xiangguo Mansion was the official residence, with only a back garden in the middle.

Under the leadership of Boss Cao, the subordinate officials of Xiangguo Mansion also turned the official residence into a place for eating, drinking and having fun.

The work style of the subordinate officials can only be described in one word: degenerate!

It was so depraved that even the attendants around Cao Shen couldn't stand it.

They unanimously agreed: This wind of eating and drinking should be killed by Cao Xiangguo!

But it is also a difficult problem to put forward this opinion to Cao Shen!

If you don't ask to see it, it might be another good meal.

When the time comes, I will be dizzy, let alone open my mouth to give opinions, it will be good if I can go back to the room without being carried back.

After brainstorming, the attendants immediately came up with a solution.

That night, they heard that the subordinate officials were having a banquet in the official residence again, so they pretended to invite Cao Xiangguo to the back garden for a walk and admire the moon.

This is a good idea, as long as Cao Shen enters the back garden, he will definitely see the corrupt and ugly faces of his subordinates, and he should not ignore it then, right?

But the attendants immediately realized that they were wrong!

When Cao Shen heard the sound of drinking and guessing in the back garden, not only did he not grit his teeth, but happily climbed over the wall, joined the eating and drinking team, and rejoiced with everyone... Finished!

Cao Xiangguo, we can't control you.

If you want to take care of you, you have to ask the emperor or the queen mother to come forward!

Lu Pheasant knows Cao Shenguang's style of doing things when he drinks and doesn't care about things, and Liu Ying also knows it.

But Lu Pheasant let it go, but Liu Ying was a little anxious: he didn't care about it anymore, if Cao Shen didn't care about it, wouldn't this Han world really want to change his surname to Lu?

Is the person recommended by Emperor Xian and Xiao Xiangguo to me reliable?

Liu Ying privately found Cao Yuan, the son of Cao Shen, who was a doctor in Renzhong, "Please go home and ask your father: Gaozu has collapsed, the new emperor is young, and the world is maintained by Xiangguo." But not only do you not do anything, but you also drink and have fun all day long, what can you do to manage the world?"

The question of the emperor was also a question of the Manchu officials, but no one knew the answer.

Those who want to know the answer are either drunk repeatedly, or they are helpless and crying and laughing.

It seems that if Cao Ji can't settle his father, no one in the world will know how lazy Lord Xiangguo will be.

Cao Ji immediately promised the emperor that he would go back to persuade his father.

When Cao Ji returned home, he seized the opportunity to tell Liu Yingjiao's words to his father, and immediately exchanged for a result that no one could have imagined: being beaten!

Cao Shen beat his son fiercely, and at the same time taught a lesson: "What qualifications do you kid have to teach Lao Tzu?" I'm beating you to make you remember: you're still far from being in charge of national affairs."

Cao Ji suffered a full 200 boards.

The two hundred boards hit Cao Ying's body, and it hurt Liu Ying's heart even more.

The next day, Cao Shen went to court, Liu Ying caught Cao Shen and asked, "I asked Cao Shen to persuade you." Why did you beat him so hard?"

Cao Shen was stunned for a moment, and then he understood: It turned out that his son was a flamethrower from the emperor!

Cao Shen immediately took off his crown hat and apologized to the emperor.

Hit it all, there is a fart to apologize?

Liu Ying held her breath, but she just looked at Cao Shen depressedly.

Cao Shen also knew that it was time to unravel the mystery.

If I don't give the answer today, people in the world really think I'm just a lazy Xiangguo!

Cao Shen "May I ask Your Majesty: Who is more powerful than you and Emperor Gao?"

Liu Ying hurriedly replied, "How dare I compare with the first emperor?"

Cao Shen asked again, "Your Majesty, look again: who is more powerful than me and Xiao He?"

Liu Ying hesitated, "It seems that Xiao Xiangguo is a little stronger than you"

Cao Shen hurriedly nodded: "Your Majesty, what you said is right. Since they are all stronger than us, and they have all made court decrees. Now Your Majesty and I just need to be loyal to our duties and not go off the rails casually, isn't it okay?"

Liu Ying finally came to his senses.

Seeing the sun through the clouds, I saw the answer to this hiding in the clouds - rule by doing nothing!

Liu Ying was deeply impressed by Cao Shen, and never said that Cao Shen was a Xiangguo who didn't care about anything.

And Cao Shen finally became a famous minister in the early Han Dynasty alongside Xiao He.

He worked as a minister for a total of three years.

It has been praised by the people from all over the world: Xiao is the law, and it is better to draw one.

Cao Shen replaces it, keep it and don't lose it.

Carry it pure, and the people will be peaceful.

In the spring of the 3rd year of Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty (BC192), Empress Lu once again requisitioned 146,000 men and women within a radius of 600 miles of Chang'an City to build Chang'an City, which was temporarily completed after 30 days.