The ancient city of Xi'an, today is rainy and cloudy, it is the most suitable time to wander and cross, there is no haze, and the air is exceptionally fresh. However, the ancient capital of the Thirteen Dynasties, which dynasty and which generation have you traveled to today? Yesterday I drove home, and I accidentally passed by the "Xuanwu Gate" on the map navigation, so I might as well go there again today, and take a look at the Xuanwu Gate, which is only 12 kilometers away from home......

The Xuanwumen Rebellion was a bloody coup d'état launched by Li Shimin, the second son of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan, on the fourth day of the sixth month of the ninth year of Tang Gaozu Wude (July 2, 626 AD) near the north palace gate of the Da Nei Imperial Palace, Chang'an City, the capital of the Tang Dynasty (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province).

[The ruins of Xuanwu Gate are only 12 kilometers away from my home, but they have traveled through 1389]

[Li Shimin followed his father Li Yuan to usurp Sui Jiantang]

In May of the thirteenth year of the Great Cause (617 AD), Taiyuan stayed behind, Tang Guogong Li Yuan raised troops in Jinyang, with the support of the eldest son Li Jiancheng, the second son Li Shimin and others, after occupying Chang'an in November, Li Yuan supported the grandson of Emperor Yang of Sui as the emperor, and changed Yuan Yining, that is, Emperor Gong of Sui.

Li Yuan appointed himself as the prime minister and became the king of Tang. In May of the second year of Yining (618 AD), Li Yuan usurped Sui and proclaimed himself emperor, named the country Tang, and appointed his eldest son Li Jiancheng as the crown prince.

["Tang Chuang's Living Note" version: Li Shimin rebelled and murdered his brothers]

According to the "Tang Chuangye Living Note", it was Li Yuan's own idea to raise troops in Jinyang. In the Book of Tang, it was said that the Taiyuan rebellion was Li Shimin's strategy, and Li Yuan promised him to make him the crown prince after the matter was completed. After the world was calmed, Li Shimin's fame grew, but Li Yuan hesitated. Li Jiancheng immediately united with Li Yuanji to squeeze out Li Shimin. Li Yuan's indecisiveness also caused the government and Chinese decrees to conflict with each other, which accelerated the military confrontation between the princes.

["Zizhi Tongjian" version: The prince united the four sons to form a princeling party to squeeze out Li Shimin]

According to the "Zizhi Tongjian", the prince Li Jiancheng has a lazy temperament, likes to drink, covets women, and loves hunting; Gaozu's fourth son, Li Yuanji, the king of Qi, was often at fault; Neither of them was favored by Gaozu. The fame of the people's meritorious deeds is increasing, Gaozu often intends to let him replace Jiancheng as the prince, Jiancheng is uneasy, so he plots with Yuanji, and promises Yuanji to make him the emperor's younger brother after he ascends the throne, so Yuanji fell to the eldest brother Jiancheng, and served Jiancheng to the death, and they each established their own henchmen, formed a princeling, and squeezed out Li Shimin together.

However, when Sima Guang was compiling the "Zizhi Tongjian", he doubted the authenticity of the historical materials about Jiancheng and Yuanji. Sima Guang believes that although Jiancheng and Yuanji are stubborn and stupid people, since they were killed by the people, the records about them are likely to be exaggerated and slandered by historians.

[King Li Shimin of Qin has a high merit and competes with the princelings]

Qin King Li Shimin was not to be outdone, as Li Shimin repeatedly made military exploits abroad, his prestige grew, Li Yuan successively named him Situ (one of the three dukes), Shang Shuling (equivalent to the prime minister), Zhongshu Ling (also equivalent to the prime minister), and even when there was no longer a seal, he created an unprecedented Tiance general to grant him, above the kings, and his status in the court was second only to Li Yuan and the crown prince, and he had many supporters; There were many talents in the palace of the Qin king, and together with Li Shimin's supporters, they formed the Qin Wang Party to compete with the princelings.

[The two sons of the princelings compete for the prince, Li Shimin was slandered by the concubines]

[The prince entered the slander and framed Li Shimin, the king of Qin]

The crown prince Li Jiancheng instigated the concubine who had an affair with him to frame Li Shimin in Gaozu's ear: "The King of Qin claimed that God had given me a mandate, and he was about to make me the master of the world, how could I die in vain!" ”

Gaozu was furious, first summoned Li Jiancheng and Li Yuanji, and then summoned Li Shimin, and reproached him: "Whoever is the Son of Heaven, God will naturally give him orders, not what human intelligence can seek." Why are you so eager to seek the throne? ”

【King Li Shimin of Qin avoids disaster in Luoyang】

Therefore, Gaozu said to Li Shimin: "First of all, you put forward the strategy of opposing the Sui, destroying the enemy, and pacifying the sea, all of which are your credits." I was going to make you the crown prince, but you resolutely refused. Moreover, Li Jiancheng is the oldest, and it has been a long time since he was made the crown prince, and I can't bear to take away his crown prince. I see that your brothers seem incompatible, and that if you live together in the capital, there will certainly be strife, and I should send you back to Xingtai and stay in Luoyang, and the vast area east of Shaanzhou will be under your control. I also want you to set up the banner of the Son of Heaven, such as the story of King Liang Xiao of the Han Dynasty. ”

Li Shimin wept and excused himself on the grounds that he was unwilling to stay away from his father's knees.

[The princes are fighting openly and secretly, and the society is shaken]

The staff and officials of the Qin Palace's staff were all worried, frightened, and at a loss. Xingtai Gonglang Zhongfang Xuanling compared with Sun Wuji, the eldest of the Ministry Lang, said: "Now that the grudge has been caused, once the disaster is secret, it will not only be out of control in the Qin Palace, but in fact, the survival of the society will become a problem." So, Fang Xuanling and Du Ruhui, a subordinate official of the Qin Palace, jointly persuaded Li Shimin to kill Li Jiancheng and Li Yuanji.

[Li Shimin, the king of Qin, can't bear to kill each other]

The eldest grandson Wuji and others persuaded Li Shimin to strike first. Li Shimin sighed: "Cannibalism is a great crime throughout the ages. Of course, I know that disaster is coming, but I plan to fight them again after it has happened, isn't that okay! ”

[King Li Shimin of Qin secretly played his father and reported the princelings]

On the third day of the sixth month (July 1, 626 AD), the star Platinum again appeared during the day, at noon directly south of the sky. Li Shimin took the opportunity to secretly play his father and accuse Li Jiancheng and Li Yuanji of adultery with the concubines in the harem: "The sons are not sorry for the royal brother and the emperor at all, but now they plan to kill the sons, which is like avenging Wang Shichong and Dou Jiande." Now that I am about to die unjustly, I will leave my father forever, and my soul will return to Huangquan, and I will be ashamed to see Wang Shichong and all the thieves! ”

Gao Zu looked at Li Shimin, surprised, and replied, "I will interrogate this matter tomorrow, and you should come to see me as soon as possible." ”

[Xuanwumen, King Li Shimin of Qin, killed his brother and killed his brother]

The next day, Li Shimin led the eldest grandson Wuji, Wei Chigong and others into the court, and laid an ambush at Xuanwu Gate.

Li Jiancheng and Li Yuanji didn't know the details, so they also entered the court together and rode to Xuanwu Gate.

Li Jiancheng and Li Yuanji came to the Linhu Palace, noticed the change, and immediately turned the horse's head, preparing to return to the East Palace and the Qi Palace.

Li Shimin followed behind and called them, Li Yuanji was weak-hearted, and first opened his bow and shot at Li Shimin, but because he was in a hurry, he didn't pull the bow full two or three times in a row, and the arrow didn't hit. Li Shimin shot at Li Jiancheng with a bow and shot him to death.

Wei Chigong led seventy cavalry men to arrive one after another, and the soldiers around him shot Li Yuanji with arrows, and Li Yuanji fell off his horse. But at this moment, Li Shimin's mount was frightened, and he ran into the woods next to the Xuanwu Gate with Li Shimin, and Li Shimin was caught by the branches in the forest, fell off his horse, fell to the ground, and couldn't get up for a while.

Li Yuanji quickly arrived, grabbed the bow, and was about to strangle Li Shimin, but at this moment, Wei Chi Gong jumped on his horse and shouted loudly to stop him.

Li Yuanji knew that he was not an opponent, so he hurriedly let go of Li Shimin and wanted to run into the Wude Hall to seek protection from his father, but Wei Chigong quickly caught up with him and shot him to death with an arrow.

[Li Shimin, the king of Qin, asked his father to make him the crown prince]

When the coup took place, Gaozu was rowing on the sea pool in the palace, and Li Shimin asked Wei Chigong to go straight to the boat where Gaozu was. Gao Zu was shocked: "Who is the person who is making trouble today?" What is Aiqing doing here? ”

Wei Chigong replied: "The king of Qin raised an army to kill the prince because of the rebellion between the crown prince and the king of Qi. ”

Xiao Yu and Chen Shuda said: "Jiancheng and Yuanji did not participate in the strategy of raising volunteers to resist the Sui Dynasty, and they did not make contributions to the world. They were jealous of King Qin's great merit and prestige, so they planned a treacherous conspiracy together. Now that the King of Qin has denounced and killed them, the King of Qin has covered the universe and the world has returned to his heart, if His Majesty can decide to make him the crown prince and entrust him with national affairs, there will be no more incidents. ”

Gao Zu said: "Good! That's exactly what I've always wanted. ”

Shimin knelt down, prostrated himself on Gao Zu's chest, and wept for a long time.

[The children of the elder brother and younger brother killed by Li Shimin were all killed, and the genealogy was deleted]

Li Jiancheng's sons Li Chengdao, King of Anlu, Li Chengde, King of Hedong, Li Chengxun, King of Wu'an, Li Chengming, King of Runan, Li Chengyi, King of Julu, Li Yuanji's son Li Chengye, King of Liangjun, Li Chengluan, King of Yuyang, Li Chengyu, King of Pu'an, Li Chengyu, King of Jiangxia, Li Chengdu, King of Yiyang, and other children were brutally killed, and their names were also deleted from the clan register.

[Gate Captain Chi Gong and Qin Qiong, from the ghost of the brother Li Shimin is afraid to kill]

Legend has it that Li Shimin was afraid that his brother's ghost would come to ask for his life, so he sent Wei Chi Gong and Qin Qiong to serve as guards in front of the door, but later due to the old age of the two, they could not serve for a long time, so they had to draw portraits of the two and hang them at the door, which became the origin of the door gods in later generations.

[All the daughters of the brothers killed by Li Shimin became Li Shimin's harem, and the wives of his younger brother Li Yuanji also became Li Shimin's concubines]

【Gaozu Retreats】

On July 14, 626, Gaozu gave Pei Lin and others an edict in his own handwriting, saying: "I should add the honorific title of Emperor Taishang. He expressed his thoughts of abdication and inner meditation.

On September 3, 626, Gaozu promulgated a document to pass the emperor's throne to the crown prince Li Shimin, who was the emperor and still lived in the Taiji Hall, the main hall of the Ouchi Imperial Palace.

[Li Shimin's ascension to the throne as Tang Taizong's rule of Zhenguan officially opened]

【Sima Guang Zizhi Tongjian】

Volume 191 Tang Ji VII:

The prince was built, with a wide and simple nature, and he liked to play wine; Qi Wang Yuanji, many negligence; None of them are favored. The people of the world are becoming more and more famous, and they often intend to build on behalf of others, and they are not at ease in the construction, but they conspire with Yuanji to pour the people of the world together, and each leads to the party friends.

[Today, after 1389, the Xuanwu Gate Transformation Ruins Park, history continues to travel]

[The footsteps of crossing have not stopped, where are we going at the next stop? 】

Some of the content is derived from the Internet

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